英语中考英语阅读理解及答案(word)1
-
英语中考英语阅读理解及答案（
word
）
1
一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析）
1
．
阅读理解
Science fiction is a
popular kind of writing, and many people think of
Jules Verne
（凡尔纳）
as
the father of science fiction. He was
born in France in 1828. His father wanted him to
become a
lawyer, but from his early 20s
Verne decided to become a writer. At first he
wrote plays for the
theater. Then, in
1863, he wrote a story called Five Weeks in a
Balloon. The success of this book
encouraged him to write more stories
such as A Journey to the Center of the Earth
（
1864
）
and
From the Earth to the Moon
（<
/p>
1865
）
.
In the 19th century, many people
were interested in science and inventions. Jules
Verne wrote
about
scientific
subjects
in
his
stories
and,
as
a result, they
were
very
popular.
Verne's
writing
included
many
predictions
（预言）
for
the
20th
century
and
many
of
them
came
true.
He
described
space
flight,
movies,
and
air
conditioning,
a
long
time
before
they
appeared.
These
books were very
successful and they made Verne rich.
Jules Verne's books have been the
subjects for many movies. 20, 000 Leagues under
the Sea
was
a
successful
movie
for
Walt
Disney.
It
was
the
first
time
that
Disney
movie
had
used
real
actors
instead
of
cartoon
drawings.
Around
the
World
in
Eighty
Days
is
another
famous
movie
based on one of
Verne's books. The main character is an Englishman
called Phileas Fogg. For him,
the most
important thing is to be always on
time!
（
1
）
What does the phrase
A. The father who has several
children.
B. The man who
loves science and inventions.
C. The writer whose father wrote
science fiction.
D. The man
who first started writing science fiction
successfully.
（
2<
/p>
）
What encouraged Jules Verne
to write more stories?
A. The plays he wrote for the theater.
B. The encouragement from his
father.
C. The success of
Five Weeks in a Balloon.
D. The
scientific subjects in his stories.
（
3
）
Why
were Jules Verne's books very popular in the 19th
century?
A.
Because his books made him rich and
famous.
B. Because he wrote
many plays for the theater at that
time.
C. Because his books
were the subjects for many movies.
D. Because many people were interested
in science and inventions.
（
4
）
Which of the
following has the main character called Phileas
Fogg?
A. Five
Weeks in a Balloon.
B. Around the World in Eighty
Days.
C. A Journey to the
Center of the Earth. D. From the Earth
to the Moon.
（
5
）
According to the passage,
which of the following is TRUE?
A. The space flight Verne
described was different from others.
B. The main characters in Verne's books
are always on time.
C. Jules
Verne only wrote in the 19th century.
D. Many of the predictions in Verne's
stories came true.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（<
/p>
2
）
C
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
B
（
5
）
D
【解析】
【分析】文章大意：许多人
认为朱勒凡尔纳是科幻小说之父，他的父亲希望他能
成为一名律师，但是当他二十岁的时
候，凡尔纳决定成为一名作家，他的书写的非常受欢
迎，朱勒凡尔纳的书已经成为许多电
影的主题。
（
1
）词语理解题。根据短语
the father of
science fiction
科幻小说之父。可知，
Jules Verne
被认为是第一个写科幻小说的人，故选
D
。
（
2
）细节理解题。根据文中的语句
he
wrote
a
story
called
Five
Weeks
in
a
Balloon.
The
success of this book encouraged him to
write more stories”
可知故事
Five
Weeks in a Balloon
的
成功让凡尔纳更有动
力写更多的小说，故选
C
。
（
3
）细节
理解题。根据文中的语句由文中
In the 19th century,
many people were interested
in science
and inventions. Jules Verne wrote about scientific
subjects in his stories and, as a result,
they
were
very
popular.
