2020年湖南中考英语语篇翻译专题练习
-
2020
年湖南中考英语语篇翻译专题练习
(
名师精选试题，建议下载练习
)
话题
1
事物
介绍
6
Passage 1
Some people have to use public
transport. Some dislike it and still some use it.
1. If everyone has a car and drives
anywhere
they want to go, there will be
serious
traffic problems on the road.
Luckily, trains are a good form of public
transport.
British
people
use
trains
a
lot.
2.
This
is
especially
so
for
people
who
are
travelling from London
to Paris. Every day about 20 trains leave London.
They travel
at
a
very
high
speed
and
people
feel
glad
that
the
trains
take
only
2
hours
and
30
minutes
to
reach
Paris.
3.
坐火车比乘公共汽车或汽车快得多。
This
is
because
people have to drive cars or buses very
carefully and slowly for many reasons, such as
speed limits and traffic jams. However,
when you are travelling by train, the speed is
almost the same and there is no traffic
jam for a train.
Besides, Londoners
think taking a train is one of the safest ways of
travelling on
the
ground.
4.
火车在制造过程中进行了相当多的质量测试。
More
importantly,
they will take many safety checks
before they are used on the rail track.
What's more, trains in Britain are
comfortable and provide fine services for their
—
1
—
users. 5. When you are on a London
train, you will find that the train has
comfortable
tables
and
seats
where
people
can
sit.
They
also
provide
food
services
and
power
plugs(
电源插头
) for
personal computers or mobile phones.
——
素材源自作业帮
1. ________________________
___________________________________________
2. ____________________________________
_______________________________
3. ____
__________________________________________________
_____________
4. ______________________
_____________________________________________
5. ____________________________________
_______________________________
Passage
1
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了英国人经常使用火车
作为他们的交通工具，因为他们认为火车是最安全的陆上交通，而且伦敦的火车
提供了非常舒服的座位和优质的服务。
1.
如果每个人都有一辆车，
并且开车他们想去的任何地方，
道路上就会出现严重
的交通问题。
【解析】这是一个条件状语
从句，主句是
“there will be serious traffic
pro
blems on the
road”
，从句是
“If everyone has a
car and drives anywhere they want
to go
”
，遵循
“
主将从现
< br>”
原则。
2.
对于从伦敦到巴黎旅行的人来说尤其如此。
【解析】
这是一个含有定语从句的
复合句，先行词是
people
，后面由
who
引导定语从句。
3. It's much faster to travel by
train than by bus or by car.
【解析】本句是一个固定
—
2
—
句型
“it's +
adj.
+ to do
sth.
”
。句中涉及比较级需用
than
；比
……
快：
faster
。
4. Trains take quite a
number of quality tests while they are made.
【解析】这是一个
由
while
引导的时间状语从句。
主句中
“Trains”
为主语，
“take”
为句子的谓语动词，
“quite a number
of”
作定语修饰
“quality tests”
，
while
引导从句。
5.
当你在伦敦火车上时，
你会发现
火车上有舒适的桌子和座位，
人们可以坐在那
里。【解析】这是
一个含有定语从句的时间状语从句。从句是
“When you are on a
London
train”
主句是
“you will find that
the train has comfortable tables and seats
where people can sit”
；在主句中又含
有一个定语从句，先行词是
tables and seats
，
后面由
where
引导定语从句。<
/p>
Passage 2
Each
culture has its own
taboos
（禁忌）
. Wherever you
travel, never offend
（冒
犯）
the local people.
In
France,
you
must
speak
French.
Don't
expect
to
communicate
by
speaking
English. 1.
法国人以他们的语言为荣。
They
don't like speaking another language
instead of French at home. Don't rush
while eating. 2.
If you eat your food
quickly,
French people will think you
are impolite. The French also take great pride in
their
food, so enjoy what you eat. 3.
众所周知，法国午餐要持续三个小时！
In Russia, you should leave home
without a credit card: you probably won't find
any
places
where
you
can
use
your
credit
card.
Cash
is
the
king.
4.
If
you
bring
someone
flowers, you should make sure the bouquets
（花束）
have an odd
（奇数
—
3
—
的）
number. Even
（偶数的）
numbered
bouquets are prepared for dead people.
In
India,
don't
complain
about
the
food.
You
can
just
leave
the
food
that
you
dislike,
but don't offend the people who serve you food. 5.
Also people usually don't
talk while
eating in India.
