英语形容词和副词的用法和练习题
-
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名词复习:选择最佳答案:
(
) 1. These ______ have saved many
children's lives.
A. woman doctors
B. women doctor
C. women
doctors
D. woman doctor
(
) 2. There are many
on the mountain.
A. apple
tree
B. apples trees
C. apples tree
D. apple
trees
(
) 3. This is
_______bedroom. The twin sisters like it very
much.
A. Anne and Jane
B. Anne's and Jane's
C.
Anne's and Jane
D. Anne and
Jane's
(
) 4. ---Are
there any _______ on the farm?
---Yes,
there are some.
A. horse
B. duck
C. chicken
D. sheep
(
)
5. ---What would you like to drink, _______ or
orange?
---Orange, please.
A. hamburger
B. chip
C. tea
D. cakes
(
) 6. --- They are
thirsty. Will you please give them ______ ?
--- Certainly.
A. some
bottles of waters
B. some bottles
of water
C. some bottle of water
D. some bottle of waters
(
) 7. Mike hurt one of his ______in the
accident yesterday.
A. tooth
B. feet
C. hand
D. ear
(
)8.
There is some _______ on the plate.
A.
cakes
B. meat
C.
potato
D. pears
(
)9. There are many _______ in the city.
A. Germen
B.
Germany
C. Germanys
D. Germans
(
)10. The______ has two _______ .
A. boys; watches
B. boy;
watch
C. boy; watches
D. boys; watch
(
)11. The little baby has two _______
already.
A. tooth
B.
tooths
C. teeth
D. teeths
(
)12. ---It's dangerous here. We'd
better go out quickly.
---But I think
we should let ______go out first.
A.
woman and children
B. women and
child
C. woman and child
D. women and children
(
)13. Are they going to have a party on
_______ ?
A. Children's Day
B. Childrens's Day
C.
Childrens Day
D. Children
Day
(
)14. His father
went to his doctor for _______about his trouble.
A .an advice
advice
C advices
D .the advices
(
)15. Swimming is
______in summer.
A .a great fun
fun
C .great funs
D .great a fun
(
)16. Is there ______on that plate?
chicken
chicken
chickens
D..any chickens
一
.
定义:
形容词
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用来修饰名词,表示人或事
物的性质、状态和特征的词,叫形容词。
二
.
形容词的作用,见下表
:
作
用
例
句
定
语
You
can see a lot of beautiful flowers in the garden.
表
语
Your coat is too small.
宾语补足
The old woman keeps
everything clean and tidy.
语
注意:
有些形容词只能作表语,如:
alone, afraid,
asleep
等。
例如:
Don't wake the
sleeping baby up. He is asleep.
The old
man is alone.
形容词用来修饰
something, anything,
nothing,
everything
等不定代词,要放在这些词的后面。
例如:
You'd better tell us something
interesting.
The police found nothing
strange in the room.
多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是:
1
)
冠词或人称代词
2
)数词
3
)性质
4
)大小
5
)
形状
6
)表示老少,新旧
7
)颜色
8
)事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。
例如:
His grandpa still lives in this small
short house.
他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。
The woman bought two
beautiful Chinese plates.
那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。
形容词名词化:有些形容词前加定
冠词后变成名词,表示一类人,谓语常用复数。这类词有:
rich / poor;
good / bad young / old healthy / ill living
/ dead black / white (
表示人种等
)
。
例如:
The young should take good care of the
old.
年轻人应该好好照顾老人。
形容词短语做定语时要后置。
如:
They are the students easy to teach.
他们是很容易较的学生。
We live in a house much
larger than yours.
我们住的房子比你们的大得多。
<
/p>
else
要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后
。
如:
Did you see anybody else?
你看到别的人了吗?
三.以
-ly
结尾的形容词
1
)
p>
大部分形容词加
-ly
可构成副词。但
p>
friendly
,
deadly
,
lovely
,<
/p>
lonely
,
likely
,
lively
,
ugl
y
,
brotherly
,仍为形容词
。
Her
singing was lovely.
He spoke to me in a very friendly way.
2
)
有些以
-ly
结尾既为形容词,也为副词,如
daily
,
weekly
,
monthly
,
yearly
,
early
等
。
The Times is a
weekly paper.
《时代周刊》为周刊。
The Times is
published weekly.
《时代周刊》每周发行一期。
副词
一
.
定义
:
副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结构。
二
.
副词的位置
:
1
)
在实义动词之前。
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2
)
p>
在
be
动词、助动词之后。
3
)
多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后。
注意:
a.
大多数方式副词位于句尾,但
宾语过长,副词可以提前,以使句子平衡。例如:
We
could see very clearly a strange light ahead of
us.
我们清楚地看到前面有奇怪的光。
b.
方式副词
well
,
< br>badly
,
hard
等只放在
句尾。例如:
He speaks
English well.
