2019高考英语 阅读理解专题选编(12)(含解析)
-
2019
高考英语阅读理解专题选编（
12
）
李仕才
A
In 1959, when Jean Harper
was in the third grade, her teacher gave the class
an
assignment to write a report on what
they wanted to be when they grew up.
Jean’s
father
was
a
crop
dusting
pilot
in
the
little
farming
community
in
N
orthern
California
where
she
was
raised,
and
Jean
was
very
interested
in
airplanes
and
flying.
She poured her heart
into her report and included all of her dreams.
She wanted to
be
a
crop
dusting
pilot,
make
parachute
jumps(
跳伞
),
and
be
an
airline
pilot.
Her
paper
came
back with an
of
the
occupations
she
listed
were
women’s
jobs.
Jean
was
devastated
and
humiliated.
One
day
in
her
senior
year
of
high
school,
her
English
teacher
Mrs
Dorothy
Slaton
gave the class an
assignment.
finest schools, and
unlimited talents and abilities, what would you
do?
a rush of her old enthusiasm, and
with excitement she wrote down all her old dreams.
The teacher leaned forward over her
desk and said,
and talents. When you
leave school, if you don’t go for your dreams, no
one will do
it for you. You can have
what you want if you want it enough.
The
hurt
and
fear
of
years
of
discouragement
went
away
because
of
what
Mrs
Slaton
had said. Jean felt excited and a
little scared. She stayed after class and went up
to
the
teacher’s
desk.
Jean
thanked
Mrs
Slaton
and
told
her
about
her
dream
of
becoming
a pilot. Mrs Slaton half rose and
slapped the desk top.
So Jean did. It
didn’t happen overnight. It took her 10 years of
hard work. It
wasn’t in Jean’s nature
to stand up
for herself when someone
refused or humiliated
her. Instead, she
would quietly try to find another way.
She
became
a
private
pilot
and
then
flew
planes
as
a
co-pilot
(
副驾驶员
).
In
1978,
she
became
one
of
the
first
three
female
pilot
trainees
ever
accepted
by
United
Airlines
and one of the only 50 women airline
pilots in the nation at that time. Some years
later, Jean Harper became a Boeing 737
captain for United Airlines.
Jean
Harper was in the third grade, _________.
was common for women to be airline
pilots
B. her father advised her to be
a pilot like him in the future
C. she
was unsure about what she wanted to be when she
grew up
D. she was deeply hurt by her
teacher’s comment on her dreams
was Mrs Slaton’s reaction when she
learned about Jean Harper’s dream?
A. Encouraging Jean to do what she
wanted to.
B. Offering Jean as much
help as she could.
C. Persuading Jean
to give up her dream.
D. Making Jean
aware of all the possible difficulties.
is the last paragraph mainly about?
A. How Jean Harper achieved her flying
dream.
B. Jean Harper’s great
achievements in flying.
C.
The hardships Jean Harper experienced when trying
to be a pilot.
D. Jean Harper’s
determination to pursue her dream.
gave Jean Harper enough strength and
faith to pursue her dream?
A. Her
father’s influence on her.
B. Mrs Slaton’s support.
C. Her decision to stand up for
herself.
D.A teacher’s humiliation when
she was in the third grade.
【文章大意】本文是一篇人物传记，介绍了
Jean
Harper
如何在英语老师的鼓励下，实现
了
当一名飞行员的梦想。
1.D
【解
析】细节理解题。由第二段中的
humiliated
和第四段中
的
可知答案
为
D
。
3.B
【解析】段落大意题。最后一段主要讲述了
Jean
Harper
在飞行方面的成就，所以答案为
B
。
4.B
【解析】推理判断题。文中提到的
Jean
< br>Harper
的两位老师，一位打击她的梦想，让她几
2
乎对此丧失信心；另一位老师给她
无限的信心，让她相信自己，坚持追寻梦想，所以答案
为
B
。
B
(2015·辽宁五校联盟第一次联考
)
As globalization continues
to make the world a smaller
place
，
and goods become
more
accessible
across
borders
，
c
oncerns
about
food
safety
in
the
AsiaPacific
region
have steadily risen
over the APEC forum is being held in
Beijing
，
to find
ways to better address the problem.
156
participants
from
19
APEC
economies
and
4
non
APEC
members
attended
the
APEC
Food
Safety
Cooperation
Forum
，
which
has
been
actively
looking
for
ways
to
strengthen
food safety standard in the
region
，
without affecting
trade.
“
As consumers are
faced with more varieties of
food
，
the potential food
safety
risk also becomes forum has
helped APEC economies to cooperate in
supervision
(
监督
)
，
exchange
information
，
and
improve
the
overall
food
safety
standard
in the
Asia
Pacific
region
，
”
said
director of China
’
s General
Administration of
Quality Supervision
Wu Qinghai.
For
the
first
time
the
forum
has
brought
together
highlevel
< br>regulators，
academics
，
and industry stakeholders to talk about
their respective roles in safety
say
governments alone cannot shoulder this heavy duty.