1. ___________________
________________________________________________
2. ____________________________________
_______________________________
3. ____
__________________________________________________
_____________
4. ______________________
_____________________________________________
5. ____________________________________
_______________________________
Passage
3
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了在法国、俄罗斯和印度这
三个国家的文化禁忌。
1. The French
are proud of their language.
【解析】这是一个简单句
。以
……
为荣：
be proud
of
。
2.
如果你吃得快，法国人会认为你不礼貌。
【解析】这是一个条件状语从句，主
句是
“French
people
will
think
you
are
impolite”
，从句是
“If
you
eat
your
food
quickly”
。
3. French lunches are known to last for
three hours long!
【解析】这是一个含有固定
搭配的简单句。众所周知：
be known
to...
；持续：
last
for
。
4.
如果你给别人送花，
你应该确保花束是奇数。
【解析】
这是一个条件状语从句，
—
4
—
主句是
“you
should
make
sure
the
bouquets
（花束）
have
an
odd
（奇数的）
number.”
，从句是
“If
you bring someone
flowers”
。
make sure
确保。
5.
此外，在印度，人们吃饭时通常不说话【解析】这是一个
while
< br>引导的时间状
语从句。
Passage 3
Every year on 15th
October, over 200 million people around the world
take part
in Global Handwashing Day. 1.
But why do we have a day for something we do all
the
time? Well, research shows that not
enough people often wash their hands with soap. 2.
Experts believe that this leads to the
deaths of millions of people every year.
Sidibe, a public health expert says
soap is ‘the most beautiful invention in public
health’.
3.
用肥皂洗你的手可以减少疾病的传播。
However,
washing hands with soap does not happen as often
as you might think.
This is partly
because there aren't enough
resources
（
资源）
in poorer countries, but it's
also because for many people,
handwashing is simply not part of their everyday
life.
4.
要让人们改变他们小时候学到的习惯是不容易的。
But
this
is
what
Global
Handwashing Day wants to do.
In 2008, the Indian cricket team joined
around 100 million Indian schoolchildren
in washing their hands to
promote
（促进）
the
first ever Global Handwashing Day.
Every year since then, many different
events have been held around the world. In 2014,
Global Handwashing Day was used in the
fight against Ebola, a very serious disease,
—
5
—
with events held in
affected
（受感染的）
African countries.
5.
Today,
local
and
national
leaders
continue
to
use
the
day
to
spread
the
importance of cleaning hands. The hope
is that handwashing becomes a necessary part
of people's lives and improves the
health of millions around the world.
1.
__________________________________________________
_________________
2. __________________
_________________________________________________
3. ____________________________________
_______________________________
4. ____
__________________________________________________
_____________
5. ______________________
_____________________________________________
Passage 3
【主旨大意】
本文
是一篇说明文。
主要介绍了每年十月十五日是洗手日。
进而介绍
了用肥皂洗手的重要性，让更多的人学会用肥皂洗手。
1.
但是为什么我们用一天的时间去做我们一直在做的事情呢？
【解
析】
这是一个
定语从句，先行词为
so
mething
，后面的句子
“we do all the
time”
为省略了
that
的
从句。
2.
专家
认为，这导致每年数百万人死亡。【解析】这是一个宾语从句。
“that this
leads to the deaths of millions of
people every year.”
作谓语动词
beli
eve
的宾语。
3.
Washing your hands with soap can reduce the
spreading of diseases.
【
解析】
这是一
个简单句，
非谓语动词做主语。
减少：
reduce
，
疾病的传播：
the spreading of
diseases
。
4. It's
not easy for people to change habits they learned
in early childhood.
【解析】
—
6
—
这是一个固定句型
“it's +
adj.
+ to do
sth.”
。
小时候：
in
early childhood
；
习惯：
habits
。
5.
今天，地方和国家领导人继续利用这一天来宣传洗手的重要性。【解析】
这是一个简单句。
主语为：
local
and national leaders
；
谓语为：
use
；
宾语为：
t
he day
，
宾语补足语为：
to
spread the importance of cleaning hands
。
local
：当地的。
Passage 4
If you plan to
travel, please think about Todmorden. A small town
in England is
teaching the world how
important it is to grow your own food. 1.
任何空地都用来种
植水果和蔬菜。
There are apples, pears, peaches here
and there. Everyone can pick
them for
free.
Eight years ago, a
woman named Pam in Todmorden dug up her rose
garden.
She
planted
vegetables,
knocked
down
the
garden
wall,
and
put
up
a
sign
saying,
“Help
yourself!”
