【英语】高二英语阅读理解专项训练及答案
-
【英语】高二英语阅读理解专项训练及答案
一、高中英语阅读理解
1
．
阅读理解
A 3-year-old boy who
was lost in the woods for two days is now safe at
home with his family.
But Casey
Hathaway told his rescuers that he was not alone
in the rainy, freezing cold woods. He
said he was with a friend
—
a bear.
The child went missing on January
22. He was playing with friends at his
grandmother's house
in the southern
state of North Carolina. When the other children
returned home but Casey did
not, the
family searched the area for almost an hour before
calling the police. Police formed a
search and rescue team to look for the
young boy in the nearby woods. But two days went
by and
still
—
no
Casey.
Then on January
24, someone called the police saying he heard a
child crying in the woods.
Police
followed up on the information and found Casey at
about 9:30 that night. They pulled him
out of some briar. He was in good
health. Casey told the rescuers that he had hung
out with a
black bear for two days, a
bear he called his
Sheriff Chip Hughes spoke with reporters from
several news agencies. He said Casey did not say
how he was able to survive in the woods
for three days in the cold, rainy weather.
However, the
sheriff said,
Hundreds of people helped in the
search and rescue efforts, including some 600
volunteers,
federal police and members
of the military. Officer Hughes told reporters
that at no point did he
think Casey had
been kidnapped.
His
mother
Brittany
Hathaway
talked
with
reporters
from
a
local
news
agency
and
thanked
everyone
who
joined
the
search
for
her
son.
just
want
to
tell
everybody
that
we're
very
thankful that you took the time out to
search for Casey and prayed for him, and he's
good,
his mother.
（
1
）
When did
Casey get lost?
A. On January 24.
B. After a 911 call.
C. Before his playmates came.
D. After he left his grandmother's
house.
（
2
< br>）
What can we know about the boy?
A. He survived with the
help of a bear.
B. The
rescuers rescued him from a bear.
C. Someone offered key information to
find him.
D. He was
eventually found by officer Hughes.
（
3
）
Why
did the mother say that in the last paragraph?
A. To report the detailed
situation.
B. To
show her gratitude and relief.
C. To invite everyone to watch her
child. D. To appreciate searchers and
the bear.
（
4
）
Where is this text most likely
from?
A. A news
report. B. A guidebook.
C. A diary. D. An
advertisement.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（<
/p>
2
）
C
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报
道，男孩凯西在离开祖母家后就失踪了。两天之后
,
警
察根据得到的线索在树林里找到了凯西。凯西告诉他的救援人员在森林里的这两天他一直
和一只熊在一起。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“The child went missing on January 22. He was
playing
with friends at his
grandmother's house in the southern state of North
Carolina. When the other
children
r
eturned home but Casey did not”,
可知这个孩子在
1
月
22<
/p>
日失踪了。他正在他的祖
母在北卡罗来纳州南部州的房子里玩耍。
当其他孩子回家时
,
凯西却没有。也就是在离开祖
母的房子后
,
凯西没有回家
,
失踪了。故选
D
。
< br>
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“Then on January 24,
someone called the police saying
he
heard a child crying in the woods. Police followed
up on the information and found Casey at
about
9
:30
that
night.
”
可知然后在
1
月
24<
/p>
日
,
有人打电话给警察
< br>,
说他听到一个孩子在树林
里哭泣。警方跟进了该消息<
/p>
,
并于当晚
9
点
30
分发现了凯西。所以是有人提供了关键的信
息来帮助找到这个男孩。故选
C
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
‘We
just
want
to
tell
everybody
that
we're
very
thankful that you took the time out to
search fo
r Casey and prayed for him,
and he's good, ‘ said
his
mother.
’
He
is
good,
he
is
up
and
talking.
He's
already
asked
to
watch
Netflix.
So,
he's
good …’<
/p>
可知男孩凯西的妈妈说
:
我们只想告诉大
家
,
我们非常感谢您抽出宝贵的时间去搜寻
凯西并为他祈祷
,
他的状况很好。
他很好
,
他在
说话。他已经被要求观看
Netflix
。所以
,
他
很好
……
从妈妈的话中可知她很感激大家的帮助
,
她说这些话的
目的就是为了向救援人员表
达自己的感激。同时她强调凯西一切都好
,
感到很欣慰。故选
B
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。本文讲述了一个小男孩失踪后被找到的事情
,
文中有具体的时间地点
和各方人物
,
描述详细客观
,
结合最后一段中的
talked with reporters from a local news agency
可以推断这最有可能是一篇新闻报道。故选
A
< br>。
【点评】本题考点涉及细
节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，考生需要
准确捕捉细节信息，并根
据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
2
．
阅读理解
If you want to convince the boss
you deserve a pay rise or promotion, the solution
could be
simple
—
eat the same food as they do. Psychologists have
discovered managers are much more
likely to instantly trust us if we
choose the same dishes as them.