可知在
19
世纪，许多人对科学和发明感兴趣。儒勒
·
凡
尔纳在他的
小说中写下了科学主题，因此很受欢迎。故选
D
。
（
4
）细节理解题。根据文中的语句
Around
the World in Eighty Days is another famous movie
based
on
one
of
Verne's
books.
The
main
character
is
an
Englishman
called
Phileas
Fogg.
可知
《八十天环游世界》是根据凡尔纳的一本书改编的另一部著名电影。主角是一个叫斐利
亚
·
福克的英国人。故选
B
。
（
5
）理解判断题。根据文中的语句
V
erne's
writing
included
many
predictions
（预言）
for
the 20th
century
and many
of
them
came
true.
可知凡尔纳的作
品包括了许多对
20
世纪的预
言，其中
许多预言都实现了，故选
D
。
【点评】考查阅读理解。
本题主要考查了细节理解题，词义理解归纳题以及判断题，做题
的时候，
先从题目中找到一个关键词，它可以帮助我们很快地定位原文，找到答案。
2
．
根据短
文内容选择正确答案。
C
Jodie’s Daddy
is a Garbageman
（垃圾清理工）
Mr
. Swales wanted to
find out what his students’ parents did. He had
just called Jodie when
some girls burst
out laughing. Shirley shouted, “Jodie’s Daddy is a
Garbageman!”
Everybody
in the class laughed out loud, except Jodie. She
felt her face turn red.
“Silence!” Mr Swales said, “Being a
garbagemen is a difficult and useful job. We
should all be
thankful to Jodie’s
father.”
Jodie’s father came to walk her home
from school as usual, but she didn’t run up to him
the
way she always did. When they got
back home, Jodie went to her room and cried for a
long time.
Her father came into her room, “What
happened, Jodie? Why are you so sad?”
Jodie told her father
what had happened and looked at him. He didn’t
seem angry or hurt.
“Well,” he said,
“they are right. Being a garbageman is a dirty
job. Tomorrow’s Saturday. Come to
work
with me, Jodie.”
The place really smell too good. Jodie
wrinkled her nose. “Don’t worry, kid. In five
minutes
you won’t smell a thing.” said
her father.
Everybody
there
was
working
hard,
and
they
seemed
to
have
a
good
time.
Jodie’s
father
handed her a pair of gloves and told
her to get the little plastic bags and throw them
into the
truck.
It was fun, but also hard work. Jodie’s
arms soom got tire
d. At last, no more
garbage was left
and Jodie felt very
happy.
“Garbage is disgusting, but when we
clear it away, everything’s nice and clean. You
can make
yourself happy only by making
other happy. That’s why I like being a garbageman
so much.”
Jodie give
her dirty, smeely garbageman daddy a big
kiss
（吻）
. She said, “When I
grow up, I
will be a
garbagegirl!”
Now
whenever
someone
asks
Jodie
what
her
daddy
does,
she
says,
“He’s
a
garbageman!
Everybody makes
garbage, but my daddy takes it
awa
y!”
（
1
）
What happened in My
Swale’s class?
A. He wanted to show what job was the
most useful.
B. He asked an
improper question.
C. Jodie
gave an honest answer.
D. Jodie was laughed at.
（
2
）
Why
did Jodie’s father t
ake her to his
workplace?
A. To
make Jodie calm down
B. To
prove how dirty his job was.C To help Jodie learn
about his job.
C. To help
Jodie learn about his job.
D. To keep Jodie away from her
classmates.
（
3
）
Jodie gave her father a big
kiss mainly because ______.
A. he was kind B. he was
unselfish
（无私的）
C. he
was cheerful D. he is hard-
working
（
4
）
How
does Jodie feel about her father now?