Today,
Pam
has
completely
changed
the
town.
2.
A
new town
has
been born, which is called “Edible
(
可食用的
)
Todmorden”.
Pam
explained
why
she
came
up
with
the
popular
idea.
“It's
possible
and
positive. 3. Many people
know we have to change, but how to do that is a
question.
”
So one day, she
gathered
（聚集）
all
the villagers together. 4.
他们决定立刻做
些不同的事。
They did it. Only a short time later,
Todmorden became a big garden
full of
fruit and vegetables. In Todmorden, there is a
saying: If you want to eat, you're
in.
—
7
—
But
that's
not
all.
There
are
more
than
700
edible
towns
appearing
around
the
world,
from
Canada
to
Mali.5.
People
change
the
way
they
think
about
food
and
protect the environment at the same
time.
1. ______________________________
_____________________________________
2. ____________________________________
_______________________________
3. ____
__________________________________________________
_____________
4. ______________________
_____________________________________________
5. ____________________________________
_______________________________
Passage
4
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一个能吃的小镇
——“
托德莫
登
”
。它是由
Pam
女士发起并建立，并且
以
“
你想吃，你就进
”
作为座右铭。这不
仅对世界各地起到了积极的带头作用，而且对保护环境也是意
义非凡。
1. Any open space is
used to grow fruit and vegetables.
【解析】这
是一个简单句。被
用来做某事：
be used to do
sth.
。
2.
< br>一个新的城镇诞生了，叫做
“
可食用的
< br>Todmorden”
。【解析】这是一个定语从
句，先
行词为
town
，后面是
which<
/p>
引导的定语从句。
3.
许多人知道我们必须改变，但如何改变是一个问题。
【解析】这是一个宾语从
句，主语：
many people
；
谓语：
know
；宾语：
we
have to change
。句子的后半部
分是
but
连接的一个简单句，表示转折。
4. They decided to do something
different at once.
【解析】这是一个简单句。决定：
—
8
—
decide to
；不同的：
dif
ferent
；立即
at
once
。
5.
< br>人们改变了对食物的看法，同时也保护了环境。【解析】这是由并列连词
and<
/p>
连接起来的两个句子。
第一个句子是定语从句，
< br>先行词为
way
，
后面是省略了
that
的一个定语从句。
think
about
考虑；
protect
保护。
Passage 5
Now,
we
know
that
if
we
do
not
get
enough
vitamins,
we
are
at
risk
of
developing
a
number
of
diseases.
1.
As
a
result,
vitamin
supplements
(
补品
)
are
popular
with
people
who
worry
that
they
are
not
getting
enough
vitamins
from
the
food.
But medical experts have found small amount of
them
do nothing to improve
health or protect against diseases.
In
fact,
medical
experts
warn
that
taking
too
many
of
some
vitamins
can
be
harmful.
For
example,
too
much
vitamin
E
can
cause
bleeding.
2.
People
should
discuss
what
vitamins
they
take
with
their
doctors.
As
some
vitamins
can
produce
harmful side effects
(
副作用
) when mixed with
medicine.
Experts, however, say that
sometimes vitamins can help prevent diseases. 3. <
/p>
知
道自己缺乏一种特殊维生素的人应该服用维生素补品。
Some
older
adults,
for
example, may not have enough vitamin
B-twelve. This is because, as people get older,
the
body
loses
its
ability
to
take
it
from
food.
Also,
people
who
spend
much
time
inside
may need some extra vitamin D as the body makes
this vitamin from sunlight.
—
9
—
4.
不同的维生素被发现在不同的食物中。
In fact, for most people, a balanced
diet can reach enough of the vitamins
our bodies need. 5. So, it is important for us to
eat a mixture of food every day to make
sure that we get enough vitamins.
1. __
__________________________________________________
_______________
2. ____________________
_______________________________________________
3. ____________________________________
_______________________________
4. ____
__________________________________________________
_____________
5. ______________________
_____________________________________________
Passage 5
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍
了人们是否需要吃维生素补
品，以及在吃维生素补品之前，应先咨询医生，也介绍了各种
维生素分别存在于
哪些食物中。
1.
因此，维生素补品很受那些担心从食物中得不到足够的维生素的人们的欢迎。
【解析】这是一个含有宾语从句的定语从句。
先
行词为
people
，后面是
who<
/p>
引
导的定语从句。
在定语从句中，
含有一个
that
引导的宾语从句，
作谓语动词
worry
的宾语。
2.