During experiments, discussions
over wages and work conditions were much more
successful if
both
sides
chose
to
snack
on
the
same
treats.
And
shoppers
were
much
more
likely
to
buy
a
product advertised on TV by someone
eating a similar food to them at the
time.
The reason is
thought to be so-called similarity attraction
theory
—
where people tend
to like
others who have similar tastes
or habits to themselves. But this is believed to
be one of the first
studies
highlighting the role of food in this
relationship. Researchers at Chicago University in
the
US conducted a series of
experiments to examine food's role in earning
trust.
In a test,
participants were told to watch TV
—
where someone pretending
to be a member of
the public praised a
certain product. The volunteers were given Kit Kat
bars to nibble (
咬
), while
the TV people ate either a Kit Kat or
grapes as they talked.
The results showed viewers were much more likely
to express an interest in buying the product
if the TV showed the other person
eating a Kit Kat too.
The researchers added, “Although
similarity in food consumption is not a sign of
whether two
people will get along, we
find consumers treat this as such. They feel more
trusting of those who
consume
as
they
do.
It
means
people
can
immediately
begin
to
feel
friendship
and
develop
a
bond,
leading to smoother transactions
(
交易
) from the
start.”
Harley
Street
psychologist
Dr.
Lucy
Atcheson
said
it
was
already
known
that
wearing
similar
clothes could
instantly create trust. But this was the first
report that food had the same effect.
She said, “This is really interesting.
It makes sense as people feel they have common
ground and
can trust the other person.
That means negotiations are more likely to be
successful.”
（
1
）
According to the passage,
customers are likely to buy a product from a
dealer who ______.
A. has the same taste as them
B. advertises his products on TV
C. reduces the price of his products
D. pays attention to the quality of his
products
（
2
）
The
experiments conducted by researchers at Chicago
University show that ______.
A. food plays an important
role in earning people's trust B. bosses
like employees that have
the same taste
as them
C. people
who
have
similar
tastes
to
their
boss's
earn more D.
people
have
less
interest
in
buying products advertised on
TV
（
3
）
What can be inferred from the passage?
A. People who eat similar
food are more likely to trust each other.
B. People will get along
with each
other if they like to eat similar
things.
C. The
effect
of
wearing
similar
clothes
hasn't
been
proved
by
researchers. D. People
are
more likely to make
friends with those wearing the same clothes as
them.
（
4
）
Which of the following sayings can
be an example of the similarity attraction theory?
A. Honesty is the best
policy.
B.
All good things come to an end.
C. Birds of a feather flock together.
D. Where there is a will, there is a
way.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）
A
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了相似吸引理论在食物上也成立，芝加哥大学
研究人员进行的实验表明食物对人的
信任起着重要的作用。
（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“shoppers
were
much
more
likely
to
buy
a
product
advertised on TV by someone eating a
similar kind of food to them at the time.”
< br>可知，顾客很可
能从味道相同的经销商那里购买产品。故选
A
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“Researchers
at Chicago University in the US conducted
a series of experiments to examine
food's role in earning
trust.“
可知美国
Chicago Universit
y
研
究表明食物在赢得人们的信任方面起着重要的作用。故选<
/p>
A
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“th
is
was
the
first
report
that
food
had
the
same
effect. She said, ‘This
is really interesting. It makes sense as people
feel they have the common
ground
and
can
trust
the
other
person.
Thai
means
negotiations
are
more
likely
to
the
successful.’”
可知，吃相似食物的人更容易信任对方。故选
A
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。根
据每条谚语的意思
A. Hone
sty is the
best policy. “
诚实为上策
”
< br>。
B. All
good things come
to an end. “
天下没有不散的筵席
”
。
C. Birds of a feather flock
together. “
人以
群分
<
/p>
物以类聚
”
。
D
. Where there is a will, there is a way.“
有志者，事竟成
”
。可知
C
项符合题
意。选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，
是一篇科普类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选
出正确答案。
3
．
阅读理解
For
years,
my
time
spent
in
the
shower
could
have
got
me
a
mention
in
Guinness
World
Records as the shortest time taken to
bathe. I hurried up during this
process.
