英语形容词和副词的用法和练习题

玛丽莲梦兔
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2021年02月20日 07:24
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2021年2月20日发(作者:腰鼓表演)


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名词复习:选择最佳答案:



(


) 1. These ______ have saved many children's lives.


A. woman doctors


B. women doctor


C. women doctors


D. woman doctor


(


) 2. There are many


on the mountain.


A. apple tree


B. apples trees


C. apples tree


D. apple trees


(


) 3. This is _______bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.


A. Anne and Jane


B. Anne's and Jane's


C. Anne's and Jane


D. Anne and Jane's


(


) 4. ---Are there any _______ on the farm?


---Yes, there are some.


A. horse


B. duck


C. chicken


D. sheep


(


) 5. ---What would you like to drink, _______ or orange?


---Orange, please.


A. hamburger


B. chip


C. tea


D. cakes


(


) 6. --- They are thirsty. Will you please give them ______ ?


--- Certainly.


A. some bottles of waters


B. some bottles of water


C. some bottle of water


D. some bottle of waters


(


) 7. Mike hurt one of his ______in the accident yesterday.


A. tooth


B. feet


C. hand


D. ear


(


)8. There is some _______ on the plate.


A. cakes


B. meat


C. potato


D. pears


(


)9. There are many _______ in the city.


A. Germen


B. Germany


C. Germanys


D. Germans


(


)10. The______ has two _______ .


A. boys; watches


B. boy; watch


C. boy; watches


D. boys; watch


(


)11. The little baby has two _______ already.


A. tooth


B. tooths


C. teeth


D. teeths


(


)12. ---It's dangerous here. We'd better go out quickly.


---But I think we should let ______go out first.


A. woman and children


B. women and child


C. woman and child


D. women and children


(


)13. Are they going to have a party on _______ ?


A. Children's Day


B. Childrens's Day


C. Childrens Day


D. Children Day


(


)14. His father went to his doctor for _______about his trouble.


A .an advice


advice


C advices


D .the advices


(


)15. Swimming is ______in summer.


A .a great fun


fun


C .great funs


D .great a fun


(


)16. Is there ______on that plate?


chicken


chicken


chickens


D..any chickens














.


定义:



形容词



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用来修饰名词,表示人或事 物的性质、状态和特征的词,叫形容词。




.


形容词的作用,见下表













































You can see a lot of beautiful flowers in the garden.









Your coat is too small.


宾语补足


The old woman keeps everything clean and tidy.




注意:



有些形容词只能作表语,如:


alone, afraid, asleep


等。


例如:





Don't wake the sleeping baby up. He is asleep.


The old man is alone.





形容词用来修饰


something, anything, nothing, everything


等不定代词,要放在这些词的后面。



例如:





You'd better tell us something interesting.


The police found nothing strange in the room.



多个形容词做定语时排列的先后顺序是:


1



冠词或人称代词



2


)数词



3


)性质



4


)大小



5



形状



6


)表示老少,新旧



7


)颜色



8


)事务、质地、人的国籍、用途。



例如:





His grandpa still lives in this small short house.




他爷爷还住在这个矮小的房子里。





The woman bought two beautiful Chinese plates.


那个妇女买了两个漂亮的中国盘子。






形容词名词化:有些形容词前加定 冠词后变成名词,表示一类人,谓语常用复数。这类词有:


rich / poor; good / bad young / old healthy / ill living / dead black / white (


表示人种等


)




例如:





The young should take good care of the old.




年轻人应该好好照顾老人。



形容词短语做定语时要后置。



如:





They are the students easy to teach.




他们是很容易较的学生。





We live in a house much larger than yours.


我们住的房子比你们的大得多。



< /p>


else


要放在疑问代词或复合不定词之后




如:





Did you see anybody else?


你看到别的人了吗?




三.以


-ly


结尾的形容词




1




大部分形容词加


-ly


可构成副词。但



friendly


deadly



lovely


,< /p>


lonely



likely

< p>


lively



ugl y



brotherly


,仍为形容词 。









Her singing was lovely.








He spoke to me in a very friendly way.



2



有些以


-ly


结尾既为形容词,也为副词,如


daily



weekly



monthly



yearly



early










The Times is a weekly paper.


《时代周刊》为周刊。









The Times is published weekly.


《时代周刊》每周发行一期。





副词




.



定义


:



副词主要用来修饰动词,形容词,副词或其他结构。





.


副词的位置



:






1




在实义动词之前。




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2





be


动词、助动词之后。








3




多个助动词时,副词一般放在第一个助动词后。






注意:






a.


大多数方式副词位于句尾,但 宾语过长,副词可以提前,以使句子平衡。例如:







We could see very clearly a strange light ahead of us.


我们清楚地看到前面有奇怪的光。






b.


