外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳.doc
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外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳
一、时态
1.
一般现在时
(1)
表示经常发生的动作或事情，通常用
“
usually
通常
, often
常常
, every,
每
,, sometimes
有时，
always
总是
,
”
等词。
(2)
基本结构
:
主语
I
/ You / We / They /He / She / It
肯定句
：主语
+
动词原形或动词第三人称单数形式
否定句
：主语
+
don
’
t +
动词原形
或者
doesn
’
t +
动原
一般疑问句
(Yes/No)
Do, ? Yes, I do. No,I don
’
t.
Does,(
动词原形
),? Yes,he/she does.
No,he/ she doesn
’
t.
特殊疑问句
What do ,?
How does she,(
动词原形
),?
(3)
动词第三人称单数形式
(
同名词单数变成复数方法相同
)
1
．
一般情况
+s
如
:walk-walks
2.
辅音字母
+y
结尾
去
y +ies fly-flies
3.
结尾是
s, x
，
sh, ch +es
watch-watches
4.
结尾是
0 +es do-
does, go-goes
5.
特殊
have-has
2
．现在进行时
(1)
表示正在发生的动作，通常用
“
now
现在
, look
看，
linsen
听
”
.
(2)
基本形式
: be +
动词
-ing
eg: I am(not) doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not) reading. He/She/It
is(not) eating.
What are you doing? Is
he reading?
(3)
动词的现在分词形式
(
动词
+ing)
一般情况
+ing walk
—
walking
结尾是不发音的
e -e +
ing come
—
coming
重读闭音节
双写最后一个字母
+ing
swim-swimming run-running
3.
一般过去时
(1)
表示过去已经发生的事情
,
通常用
“
last ,
上一个
,, just now
刚才
,
many years
ago
许多年前，
yesterday
昨天
”
等词。
(2) be
动词的过去式
: am/is
—
was are
—
were
(3)
过去式基本结构
肯定句
：主语
+
动词过去式
I went
shopping last night.
否定句
：主语
+ d idn
’
t +
动词原形
I didn
’
t go shopping last night.
一般疑问句
(Yes/No)
Did ,+
动词原形
,?
Did you go shopping last night?
特殊疑问句
(wh-) What
did,+
动词原形
,?
What
did you do last night?
(4)
动词过去式的变化
:
规则动词的变化
:
(1)
一般动词
+ed planted,watered,climbed
(2)
以不发音的
e
结尾
+d liked tied
(3)
辅音字母加
y
结尾
-y+ ied study
—
studied, cry-
cried
(4)
重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字双写最后一个字母
+ed
plan
–
planned stop
–
stopped
不规则动词的变化
:
原形
过去式
原形
过去式
原形
过去式
am /is was are were go went
do did find found buy bought
eat ate feel felt drink drank
teach taught take took read read
give gave have had put put
sing sang drive drove meet met
cut cut begin began make made
let let ring rang write wrote
see saw run ran ride rode
come came draw drew sit sat
tell told learn learnt get got
carry carried study studied
4.
一般将来时
< br>一般将来时表示将来打算做的事或将要发生的事情。常常与
Sunday
等时间状语连用。
结构
:be going to +
动词原形或
will +
动词原形
例如
:I
’
m going to visit my grandpa
next week.
tomorrow, next
二、人称代词
主格
I we you he
she it they
宾格
me
us you him her it them
形容词性物主代词
my our
your his her its their
名词性物主代词
mine ours
yours his hers its theris
(
注
:
介词，动词后面跟宾格。后面没
有名词时用名词性物主代词。
三、可数名词的复数形式
1.
一般名词
: + s book
–
books
2.
辅音字母加
y
结尾
: - y+ ies story
—
stories
3.
以
s, x
，
sh, ch
，结尾
: + es glass
—
glasses; a watch-watches
以
o
结尾
:1)
有生命的
+es potato-
potatoes
2)
无生命的
+s photo-photoes
4.
以
f
或
fe
结尾
: - f
或
fe
变为
ves knife
–
knives; shelf-shelves
5.
特殊的名词复数
:
man-men, woman-women,
policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen,
mouse-mice, child-children
foot-feet,.tooth-teeth
fish-
fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,
四、不可数名词
(
没有复数形式
)
bread, rice, water, juice
，
milk
，
tea
，
coffee
五、缩略形式
)