One day,
however, while at a party, I heard an artist
friend telling everybody that his idea came
while
he
was
having
a
shower.
“What
about
you?”
he
asked,
“Don't
you
get
your
creative
thoughts from the
same place?”
“I'm in and out in a hurry,” I told him
proudly. “I have no time to waste!”
“What
a
pity,”
he
said.
“That's
the
place
where
you
need
to
slow
down;
plenty
of
great
thoughts come from there!” I tried it
out. I slowed down the whole process, started
enjoying the
warm water, taking a
little longer to soap myself and even spending
more time just enjoying the
process,
and realized how much I had missed in hurrying up
all these years.
A
woman
told
me
how
much
stress
her
friend
was
suffering
from
and
how
she
sought
to
convince
her
that
she
needed
to
find
ways
to
relax.
She
gave
her
a
videotape
on
stress
management
and
relaxation
techniques,
and
encouraged
her
to
watch
it
right
away.
Fifteen
minutes later, her
friend handed back the tape. “It was good,” she
said,” but I don't need it.”
“But
it's
a
70
-
minute
video,”
the
woman
replied,
“You
couldn't
have
watched
the
whole
thing.”
“Yes, I did,” her friend said. “I put
it in fast
-
forward!”
A
major
social
problem
of
the
21st
century
is
Hurry
Sickness.
We
hurry
through
work.
We
swallow
fast food. We complain that we don't have enough
time. We race through the days and
weeks until one day we look back in
amazement and comment, “My god, how the years flew
by!”
Then we realize the heavy price we
have paid for traveling fast.
Symptoms
of
Hurry
Sickness
include
stress
and
anxiety,
bad
relationships,
lowered
work
performance and even
disease. Some people don't survive it. What's the
cure? Slow down, for
life is so short
and precious that we must live it well.
（
1
）
Wha
t was the advantage of taking a shower in the eyes
of the artist friend?
A. Time was saved.
B. Nothing was missed.
C. Great ideas flew away.
D. Creative thoughts came.
<
/p>
（
2
）
What
was the trouble with the woman's friend?
A. She felt stressed.
B. She found the tape
useless.
C. She found no way
to relax. D. She
watched the tape too fast.
（
3
）
What are the
major trouble people face in the 21st century in
the writer's eyes?
A. People run fast to work.
B. Everything is done in a
hurry.
C. People don't have
enough time. D. Time flies
without being noticed.
（
4
）
How
can the problem be settled?
A. By pacing down.
B. By learning to survive.
C. By developing friendship.
D. By performing good work.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
A
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文为应用文。很
多人以自己的快节奏生活而自豪，这会造成一种匆忙
症，它的突出症状为焦虑，有压力，
生病，工作效率低甚至活不下去。如果想治愈症，就
要放慢速度。比如放慢洗澡的速度有
可能会创意的想法出现。
（
1
）细节理解题。根据第二段中的
I
heard
an
artist
friend
telling
everybody
that
his
idea
came
while
he
was
having
a
shower.
…“Don't
you
get
your
creative
thoughts
from
the
same
place?”
可知，作者
的艺术家的朋友告诉大家。他创造性的想法是在他洗澡的时候来的。分
析选项可知
D
项符合题意，故答案选
D
< br>。
（
2
）细节理解题。根据第五段
“A
woman
told
me
how
much
stress
her
friend
was
suffering
from …”
可知，这位女子说她的朋友遭受了很大的压力。分析选项可知，故答案选
A
。
（
3
< br>）细节理解题。根据第八段内容可知，
21
世纪的人最大
的问题就是
“
匆忙病
”
。他们匆
匆忙忙的工作。吃快餐。他们抱怨没有足够的时间。他们一直和时间赛
跑，直到有一天，
惊讶地回过头来，说，
“
我的上帝，时光飞逝啊！
“
然后意识到他们已经付出了沉重
的代
价。分析本段的内容可知
B
项（一
切都是匆匆忙忙完成的。）符合题意。在本段中说他们
匆匆忙忙地工作而不是奔跑去上班
，
A
错误。他们抱怨没有足够的时间
而不是没有足够的
时间，故
C
是错误的
。而
D
项与题干无关。故不选，分析可知
B
项符合题意。
（
4
）推理判断题。最后一段说匆忙症的症状包括有压力和焦虑，不良的人际关系
，工作效
率低，甚至生病。有些人甚至无法生存下去。如何治呢？那就是放慢脚步。分析
可知，要
解决这个问题就要放慢速度。分析选项可知
A
项符合题意。
【点评】阅读理解细节题解题技巧：
1
）语义转换题
--
跳读查找法：根据
题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子，然后进行比较和分
析，便可确定最佳答案。
2
）生活应用题
--
常识理解法：在读懂文章的基础上结合一定的生活常识进行判断。
3
）细节排序题
--
首尾定位法：根据动作发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系，找出事件
发生
的正确顺序。
4
）寻找信息题
--
题干定位法：寻找信息题一般为功能阅读题，主要形式有广告、公
告、演
出信息、航班时间表等。
4
．
阅读理解
When
you
go
to
the
doctor,
you
like
to
come
away
with
a
prescription
．
It
makes
you
feel
better to know you will get some
medicine. But the doctor knows that medicine is
not always
needed. Sometimes all a sick
person needs is some reassurance that all will be
well. In such cases
the doctor may
prescribe a placebo.