方式副词


well


< br>badly



hard


等只放在 句尾。例如:







He speaks English well.


他英语说得好。






.


副词的排列顺序:







1




时间,地点副词,小单位的在前,大单位在后。







2




方式副 词,短的在前,长的在后,并用


and



but


等连词连接。例如:








Please write slowly and carefully.


请写得慢一些,仔细一些







3




多个不 同副词排列:程度


+


地点


+

< p>
方式


+


时间副词。




注意:副词


very


可以修饰形容词,但不能修饰动词。







改错:


(错)



I very like English.








(对)



I like English very much.



注意: 副词


enough


要放在形容词的后面,形容词


enough


放在名词前后都可。



例如:










I don't know him well enough.


他我不熟悉。










There is enough food for everyone to eat.


有足够的食物供每个人吃。






.


兼有两种形式的副词






1




close



closely








close


意思是






closely


意思是



仔细地



。例如:








He is sitting close to me.


他就坐在我边上。








Watch him closely.


盯着他。






2




late



lately






late


意思是






lately

意思是



最近



。例如:








You have come too late.


你来得太晚了。








What have you been doing lately?


近来好吗?






3




deep



deeply






deep


意思是





,表示空间深度;


deeply


时常表示感情上的深度,



深深地



。例如:








He pushed the stick deep into the mud.


他把棍子深深插进泥里。








Even father was deeply moved by the film.


老爸也被电影深深打动了。






4




high



highly






high


表示空间高度;


highly


表示程度,相当于


much


。例如:








The plane was flying high.


这架飞机飞得很高。








I think highly of your opinion.


你的看法很有道理。






5




wide



widely






wide


表示空间宽度;


widely


意思是



广泛地





在许多地方



。例如:








He opened the door wide.


他把门开得大大的。








English is widely used in the world.


英语在世界范围内广泛使用。







6




free



freely






free


的意思是



免费




freely


的意思是



无限制地


< p>
。例如:







You can eat free in my restaurant whenever you like.


无论什么时候,我这饭铺免费对你开放。




五.各种类型副词的位置





英语中副词的位置和汉语不尽相同 ,它的位置比较灵活。通常用作状语修饰动词、形容词、副


词等。下面来介绍一下副词的 分类方法:




多数副词都可以放在它所修饰的动词后面。


如:





He runs slowly.




他跑的很慢。





时间副词、地点副词和方式副词一般放在句末。


如:





They went to the park yesterday morning.


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昨天上午他们去公园了。





I heard him sing English songs over there.




我听见他在那边唱英语歌曲。








注意:




有 时表示时间的副词也可放在句首,起强调作用


。如:





Yesterday I got up late.




昨天我起床很晚。





频度副词一般放在


be


动词、情态动词及第一个助动词之后,实义动词之前





如:


He is seldom ill.






他很少生病。







You must always remember this.







你一定要记住这一点。







I often write to my parents.







我经常写信给父母。






注意:



有时为了加强语气,频度副词也可放在句首。如:





Sometimes she goes to school by bus and sometimes she goes to school by bike.




有时她乘公共汽车上学,有时骑自行车去。





程度副词修饰动词时,与频度副词 相同,修饰形容词和副词时,放在它所修饰的词前面。


如:







I nearly missed the bus.








我几乎错过了公交车。


< p>
否定副词一般放在动词之前、系动词


be


或助动词 之后。


如:





She seldom goes out at night.




她晚上很少出门。





I am never late for school.





我上学从不迟到。





疑问副词放在特殊疑问句的句首。


如:





When can you come?




你什么时候来?



还有


what



how



why



how many


等词





同时存在时间状语和地点状语时,时间状语一般放在后面。< /p>


如:





The meeting will be held in the classroom tomorrow.




明天会议将在教室里举行。



注:有些词既可用做形容词也可副词。如:


late, wide, well, fast, easy, early






The road is so wide that 8 buses can go throw it at a time.


Open your mouth wide.







































形容词和副词的辨析






形容词变副词的规律



a.



一般的形容词在结尾加


ly


变为副词。例如:


careful- carefully


b.



以元音加


e


结尾的单词要去


e

< br>在加


ly


。例如:


true- truly


c.



辅音加

< p>
y


结尾的单词去


y



i


在加


ly


。例如 :


angry-angrily


d.



单音节


y


结尾直接加

< br>ly


。例如:


shy-shyly


e.




le


结尾的单词直接将


e


变为


y


。例如:


terrible-terribly


f.



形容词、副词同形:


hard, fast, friendly, late, early, lovely, long


。这部分 请同学们注意,其


中很多单词加


ly


之 后就变成其他意思的单词了。例如:


hardly


就变成



几乎不



的意思,


是小学阶段五大隐形否定词(


few



little, never, seldom, hardly


)之一。


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