A. Sad
B. Curious
C. Guilty
（有罪的）
D. Proud
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（<
/p>
2
）
C
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】这篇短文中作者主
要讲述了一个女孩对自己爸爸从事垃圾清洁工这一工
作态度和认识的转变的故事，从一开
始同学的嘲笑自己感到委屈，而最后得知爸爸工作的
辛苦和伟大。
（
1
）细节理解题。根据短文第一
段第二、三句
He had just called Jodie when
some girls burst
out laughing. Shirley
shouted, “Jodie’s daddy is a g
arbageman
!
可知，当同学们知道
Jodie
的爸
爸是一名垃圾清理工时都在笑话她；故选
D
。
（
2
）细节理解题。根据短文第十段爸爸的话语
“Garbage
is
disgusting,
but
when
we
clear
it
away,
everything’s nice and clean. You can make yourself
happy only by making other happy.
可
知，爸爸要女儿来到他工作的场所是让她体验到自己工作的光荣；故选
C<
/p>
。
（
3
）推理判断题。根据短文内容可知爸爸付出了自己的辛勤劳动，方便的市民的生活，其
精神是大公无私的；所以女儿为爸爸自豪，而高兴地去亲吻他；故选
B<
/p>
。
（
4
）推理判断题。根据短文最后两段可看出女儿对爸爸工作态度的转变，她总是告诉别人
他爸爸工作的光荣和以后也要当一名清洁女工来看，她是为爸爸的工作而自豪的；故选
D
。
【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键
词，在文章中寻找答案。
3
．
根据短文内容选择正确答案。
A
A well-known old man was being interviewed and was
asked if it was correct that he had just
celebrated his ninety-ninth
birthday.
“That's right.” said the old man.
“Ninety
-nine years old, and I haven't
an enemy in the world.
They're all
dead.”
“Well,
sir,” said the interviewer, “I hope
very
much to have the honour of
interviewing you on
your hundredth
birthday.”
The old man looked at the young man
closely, and said, “I can't see why you shouldn't
look fit
and healthy to me!”
（
1
）
The
old
man
said
he
had
not
an
enemy
in
the
world,
which
shows
that
he
was
a
very
_______.
A. friendly man---- he never made any
enemies.
B. healthy man----
he lived longer than all his enemies
C. lucky man---- his enemies had all
died
D. terrible
man---- he killed all his enemies
（
2
）
When the
interviewer said that he hoped very much to have
the honour of interviewing
the old man
again the following year, ________.
A. he was trying to make
the old man happy
B. he
wished he himself would live another
year
C. he did not believe
the old man would live to be one
hundred
D. he did not
believe he would interview the old man
again
（
3
）
When
the
old
man
said,
“I
can't
see
why
you
shouldn't”,
what
he
meant
was
_____________.
A.
“You must try to live
another year to interview me again next
year.”
B.
“Of
course you can see me again since you're so fit
and healthy.”
C.
“If I live to a hundred years, you
should interview me again.”
D.
“Unless you live another
year, you wouldn't be able to interview me
again.”
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
< br>A
（
3
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文讲一个高龄老
人的语言智慧。
（
1
）细节理解。根据老人说
I haven’t an enemy in the world.
They’re all dead.
可知老人是一
个健康的人
，他的敌人都死了。故选
B
。
（
2
）推理
判断。根据句中的词
hope
；
hav
e
the
honour
of
等可知记者是祝愿老人健康长
寿，故选
A<
/p>
。
（
3
）推理判断。本句的意思是：我实在看不出你为什么会认为没有机会再采访我
< br>,
你看起
来还象我一样健康着呢。记者本是好意祝愿老人
长寿，但是听起来好像是老人活不过一百
岁似的。老人用开玩笑的方式来缓和记者说错话
的尴尬。故选
B
。
< br>【点评】故事类阅读要紧扣故事的时间线索，人物间的关系，故事的发展和结局，点明的
< br>主旨等信息。答题时注意问题中的关键词在文章中的准确定位，根据关键词查找信息，切
< br>忌主观臆断，凭感觉做题
4
．
阅读理解
Many
teenagers
feel
that
the
most
important
people
in
their
lives
are
their
friends.