人们应该和他们的医生讨论吃什么维生素。<
/p>
【解析】这是一个宾语从句。主语
为
Pe
ople
；谓语为
should discuss
；宾语为
what
引导的从句。
3.
People
who
know
they
are
short
of
a
special
vitamin
should
take
vitamin
supplements.
< br>【解析】这是一个定语从句，先行词为
people
，后
面是
who
引导的
—
< br> 10
—
一个定语从句。缺乏：
be short
of
。
4. Different
vitamins are found in different foods.
【
解析】
这是一个简单句。
被发现：
be found
。
5.
因此，
每天吃混合食物，
以确保我们获得足够的维生素对我们来说很重要。
【解
析】
这个句子前半部分是句型
“it's +
adj.
+ to do sth.
”
；
后半部分是目的状语。
make
sure
确保。
Passage 6
According to China
Daily, Shanghai Jiao Tong University has carried
out the
experimental operation of the
driver-less minibus in Xuhui campus recently. 1.
The
report said that the eight seat bus
was to be used for campus service. Since May 2nd,
the buses have safely transported more
than 1,000 passengers at the highest speed of
15 kilometers per hour. .
It
was developed by Shanghai Jiao Tong University and
a company that
researches the
automatic
（
自动的）
driving system. 2. Under the guidance
of the cloud
map, the bus can catch the
passengers and take them to the station they
choose.
Passengers need to pay by
scanning the QR code
（扫描二维码）
on the bus.
3.
徐汇
校区内有四个站点。
In the bus, passengers can use the
touch screen or the voice
system to
change the destination.
4.
这辆
公共汽车不仅在天气晴朗的时候运转良好。
It even can normally
work
when it rains or snows. What's
more, it is also good for the environment. It uses
—
11
—
electricity instead of oil. The
charging
（充电）
of
five to six hours will
ensure
（确保）
a whole day's
operation.
The driver-less bus will
make our life more convenient and easier. 5. There
is no
doubt that they will appear in
more and more cities.
1. ______________
__________________________________________________
___
2. ________________________________
___________________________________
3.
__________________________________________________
_________________
4. __________________
_________________________________________________
5. ____________________________________
_______________________________
Passage
6
【主旨大意】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了上海交通大学徐汇校区试行无
人驾驶巴士这一消息及无人巴士的运行模式。
1.
报告说，八个座位的巴士将用于校园服务。
【解析】这是一个宾
语从句，主语
为
report
；谓语为
said
，
that
< br>引导的句子作
said
的宾语。
be used for
用于
……
。<
/p>
2.
在云地图的引导下，
公共汽车可以接到乘客并把他们带到他们选择的车站。
【
< br>解
析】
guidance
引导；
cloud map
云地图；
take
sb. to the station
带某人到某个车站。
3. There are four stops in the Xuhui
campus.
【解析】这是一个
there be
句型。遵循
主将从现原则。站点：
stop
。
4. The bus not
only works well on fine
days
【解析】
work well
：工作状况良好。晴
朗的天气：
fine
day
。
—
12
—
5.
毫无疑问，它们将在越来越多的城市出现。【解析】
no doubt
毫无疑问的；
app
ear
出现；
more and more
越来越
……
。
< br>话题
2
咨询建议
4
Passage 7
Do you dream of
growing up quickly so you can spend your own
money? Do you
want to make some money
by yourselves?
Collect soft drink
cans(
罐
).
1.
你可以把饮料罐卖掉，用钱买一个新篮球上。
At the same time, you'll be keeping the
environment clean!
Sell used books.
2. You may have some books that you
have read but you don't want to keep. Then
you can sell them to make money.
Make cards.
3. If you are
good at drawing, try making special cards for
birthdays, either by
hand or with a
computer. Your friends may want them for special
days. 4.
如果你们
双方都同意的话，你可以低价卖给
他们。
Be a teacher.
—
13
—
Want to be a teacher in the future?
Start practicing now. Are you good at math or
reading, or playing musical
instruments? 5. You can teach younger children how
to get
better grades or give them music
lessons.
What are you good at? What do
you like to do? Make sure it's safe and
legal(
合
法的
).
1. ________________________
___________________________________________
2. ____________________________________
_______________________________
3. ____
__________________________________________________
_____________
4. ______________________
_____________________________________________
5. ____________________________________
_______________________________
Passage
7
【主旨大意】
本文是一篇说明文。
本
文就如何自己挣钱提出了几点建议。
1. You can
sell the cans and use the money for a new
basketball.