In China
，
the
continuous food safety problems have greatly hurt
3
consumers’confidence
in
domestic
products；
therefore
more
turned
to
r
，
problems
related to quality of those imported goods also
began to July this
year
，
more
than
400 batches
(
批
) of food imported from 35
countries and
regions were
found substandard by the country’s top
quality supervisor.
Governments and industries have been
brought closer by this food moves
more
freely
beyond
borders
，
this
forum
is
hoped
to
promote
safety
control
cooperation
，
so
APEC members can better benefit from the economic
integration(
经济一体化
)
．
1
．
What kind of
function can the forum play?
A
．
It has greatly
influenced the economy in the area.
B
．
It has long
been able to put every
side
’
s efforts together.
C
．
It helps to
bring government regulators and industries
together.
D
．
It
has found ways to deal with safety problems.
2
．
The last but
one paragraph tells us that
________
．
A
．
the Chinese
customers are more satisfied with their food
safety
B
．
food
imported from other countries is indeed high in
quality
C
．
many
Chinese customers would rather buy some foreign
food
D
．
there are
only 35 countries and regions exporting food to
China
3
．
The
underlined word
“
address
”
in the first paragraph can be
replaced by
“________”．
A
．
send a letter
about
B
．
deal with
C
．
deliver a
speech on
4
D
．
call off
4
．
According to
the article
，
which of the
following statements is WRONG?
A
．
People can buy
foreign food more easily than ever.
B
．
The more
varieties of food
，
the bigger
the potential food safety risk.
C
．
Food safety
problems have appeared many times before this
forum.
D
．
Governments
have
started
their
cooperation
with
academies
and
industries
before
this forum.
【解题导语】
通过
< br>APEC
论坛，各国之间将更加密切地合作，食品安全问题将得到更有
效的监管和处理，各成员国都会从中受益。
1<
/p>
．
解析：
选
C<
/p>
。
细节理解题。
根据第四段中的“the
forum
has
brought
together
highlevel
< br>regulators
，
academics
，
and
industry
stakeholders
to
talk
about
their
respective
roles
in safety supervision”可知，应选
C
项。
2
．解
析：选
C
。细节理解题。根据第五段中的“the
continuous food safety problems
have
greatly hurt consumers’confidence
in
domestic products；
therefore
more
turned
to
r
，
problems related to
quality of those imported goods also began
to show”可知，连续的国内食品安全问题伤害了消费者的信心，他们更加愿意买
进口产品，
但是进口食品的质量问题也开始显现，即
C
项正确，
A
、
B
项错误；文中第五段的最后一句表
示来自
35
个国家和地区的超过
400
批次的进口
食品不达标而非只有
35
个国家和地区向中国出
口食品，故
D
项错误。
3
．解析：选
B
。
词义猜测题。根据全文大意可知，各国通过
APEC
论坛加强合
作，积极寻
求更好的方法来解决食品安全问题。由此可推知，
B
项“处理，解决”与
address
含
义相近。
4
．
解析：
选
D
。
细节理解题。
根据第一段中的“and
goods
become
more
accessible
across
borders
，concerns about food
safety in the AsiaPacific region have steadily
risen
over the years”可知，
A
、
C
项表述正确；根据第三段中的“As
consum
ers are faced with
more varieties of food
，the
potential food safety risk also becomes
bigger.”可知，
5
B
项表述正确，
D
项
与第四段的第一句不符，故选
D
项。
C
阅读下列短文
,
从给的四个选项
(A
、
B
、
C
和
< br>D)
中
,
选出最佳选项。
Since the
1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to
link the brain with
computers. Brain-
computer interface(BCI) technology could help
people with
disabilities send commands
to machines.
Recently, two researchers,
Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal
Polytechnic school in Lausanne,
Switzerland,
demonstrated
（展示）
a small
robotic
w
heelchair directed
by a person’s thoughts.
In
the
laboratory,
Tavella
operated
the
wheelchair
just
by
thinking
about
moving
his
left or right band. He could even talk
as he watched the vehicle and guided it with
his thoughts.
“our brain has
billions of ner
ve ceils. These send
signals through the spinal cord
（脊髓）
to the muscles to give
us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries
or
other conditions can prevent these
weak electrical signals from reaching the
muscles,” Tavella says. “Our system
allows dis
abled people to communicate
with
external world and also to control
devices.”
The researchers
designed a special cap for the user. This head
cover picks up the
signals from the
scalp(
头皮
) and sends them to
a computer. The computer interprets
the
signals
and
commands
the
motorized
wheelchair.
The
wheelchair
also
has
two
cameras
that identify
objects in its path. They help the computer react
to commands from the
brain.
Prof. Millan, the team leader, says
scientists keep improving the computer software
that interprets brain signals and turns
them into simple commands. “The practical
possibilities that BCI technology
offers to disabled people can be grouped in two
categories:
communication,
and
controlling
devices.
One
example
is
this
wheelchair.”
He
says his team
has
set two
goals. One is testing with real
patients, so as
to prove
that this is a technology they can
benefit front. And the other is to guarantee that
they can use the technology over long
periods of time.
6