这项幽默的研究不是一个简单的任务，

理由 是它是一个跨学科的

科学绘图在各种各样的学科，

包括生物学、

心理学、

社会学、

哲学、

地理、

历史、

语言、文学、教育、家庭科学和电影研 究等。此外，幽默有不同的原因和目的，

人们可能希望有点大男子主义，随机应变，似乎 是聪明，解决问题，使一个临界

点，加强治疗，或表达的东西不能以其他方式表达幽默的 方式。

Within the 20

th

century, linguistics has developed greatly in almost every area

of the discipline from sounds, words and sentences to meaning and texts. Meanwhile,

linguistic

studies

on

humor

have

also

extended

considerably

to

social,

cultural,

and

pragmatic concerns. One of the most noticeable achievements in linguistics over the

3

past

few

decades

is

the

development

of

pragmatics.

It

is

not

long

before

scholars

apply

pragmatics

into

humor

analysis.

The

purpose

of

this

thesis

is

to

exploit

the

mechanisms

of

the

generation

and

perception

of

humor

from

the

pragmatics

perspective. It is carried out with the help of the application of Cooperative Principles

and its maxims; Furthermore, the author also wants to probe into the obstacles which

prohibit

the

English

learners

from

understanding

and

appreciating

the

humorous

utterances in

Friends

as well as in daily life. Furthermore, the author wants to discuss

the possibility and effects of using humor in English teaching classes.

在

20

世纪，

语言学有了很大的发展，

几乎在每一个领域学科从声音、

单词

或句子的意 义和文本。与此同时，幽默的语言学研究有了很大的延伸到了社会、

文化、

务实的问题。

其中最显著的成就是在过去的几十年里，

在语言学中语用学

的发展，

这不是很久以前学者使用语用学里 幽默的分析报告。

本论文的目的是利

用从语用学的角度看幽默的 产生和感知的机制。

它进行的应用程序是在合作原则

和它的格言 下实施的，

此外，

作者也想探讨禁止的英语学习者的障碍，

理解和欣

赏的朋友，

以及在日常生活中的幽 默话语，

而且，

作者想讨论用幽默在英语教学

< br>中的可能性和影响。

4

The

significance

of

the

study,

First

of

all,

for

people

who

are

interested

in

humor and pragmatics or studying this topic, this thesis may be able to help them as a

means

of

reference

to

study

about

English

humor

as

well

as

its

relation

with

the

function of speech. Moreover, it is very interesting to study comedy film-sitcom, since

it can give different points of view in studying language. What the author means is

that mostly people observe the phenomena of language in serious or ordinary situation

but in comedic situation, there is a different set of situation where people sometimes

may act

uncooperatively or impolitely

to

achieve the humorous scene. This

kind

of

scene may look awkward and unusual, but it can also happen sometimes in real life,

whether the people realize it or not. The author also thinks it would be very interesting

to know the way in which humor is generated from the linguistic point of view. And

the humorous teaching approach would make a contribution to the students of English

learning by improving classroom

atmosphere, reducing

class tension and increasing

the

rapport between students and teacher

.

本研究的意义，首先，有兴趣的幽默和语用学研究这个主题的人，这篇论

文可能是作 为参考研究对英语幽默的关系以及与语音功能的一种手段，

能够帮助

他们。

再者，

研究喜剧电影是非常有趣的，

因为在学习语言中它可以有不同的观

点，作者的意思，在喜剧的情况下，大部分 人观察语言现象严重或普通，有一组

不同的情况下，

人们有时可 能会采取不合礼或不礼貌的对待，

以达到幽默的效果。

这样的情 景可能会显得尴尬和不寻常，

但它也可以发生，

在现实生活中的 人是否

意识到这一点，

作者也想知道从语言学的角度来看，

幽默产生的方式，

这将是非

常有趣，幽默的 教学方式，英语学习的学生，通过改善课堂的气氛，减少课堂的

紧张，增加学生和老师之 间的关系做出了贡献。

5

An introduction of

Friends

and humor

介绍朋友和幽默

A.A brief introduction to

Friends

简要介绍朋友

Friend

is

a

world

famous

American

sitcom

telling

of

the

stories

of

six

good

friends

and

their

respective

private

lives.

The

story

takes

place

in

Manhattan,

New

York.

It

presents

most

aspects

of

American

society,

for

example,

morality,

social

values,

family

values,

sex

values,

religion,

government,

institution,

education,

occupation,

etc.

and introduces

people of all

walks to

the

audiences,

from

cooks to

professors, from blue collars to white collars. And the most important feature for the

sitcom

is

its

humorous dialogues

among

the

characters.

The

sitcom

Friends

has

six

protagonists

who

recur

in

the

sitcom

all

the

way.

What

follows

is

a

general

introduction to them with the purpose to do better analysis on the humor in the sitcom.

朋友是世界著名美国情景剧讲述的六个好朋友和他们各自的私生活的故事。

这个故事发生在纽约曼哈顿，它提出了美国社会的许多方面，例如，道德观，社

会价值观，家庭观念，性价值观，宗教，政府，机构，教育，职业等等和向观众

介绍了 各界人士，

从厨师到教授，

从蓝领到白领阶层，

最重要的特点是它的幽默

情景喜剧人物之间的对话，情景喜剧朋友有六个主要人 物重现情景喜剧的方式，

以下是一般介绍他们的目的，做更好的分析情景喜剧中的幽默。

Rachel

Green,

she

runs

away

half

an

hour

before

her

wedding

and

goes

to

Monica for shelter

after the run away. Monica is her best friend in high school and

Monica‟s

brother

has

one

-sided

love

for

Rachel

for

many

years.

Besides,

their

families

are

old

family

friends

.In

order

to

be

independent

from

her

family,

Rachel

gets

her

first

job

as

a

waitress

at

the

café

named

Central

Perk

,which

they

visit

frequently .Later

Rachel

gets

the

appropriate

job

for

her

as

an

assistant

buyer

at

Bloomingdale‟s and Ralph Lauren for she has an exquisite taste for fashion. Rachel‟s

sense of humor has a childish flavor and that makes her very lovely.

6