【解析】
这是一个简
单句，用钱买篮球：
use the money for a new
basketball
。
2.
你可能有一些你读过的书，但你不想保留了。
【解析】这是一个定语从句，
先行词为
some bo
oks
，后面为
that
引导的定语从
句。
3.
如果你擅长绘画，
试着为生日制作特别卡片，
无论是用手还是用电脑。
< br>【解析】
本句为
if
引导的条件
状语从句。从句为
“ If you are good
at
drawing”
；主句为
“try
making special cards for birthdays,
either by hand or with a
computer.”
。
4.
You can sell them your cards at a low price if
both of you agree.
【解析】
这是一个<
/p>
—
14
—
条件状语从句，遵循主将从现的原则。低价：
at a low
price
。
5.
你可以教年幼的孩子如何取得更好的成绩或给他们上音乐课。
【解析】
这是一
个含有宾语补足语的简单句。主语为
yo
u
，谓语为
teach
和
give
，宾语为
younger
chidren
，宾语补足语为
“
how to get better
grades”
和
“them music
lessons”
。
Passage
8
We often have practice for a fire at
school, and we all know the danger of fires. 1.
因此，
对于一个家庭来说，
学习如何为火灾
做准备是很有必要的。
Here are some
suggestions.
Put a smoke
alarm
（警报）
in the
house. Smoke from a fire causes the alarm to go
off. 2. The alarm makes a loud sound,
which tells everyone to leave the house at once.
Make escape plans. We should know all
the ways out of the house. If there is a
fire, everyone follows the plan to get
out. 3.
该计划的一部分是检查所有的窗口，
以
确保它们可以被轻松地打开。
Buy
fire extinguishers
（灭火器）
and
put them in the house. Everyone in the
family should know how to use them.
Practice for a fire. 4. We do fire
practice because we teach children some things
about fire safety. Everyone in the
family should know the following fire rules:
★
Don't open a hot door! The
fire can grow more quickly if you open the door.
★
Stay close to the floor!
Smoke can be more dangerous than fire. The best
air is
—
15
—
near the floor because smoke rises.
★
5. What will you do if your
hair or clothes start to burn? First, stop! Don't
run!
The fire burns faster because of
more air. Drop! Fall to the floor. Then roll!
Turning
over and over will make the
fire go out.
There are many possible
causes for fires. A wise family is ready for a
fire all the
time.
1. ____________________________________
_______________________________
2. ____
__________________________________________________
_____________
3. ______________________
_____________________________________________
4. ____________________________________
_______________________________
5. ____
__________________________________________________
_____________
Passage 8
【主旨大意
】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了预防火灾的建议以及火灾发生
时应遵循的规则。
1. So it's necessary for a
family to learn how to prepare for a fire.
< br>【解析】
本句是一个
固定句型
“
it's +
adj.
+ for
sb. to do
sth.”
；为火灾做准备：
prepare for a
fire
。
2.
< br>警报发出响亮的声音，
让每个人立刻离开房子。
【解析】
本句是一个定语从句。
先行词为
sou
nd
，后面为
which
引导的定语从
句。
3. Part of the plan is to
check all the windows to make sure they can be
opened easily.
【解析】本句是一个简单句，属于主系表结构，
“ to make sure they can be opened
—
16
—
easily”
属于目的状语。检查：
check
；确保：
make
sure
。
4.
< br>我们做防火练习是因为我们教孩子一些关于消防安全的东西。
【解析】
本句是
一个原因状语从句。后面的从句
“beca
use we teach children some things about fire
safety”
表示原因。
5.
如果你的头发或衣服开始燃烧，
你会怎么做？
【解析】
这是一个条件状语从句。
主句为
“What will you
do”
，从句为
“if your hair or
clothes start to burn”
。
Passage 9
People can't see
you when you're speaking on the phone, but they
can hear you. 1.
所以，你说话的方式尤其重要。
In
fact,
researchers
have
found
that
80%
of
communication over the phone is through
your tone
（语气）
of voice; and
only 20% is
from the words you use. 2.
Here are some tips on how to speak over the phone.
V
olume
（音量）
3. If you speak too loudly, you
could sound angry. And if you speak too softly,
it'll be difficult to hear you. So,
speak loudly enough to be heard clearly, but not
so
loud that you're shouting.
Pace
（步调）
4.
试着说得比平时慢一点。
This will make you sound confident, and
it'll make
it easier for the other
person to understand you.
Movement
—
17
—