他英语说得好。
三
.
副词的排列顺序:
1
)
时间,地点副词,小单位的在前,大单位在后。
2
)
方式副
词,短的在前,长的在后,并用
and
或
but
等连词连接。例如:
Please write slowly and carefully.
请写得慢一些,仔细一些
3
)
多个不
同副词排列:程度
+
地点
+
方式
+
时间副词。
注意:副词
very
可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。
改错:
(错)
I very like English.
(对)
I
like English very much.
注意:
副词
enough
要放在形容词的后面,形容词
enough
放在名词前后都可。
例如:
I don't know him well
enough.
他我不熟悉。
There is enough
food for everyone to
eat.
有足够的食物供每个人吃。
四
.
兼有两种形式的副词
1
)
close
与
closely
close
意思是
近
;
closely
意思是
仔细地
。例如:
He is sitting close to me.
他就坐在我边上。
Watch him closely.
盯着他。
2
)
late
与
lately
p>
late
意思是
晚
;
lately
意思是
最近
。例如:
You
have come too late.
你来得太晚了。
What have you been doing
lately?
近来好吗?
3
)
deep
与
deeply
p>
deep
意思是
深
,表示空间深度;
deeply
时常表示感情上的深度,
深深地
。例如:
He pushed the stick deep into the
mud.
他把棍子深深插进泥里。
Even father was deeply moved by the
film.
老爸也被电影深深打动了。
4
)
high
与
highly
p>
high
表示空间高度;
highly
p>
表示程度,相当于
much
。例如:
The plane was
flying high.
这架飞机飞得很高。
I think highly of your
opinion.
你的看法很有道理。
5
)
wide
与
widely
p>
wide
表示空间宽度;
widely
p>
意思是
广泛地
p>
,
在许多地方
p>
。例如:
He
opened the door wide.
他把门开得大大的。
English is widely used in the
world.
英语在世界范围内广泛使用。
6
)
free
与
freely
p>
free
的意思是
免费
;
freely
的意思是
无限制地
。例如:
You can eat
free in my restaurant whenever you
like.
无论什么时候,我这饭铺免费对你开放。
五.各种类型副词的位置
英语中副词的位置和汉语不尽相同
,它的位置比较灵活。通常用作状语修饰动词、形容词、副
词等。下面来介绍一下副词的
分类方法:
多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面。
如:
He runs slowly.
他跑的很慢。
时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末。
如:
They went to the park yesterday
morning.
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昨天上午他们去公园了。
I heard him sing English
songs over there.
我听见他在那边唱英语歌曲。
注意:
有
时表示时间的副词也可放在句首,起强调作用
。如:
Yesterday I got
up late.
昨天我起床很晚。
频度副词一般放在
be
动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后,实义动词之前
如:
He
is seldom ill.
他很少生病。
You must always remember this.
你一定要记住这一点。
I often write to my parents.
我经常写信给父母。
注意:
有时为了加强语气,频度副词也可放在句首。如:
Sometimes she
goes to school by bus and sometimes she goes to
school by bike.
有时她乘公共汽车上学,有时骑自行车去。
程度副词修饰动词时,与频度副词
相同,修饰形容词和副词时,放在它所修饰的词前面。
如:
I nearly missed the bus.
我几乎错过了公交车。
否定副词一般放在动词之前、系动词
be
或助动词
之后。
如:
She seldom goes out at
night.
她晚上很少出门。
I am never late for school.
我上学从不迟到。
疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首。
如:
When can you
come?
你什么时候来?
还有
what
,
how
,
why
,
how
many
等词
同时存在时间状语和地点状语时,时间状语一般放在后面。<
/p>
如:
The meeting will be held in the
classroom tomorrow.
明天会议将在教室里举行。
注:有些词既可用做形容词也可副词。如:
late,
wide, well, fast, easy, early
等
The road is so wide that 8 buses can go
throw it at a time.
Open your mouth
wide.
形容词和副词的辨析
一
形容词变副词的规律
a.
一般的形容词在结尾加
ly
变为副词。例如:
careful-
carefully
b.
以元音加
e
结尾的单词要去
e
< br>在加
ly
。例如:
true-
truly
c.
辅音加
y
结尾的单词去
y
变
p>
i
在加
ly
。例如
:
angry-angrily
d.
单音节
y
结尾直接加
< br>ly
。例如:
shy-shyly
e.
以
le
结尾的单词直接将
e
变为
y
。例如:
terrible-terribly
f.
形容词、副词同形:
hard, fast,
friendly, late, early, lovely, long
。这部分
请同学们注意,其
中很多单词加
ly
之
后就变成其他意思的单词了。例如:
hardly
就变成
“
几乎不
”
的意思,
是小学阶段五大隐形否定词(
few
,
little, never, seldom,
hardly
)之一。