They
believe that their family members don't
know them as well as their friends do. In large
families, it
is quite often for
brothers or sisters to fight with each other and
then they can only go to their
friends
for some ideas.
It is
important for teenagers to have one good friend or
a group of friends. Even when they are
not with their friends, they usually
spend a lot of time talking to each other on the
phone. The
communication is very
important in children's growth, because friends
can discuss some things
that are
difficult to say to their family
members.
However,
parents often try to choose their children's
friends for them. Some parents may even
stop their children from meeting their
good friends.
Have you
ever thought of the following
questions?
Who chooses
your friends? Do you choose your friends or your
friends choose you? Have you
got a good
friend your parents don't like? Your answers are
welcome.
（
1
）
Many teenagers think that
can understand them better.
A. friends
B. brothers
C. sisters
D. parents
（
2
）
is very important to teenagers.
A. To make children choose
friends
B.
Communicating with their friends
C. To stop making friends
D. Making phone calls
（
3
）
When
teenagers have something difficult to say to their
parents, they usually .
A. stay alone at home
B. fight with their parents
C. discuss with their friends
D. go to their brothers or sisters for
help
（
4
）
The
underlined sentence
A. You
are welcome to discuss the questions with us.
B. Your answers are always
right.
C. We've got no idea,
so your answers are welcome. D. You can give
us all the right answers.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（<
/p>
2
）
B
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】文章大意：许多青
少年认为他们生活中最重要的人是他们的朋友。他们
相信他们的家人不像他们的朋友那样
了解他们。在大家庭里，兄弟姐妹经常互相打架，然
后他们只能去朋友那里寻求一些想法
。对青少年来说，有一个好朋友或一群朋友是很重要
的。即使他们没有和朋友在一起，他
们也经常花很多时间打电话。交流他们的感受。然
而，父母往往会为孩子选择朋友。有些
父母甚至可能阻止他们的孩子去见他们的好朋友。
你想过下列问题吗？谁选择你的朋友？
你选择你的朋友还是你的朋友选择你？你有父母不
喜欢的好朋友吗？欢迎回答。
（
1
）细节理解题，根据
They believe that their family members
don't know them as well
as their
friends do.
可知，年
轻人认为朋友们能更好的理解他们，故答案是
A
。
（
2
< br>）细节理解题，根据
The
communication
is
very
important
in
children's
growth,
可
< br>知，对于年轻人来说，与朋友交流时很重要的，故答案是
B
。
（
3
）细节理解题，根据
friends
can discuss some things that are difficult to say
to their
family members.
可知，年轻人跟自己的朋友谈一些难以对父母讨论的问题，故答案是
C
。
（
4
）句意猜测题，根据短文内容可知，本句话的意思是我们欢迎你的
回答来讨论这些问
题，故答案是
A
。<
/p>
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细
节理解题和句意猜测提。细节理解题可以直接从文中
寻找答案；句意猜测题则需要结合前
后文来理解句子深层次的意思。
5
．
阅读理解
Friends are important
to the children. Research shows that children who
have no friends can
suffer
from
difficulties
later
in
life.
Friendship
provides
children
with
more
than
just
fun.
By
making
friends, children learn how to get in touch with
others and solve problems. Having friends
even does good to children's study for
they can help each other after class.
If parents care about their
children whether they have made many friends, what
matters is that
the
child
is
comfortable
and
happy
with
his
friends.
Parents
need
to
understand
the
steps
children take in
building friendships.
First
of
all,
be
a
friend
of
your
child's.
Good
friendships
start
at
home.
Children
begin
to
develop the necessary ability to go out
and meet others through getting on with their
parents.
Greet the child warmly and let
him know you are glad to see him. Children learn a
lot from how
their parents stay with
them and other people.
