中考英语形容词副词的比较级&最高级专项讲解+习题+答案

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2021年02月20日 07:36
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2021年2月20日发(作者:向上吧诗词)





中考英语专项讲解


+


习题


+

< p>
答案:形容词副词的比较级和最高级




一、形容词的比较等级和最高等级:



(一)形容词的比较级和最高级的构成



规则变化:







1


.单音节词和少数双音节词的比较级和最高级的构成



情况



一般情况




e


结尾的词



构成方式




-er



-est



-r



-st


原级



new


long


fine


late



比较级



newer


longer


finer


later


earlier


happier


hotter


thinner


fatter


最高级



newest


longest


finest


latest


earliest


happiest


hottest


thinnest


fattest




辅音


+y”


结尾的词




y



i


再加


-er



-est


early


happy


重读闭音节的词末尾只有


先双写辅音字母,再加


-er


hot


一个辅音字母




-est


thin


fat


2




多音节词和部分双音节词在其前面加


more

< br>或



most


。如:






原级



比较级



最高级







useful










more useful









most useful







difficult










more difficult









most difficult









delicious










more delicious








most delicious


【重点】



3


.有几个形容词的比较级和最高级属于不规则变化:



原级



good / well


bad / ill


many / much


little


old


far


比较级



better


worse


more


less < /p>


older


(新旧或年龄)


/elder


(兄


弟姐妹的长幼关系)



最高级



best


worst


most


least


oldest/ eldest


farther


(表示距离,


译为



更远< /p>




farthest/ furthest


/ further


(表示程度,


译为



进一


步的






(二)



形容词比较级的用法








1


.形容词的比较级可以单独使用:












Be more careful next time.


下次小心点。











Which book is better?


哪本书更好?



2


.也可以和


than


连用,表示 两者相比,


than


后可以跟:



a.


名词或代词:



He is older than me / I .


他年龄比我大。






b.


动名词:


Skiing is more exciting than skating.


滑雪比滑冰更刺激。



c.


从句:



I was a better singer than he was.


我唱歌比他好。



(三)



形容词比较级的修饰语







修饰形 容词


,


副词比较级的常用修饰词有


:n o, a little, a bit, much, even, still, a lot, a great deal, far,


by far, rather, any



.


1)



只用于修饰比较级的:



much;still;even


2)



既可以修饰比较级又可以修饰原级的:


a little; a bit; rather






3)


< /p>


在这些词中


,


其中


no


在修饰比较级时


,


在意义上否定 两者


,


表示前者在某方面不比后者强多少


.





He is no richer than Peter.


他不比彼得富裕多少


.=He is as poor as Peter.





他和彼得一样穷


.


表示前者比后者强一点时

< p>
,


通常采用


a little,a bit



.





The room is a bit larger than that one.


这个房间比那个稍大一点


.


4)



表示前者比后者强很多时


,


通常采用


much,even,still



.(still


修饰形容词


,


副词的比较级时


,


可 以位于




比较级之前或之后


.)





He works still harder than ever. =He works harder still than ever.


他比以往更加努力学习了


.


5)



表示前者在某方面远远地超过对 方时


,


通常采用


far,by far,a lot,a great deal



.





Matters are a lot better than ever before.


情况远远比以往好


.


6)



在否定句


,


疑问句或条件状语从句中


,


修饰形 容词


,


副词的比较级


,


只能用


any


来修饰


.





He can't jump any higher.


他不能跳得更高了


.





Can he jump any higher?


他能跳得更高一些吗


?





Do you feel any better today?


你今天感觉好一点了吗?






If you can jump any higher, I will give you a prize.


如果你 能跳得更高些


,


我就奖励你


.


7)



比较级前还可加其他表示数量的词:





My sister is ten years younger than me.


我妹妹比我小十岁。



典型例题


:






1




---- Are you feeling ____?







---- Yes



I'm fine now.



A. any well



B. any better



C. quite good



D. quite better






答案:


B. any


可修饰比较级,


quite


修饰原级,


well


的比较级为


better.


2



The experiment was____ easier than we had expected.






A.



more




B.



much more





C.



much





D.



more much


答案:


C.



much


可修饰比较级,因此


B



C


都说得通,但


easier


本身已是比较级,不需


more


,因此


C


为正确答案。



3



If there were no examinations, we should have ___ at school.




A. the happiest time




B. a more happier time




C. much happiest time




D.



a much happier time


答案:


D
















































2












4



Your house is ______ bigger than ours.


A. Two time




B. Second time



C. Two times




times


答案:


D




【难点】



(四)形容词比较级的特殊用法



1< /p>


.和


more


有关的词组





1)



the more…the more…




……

< br>就越


……


。例如:







The harder you work



the greater progress you'll make.


越努力,进步越大。



2)



no more than




一样。例如:






The officials could see no more than the Emperor


.



官员们看到的和皇帝一样多。



3




more than



超过,不只是。例如:













There are more than two thousand people in the hall.








2


.和


le ss


有关的词组












1) less than


不到



不太:















It was ready in less than a week.












2) no less than


多达



不少于














No less than 2 million people came.


至少来了


2< /p>


百万人。












3) more or less


基本上



大体上



大约















The work is more or less finished.


这项工作基本上完成了。







3


.还有


as +


形容词或副词原级



+ as












1)



A be as...as B



.. .


一样












2)



A



be


not …so/as…as


B


。< /p>


A



B


不一样,


A


比不上


B












He cannot run so/as fast as you.


他没你跑得快。












3)



as… as


中间有名词时采用以下格式:




as +


形容词


+ a +


单数名词


/







This is as good an example as the other is.


这个例子和另外一个一样好。




as + manymuch +


可 数名词


/


不可数名词。














I can carry as much paper as you can.