A
placebo
is
a
sugar
pill,
a
harmless
shot,
or
ail
empty
capsule.
Even
though
they
have
no
medicine in them, these
things seem to make people well. The patient
thinks it is medicine and
begins to get
better. How does this happen?
The study of the placebo opens up
new knowledge about the way the human body can
heal
itself. It is as if there was a
doctor in each of us. The doctor will heal the
body for us if we let it.
But it is not
yet known just how the placebo works to heal the
body. Some people say it works
because
the human mind fools itself. These people say that
if the mind is fooled into thinking it
got medicine, then it will act as if it
did, and the body will feel better.
Placebos
do
not
always
work.
The
success
of
this
treatment
seems
to
rest
a
lot
with
the
relationship between the
patient and the doctor. If the patient has a lot
of trust in the doctor and
if the
doctor really wants to help the patient, then the
placebo is more likely to work. So in a way,
the doctor is the most powerful placebo
of all.
A placebo can
also have bad effects. If patients expect a bad
reaction to medicine, then they
will
also show a bad reaction to the placebo. This
would seem to show that a lot of how you react
to medicine is in your mind rather than
in your body. Some doctors still think that if the
placebo
can have bad effects it should
never be used. They think there is still not
enough known about it.
The strange power of the placebo does seem to
suggest that the human mind is stronger than
we think it is. There are people who
say you can heal your body by using your mind. And
the
interesting
thing
is
that
even
people
who
swear
this
is
not
possible
have
been
healed
by
a
placebo
．
< br>（
1
）
What do we
know about placebo according to the passage?
A. It
contains
some
sort
of
medicine. B. It
won't
function
if
you
are
negative
about
medicine.
C. People
who
don't
believe
placebo
can't
be
healed
by
it.
D. Patients
and
doctors
know
clearly how it helps to heal the
body.
（
2
）
Why
is the doctor sometimes the most powerful placebo?
A. The patient needs help
badly
．
B. The patient believes in the
doctor
．
C. The
doctor
knows
better
about
your
body
．
D. The
doctor
has
carefully
studied
medicine
．
（
3
）
What does
the underl
ined word “it” in Paragraph 5
refer to?
A. The
placebo.
B. The bad
effect.
C. The body.
D. The medicine.
（
4
）
What is the
passage mainly about?
A. Placebo
：
Work
on Your Mind B.
Placebo
：
The Most Powerful
Medicine
C.
Placebo
：
The Best Doctor
D. Placebo
：
Heal Your
Body
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）
B
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，有时候病人的病并不是需要真正的药物来医治，而
是需要医生开一些安慰的药剂，安慰
病人的心理使病人的情绪得到舒缓，从而有利于病情
的痊愈。
(1)
考查细节理解。纵观全文可知，一些医生仍然认为，如果
安慰剂有坏的影响，它应该永
远不会被使用，他们认为对安慰剂仍然没有足够的了解。所
以此处的
it
是指的安慰剂。故
选
A
。
(2)
考查推理判断。根据第二段中的
“A
placebo
is
a
sugar
pill
，
a
harmless
shot
，
or
ail
empty
capsule
．
”
可知安慰剂不会起到医学上的作用
。故选
B
。
(3)
考查细节理解。根据文章的描述有时候病人是不需要使用药物的，医生给病人开出
安慰
剂，病人觉得安慰剂有很大的作用是因为他们很相信医生。故选
B
。
(4)
考查主旨大意。本文讲述的是有时候病人的病并不是需要真正的药物来医治，而是需要
医生开一些安慰的药剂，这时候就会安慰病人的心理，病人的情绪得到舒缓从而有利于病
情的痊愈。这被叫做安慰剂。通常是空的甜胶囊，作用于病人的心理，帮助他们调节心
情，从而有利于病情痊愈。故选
A
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇生活类阅
读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推<
/p>
理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
5
．
阅读理解
While your pet fish may appear to
be unaware of your presence, chances are that it
knows you
extremely well and can
probably even identify you from a crowd of human
faces!