Teach children how to solve conflicts. Being able
to work out conflicts is an important skill in
getting along with others. If parents
know the children have a conflict, let them work
it out on
their own. Only step in if it
is really necessary, for example, an argument is
getting physical.
Give
children
chances
to
practise
staying
together.
Make
children
play
games
that
require
teamwork
and
group
problem-solving
skills.
For
example,
races
are
fun
and
provide
plenty
of
practice in teamwork.
next
time?
For
these
ideas,
read
books
such
as
Cooperative
Sports
and
Games
Book
by
Terry
Orlick,
and Team Building Activities for Every Group by
Alanna Jones.
Encourage
children to express thanks to others. Parents can
encourage children to do this by
setting examples for them.
<
/p>
（
1
）
Acco
rding to the article, if one child has no friend,
he will .
A. have some troubles in the future
B. worry about everything in the
future
C. not know the
importance of making friends
D. not
find anybody to help him
（
2
）
Friendships can
be helpful to children EXCEPT .
A. providing a lot of fun
B. getting in touch with
others
C. solving problems
D. helping others to cheat in the exams
（
3
）
The
writer's purpose of writing the article is to
.
A. tell what
parents should do to help children make
friends
B. show having
friends even does good to children's study during
the classes
C. tell parents
to understand the steps of children's
friendships
D. show how
important friendships are to children
<
/p>
（
4
）
When
children have a conflict, parents should .
A. let them fight with each
other until they find who the winner is
B. do nothing to the children and
believe their abilities
C.
let them work it out by themselves and help if
necessary
D. talk with them
and try to find good ways to let them stay
together
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】文章大意：朋友对
孩子很重要。友谊给孩子们带来的不仅仅是乐趣。通
过交朋友，孩子们学会了如何与他人
联系和解决问题。有朋友甚至对孩子的学习有好处，
因为他们可以在课后互相帮助。作为
家长应学会如何帮助自己的孩子交朋友，本文就这问
题给我们提出了一些建议。
（
1
）细节理解题，根据
Research
shows
that
children
who
have
no
friends
can
suffer
from difficulties
later in life.
可
知，如果孩子没有朋友，在未来的生活中会遇到一些困难，
故答案是
A
。
（
2
）细节理解题，根据
Friendship provides children with more
than just fun. By making
friends,
children learn how to get in touch with others and
solve problems. Having friends
even
does good to children's study for they can help
each other after class.
可知，有
一可
以给孩子们带来更多的乐趣，学会如何跟别人相处，也可以帮着提高自己的学习成绩
，而
不会帮着别人在考试中作弊，故答案是
D
< br>。
（
3
）细节理解题，根据
Parents need to understand the steps
children take in building
friendships.
可知，文
章告诉家长该如何做来帮着孩子交朋友，故答案是
A
。
（
4
）细节理解题，根据
If parents know the children have a
conflict, let them work it out
on their
own.
可知，如果父母知道孩子们有了冲突，要让孩子们自
己解决，故答案是
C
。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和逻辑推理题。
细节理解题可以直接从文中
寻找答案。
6
．
阅读理解
Wang Yan, a 15-year-old
Chinese girl, likes eating snacks very much. She
prefers cream biscuits,
McDonald's
hamburgers and KFC chicken. As a result, she has
become overweight.
Today
in China, there are many children like Wang Yan.
Health experts say children should have
healthy
eating
habits.
First,
they
must
eat
regular
meals
and
begin
with
a
healthy
breakfast.
Second, they should have different
kinds of foods such as fruit, vegetables, grain,
eggs, milk and
meat. Third, children
shouldn't eat too much junk food. It is delicious,
but eating it often is bad
for their
health. If children do as the experts say, they
won't become overweight. They will be
healthier. Students won't become tired
at school, and they will have enough energy to
study hard.
（
1
）
Why
has Wang Yan become overweight?
A. Because she doesn't like
sports. B. Because she likes
eating vegetables.
C.
Because she likes eating snacks.