你能搬多少纸,我也能。












3)


表示倍数的词或其他程度副词做修饰语时,放在


as


的前面。例如:

















This room is twice as big as that one.




=This room is two time big as that one.




=This room is two times bigger than that one.


这房间的面积是那间的两倍。















Your room is the same size as mine.



你的房间和我的一样大。



(五)



形容词最高级用法



1



the +


最高级



+


比较范围







1


)形容词最高级前通常必须用定冠词



the


,例如:









The Sahara is the biggest desert in the world.


撒哈拉沙漠是世界上最大的沙漠。









[


说明


]


形容词


most


前面没有


the


,不表示最高级的含义,只表示



非常



。例如:







It is a most important problem. =It is a very important problem.


这是个很重要的问题。










注意


:使 用最高级要注意将主语包括在比较范围内。









(错)



Tom is the tallest of his three brothers.








(对)



Tom is the tallest of the three brothers.






2




下列词可修饰最高级,


by far


, far


, much, mostly, almost


。例如:






This hat is nearly / almost the biggest.


这帽子差不多是最大的了。















































3






















注意


:序 数词通常只修饰最高级。例如:











Africa is the


second


largest continent.


非洲是第二大洲。



3




最高级的意义有时可以用比较级表示出来。例如:














Mike is the most intelligent in his class.


或者:













=Mike is more intelligent than any other students in his class.


(六)形容词最高级的特殊用法







1.


形容词最高级可用作表语,这时定冠词


the


可以省略。









例句:


I think her plan is best.


我认为她的计划最好。






2.


形容词最高级还可和


at


构成许多短语作状语,如



at best, at least, at most


等。








例句:


I’ll be with you at latest by ten.



我最迟十点钟就来陪你。




【基础练习】



(



C ) 1 Your room is _______ than mine.








A. three time big










B. three times big





C. three times bigger







D. bigger three times




(



C ) 2 When spring comes, it gets_______.








A. warm and warm











B. colder and colder




C. warmer and warmer








D. shorter and shorter




(



C )3 ______ he read the book, _______ he got in it.









A. The more; the more interesting




B. The less; the more interesting









C. The more; the more interested





D. More; more interested





(



A)4 I like______ one of the two books.








A. the older




B. oldest






C. the oldest




D. older




(



B ) 5 Which do you like _______, tea or coffee?








A. well






B. better






C. best





D. most




(



D ) 6 This work is _______ for me than for you.








A. difficult




B. most difficult



C. much difficult




D. more difficult




(



C ) 7 Who jumped_______of all?








A. far




B. farther




C. farthest




D. the most far




(



D ) 8 Li Lei is_______ student in our class.








A. tall





B. taller





C. tallest





D. the tallest




(



C ) 9 Tom is one of _______ boys in our class.








A. tallest




B. taller




C. the tallest




B. the tall




(



B ) 10 English is one of_______ spoken in the world.








A. the important languages






B. the most important languages









C. most important language






D. the most important language




( D



)12 I'm not ________ to lift the heavy box.








A. short enough





B. enough tall





C. health enough





D. strong enough




(




C)13 Which is_______, Li Lei or Wu Tong?








A. strong




B. strongest




C. stronger




D. the strongest




(



C )14 Do you have _______ to tell us?








A. something new




B. new something




C. anything new




D. new anything




(




C) 15. Most of the people in Guangdong are getting ______.




A. more and rich







B. more rich and more rich




C. richer and richer






D. rich and rich
















































4












二、副词的比较等级和最高等级:



(一)



概念:


副词和形容词一样,也有原级、比较级和最高级三个等级。其构成方式有规则变化和不规则变化


两种情况。规则变化的一般规律是:单音节词的比较级和最高级在词尾加


-er



-est;


多音节词以及


-ly


结尾的副词



e arly


除外)



前面加


more



most.


。< /p>


不规则的变化式只能采用



各个击破



的办法去记忆。



1


)规则变化





原级




soon



loud



fast



wide



early



happily



carefully


2


)不规则变化



原级



well


badly


little


much


far


比较级



better


worse


less


more


farther



距离




furthe r



程度




最高级



best


worst


least


most


farthest


furthest




比较级




sooner



louder



faster



wider



earlier



more happily



more carefully



最高级




soonest



loudest



fastest



widest



earliest



most happily



most carefully


(二)副词的比较级的用法



1


、单独使用:






Try to do better next time.


下次争取干好一点。






He’ll come back sooner or later.



他迟早会回来的。






Please speak more slowly.


请讲慢一点。


< br>2


、和


than


一起使用:






He swims better than I do.


他游泳游得比我好。






Can you do any better than that?


你能不能干的好一些?






He arrived earlier than usual.


他到的比平时早。



3


、比较级前可有状语修饰:



You must work


much


faster


.


你必须大大加快干活的速度。



Can you come over


a bit


more quickly?


你能稍稍快点来吗?



4. as…as



not so…as


结构



这两个结构也可结合副词使用:



1




as…as


可用在肯定句中,表示






一样< /p>



,后面的副词要用原级:





She can run as fast as a deer


.


她能跑的像鹿一样快。



2

< p>
)在否定句中,


as…as


so…as


都可以用:





I don’t go there as much as I used.


我现在到那里不象过去那么多了。





I didn’t do as(so) well as I should.



我做的不如我应做的那么好。



3


)这种句子中也可以有一个表示程度的状语:




She can read twice as fast as he does.


她阅读的速度比他快一倍。





(三)副词最高级的用法:副词最高级可修饰动词,前面多数 不带定冠词


the:



He laughs best who laughs last. (


谚语


)


谁笑在最后谁笑的最好。



Of the four of us, I sang (the) worst.


我们四人中我唱的最差。
















































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