To
test
if
this
was
accurate,
some
scientists
decided
to
study
archerfish
（喷水鱼）
.
These
animals
don't
have
a
sophisticated
（复杂的）
bra
in
that
is
necessary
to
recognize
the
slight
differences between
human facial features.
They began by presenting four archerfish with
images of two human faces. Initially, the fish
spit
at both. However, they soon
learned spitting water at the one selected by the
researchers earned
them a food treat.
After that, they focused primarily on that image.
The researchers then took
the
experiment one step further by introducing 44
other human faces to the mix.
To the researcher's astonishment,
the trained archerfish were able to recall the
learned image
almost
81%
of
the
time.
And
this
accuracy
improved
to
86%
when
the
researchers
made
the
identification even
harder, by replacing the colored photos with a set
of black and white images
and hiding
the shape of the head.
The results of the study suggest that though
having tiny brains, archerfish may have developed
high visual discrimination abilities.
While it is contrary to the previous theory that a
sophisticated
brain is necessary to
recognize human faces, the researchers believe
they do not recognize faces
by
recalling complex facial information like gender
and identity, but more likely by discriminating
between detailed patterns. Even so,
the fact that these archerfish could
“remember” those faces
demonstrates that they have an
impressive memory for details that lasts much
longer than the
originally-thought 3
seconds!
This
is not the first time researchers have realized
how “smart” fish are. Previous studies have
shown th
at fish can
recognize those fish they have “socialized” with
previously, and even recall
complex
three-dimensional maps of their
surroundings.
（
1<
/p>
）
What is the purpose of the
study?
A. To
describe archerfish are easy to teach.
B. To tell people archerfish like to be
rewarded.
C. To prove
archerfish can recognize human faces.
D. To show archerfish can easily
develop a
habit.
（
2
）
Why
did the researchers use black and white images?
A. They could get these
images easily.
B.
Archerfish got tired of color images.
C. They
wanted
to
make
the
task
more
difficult.
D. These
images
wouldn't
get
ruined
by
water.
（
3
）
What conclusion did
researchers draw in the study?
A. Archerfish have a
3-second memory.
B.
Archerfish could distinguish detailed
patterns.
C. Archerfish have
a special form of communication.
D. Archerfish could remember complex
facial information.
< br>（
4
）
What can we
infer from the text?
A. Fish are social animals.
B. Fish are as clever as
humans.
C. Fish are able to
tell different shapes. D. The results
shocked the researchers.
【答案
】
（
1
）
C<
/p>
（
2
）
C
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了科学家对喷水鱼做的实验，实验表明鱼也很
“
聪明
”
，它们没有复杂的大脑但是却有辨认面孔的能力。
(1)
考查细节理解。根据第一段做的
“While
your
pet
fish
may
appear
to
be
unaware
of
your
presence,
chances are that it knows you extremely well and
can probably even identify you from
a
crowd of human
faces!”
和第二段做的
“To test if
this was accurate, some scientists decided to
study archerfish(
喷水鱼
< br>).”
可知这项研究的目的是证明喷水鱼可以认出人脸，故选
C
。
(2)
考查细节理解。根据倒数第三段做的
“And
this
accuracy
improved
to
86%
when
the
researchers made the
identification even harder, by replacing the
colored photos with a set of
black and
white images and hiding the shape of the head.”
可知研究人员使用黑白图像是为了
增加这项任务的难度，故选
C
。
(3)
考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段做的
“Even
so,
the
fact
that
these
archerfish
could
‘remember’ those faces
demonst
rates that they have an
impressive memory for details that lasts
much longer than the originally-
thought 3 seconds!”
可推知喷水鱼可以辨
别精细的图案，故选
B
。
(4)
考查细节理解。根据第四段做的
“To
the
researcher's
astonishment,
the
trained
archerfish were able
to recall the learned image almost
81%
of the time.”
可知研究结果令研究
人员非常吃惊
，故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，考生需