D. Because she likes eating fruit.
（
2
）
How
many pieces of advice do the health experts give
in this passage?
A. Two.
B. Three.
C. Four.
D. Five.
（
3
）
What kinds of food are
good for our health according to the passage?
A. Milk, fruit and KFC
chicken.
B. Cream biscuits,
McDonald's hamburgers and KFC chicken.
C. Packages of biscuits.
D. Fruit, vegetables, grain, eggs, milk
and meat.
（
4
）
If
we do as the experts say, we will be .
A. overweight
B. healthier
C. tired at school
D. confident
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（<
/p>
2
）
B
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】中国女孩王艳非常
喜欢吃小吃，她更喜欢奶油饼干、麦当劳食品、肯德
基鸡肉，结果她变的超重。健康专家
建议孩子们应该有健康的饮食习惯，并提出了三点建
议。
（
1
）细节
理解题。根据第一段
She
prefers
cream
biscuits,McDonald's
hamburgers
and
KFC
chicken.
可知，王
艳变胖的原因是她吃了很多零食、汉堡和炸鸡。故选
C
。
（
2
）细节理解题。根据第二段
First……
Second
……Third……
可知，专家给了三条建议：
1
．一日三餐有规律并且吃健康的早
餐，
2
．吃各种各样的食物，
3
．不吃太多的垃圾食品。
故选
B
。
（
< br>3
）推理判断题。根据
they
should
have
different
kinds
of
foods
such
as
fruit,
vegetables,
grain, eggs,
milk and meat.
可知，水果、蔬菜、粮食、鸡蛋、牛奶和肉但是健康
食品。故选
D
。
（
4
）细节
理解题。根据
If children do as the experts
say, they won't become overweight. They
will be healthier
，可知，听专家的话我们
就会更健康。故选
B
。
【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题要注意仔细阅读，从文中寻找
答案，推理判断题需要根据
短文内容介绍，并联系上下文，推出需要的信息。
7
．
阅读理解
The phenomenon
（现象）
of a bike rider getting
hit by an opening car door is so common
that it has its own term: dooring.
According to a study in
Chicago, as many as 1 in 5 bike accidents are
caused by car doors
—
in
total, there is nearly one dooring each
day in the Windy City
（
Chica
go
）
.
Even when the bike riders try to turn to the other
direction to escape from the opening doors,
they can end up getting hit by cars.
Then
how
can
we
reduce
such
kind
of
accidents?
Is
there
any
practical
way
to
solve
that
problem? Yes. It's the Dutch Reach,
which has been popular on the Internet recently.
The Dutch
Reach
is
a
practice
where
instead
of
using
your
near
hand
—
usually
the
driver's
left
hand
—
to
open your car door, you use your far
hand
—
your right hand.
By doing that, you will
turn your body around. And you turn your head and
shoulders back, so
you are looking
directly out. First, pass the rearview mirror. And
then, you are very easily able to
look
back
and
see
if
there
are
coming
bicycles
or
cars
or
anything
else.
The
simplicity
of
the
approach is part of its
intelligence.
（
1
）
What is dooring?
A. The opening of the car
door.
B. The accidents
caused by opening the car door.
C. That bike riders are hit by opening
car doors.
D. The accidents
that happened in the Windy City.
（
2
）
_________
_ of bike accidents are caused by dooring
according to the study.
A. 1%
B. 5%
C. 20%
D. 25%
（
3
）
Which hand do you use to
open the door in the Dutch Reach?
A. The left hand if I am
the driver.
B.
The right hand if I am the driver.
C. The right hand if I sit at the back.
D. The right hand if I sit next to the
driver.
（
4
）
What does the underlined phrase
A.
门把手
B.
雨刮器
C.
后视镜
D.
挡风玻璃
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（<
/p>
2
）
C
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】文章大意：骑自行
的人被打开的车门撞到是很普遍的现象，怎样避免这