初中英语常用动词搭配和动词短语以及辨析
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初中英语常用动词搭配
1.
动词后接
to do
ask sb. to do
sth.
请（叫）某人做某事
tell sb to do sth
告诉某人做某事
order sb
to do sth.
命令某人做某事
want sb to do sth.
想要做某事
help sb.
(to) do sth.
帮助某人做某事
wish sb to do sth.
希望某人做某事
would
like to do sth.
想要做某事
invite sb. to do sth.
邀请某人做某事
drive sb.
to do sth .
驱使某人做某事
expect sb. to do sth.
期待某人做某事
forbid
sb. to do sth.
制止某人做某事
force sb. to do sth.
强迫某人做某事
hope to
do sth.
希望做某事
offer to do sth.
主动提出做某事
plan to
do sth.
计划做某事
prepare to do sth.
预备做某事
pretend to
do sth.
假装做某事
promise to do sth.
许诺做某事
decide to
do sth.
决定做某事
refuse to do sth.
拒绝做某事
fail to do
sth.
未能做某事
happen to do sth.
碰巧做某事
need sb to
do sth
需要某人做某事
2.
动词后接
ing
consider doing
sth.
考虑做某事
enjoy
doing sth.
喜欢做某事
escape doing sth.
逃脱做某事
feel like
doing sth.
想要做某事
finish doing sth.
完成做某事
give up doing sth.
放弃做某事
imagine
doing sth.
想象做某事
mind doing sth.
介意做某事
practice
doing sth.
练习做某事
prevent doing sth.
阻止做某事
put off doing sth.
推迟做某事
risk doing sth.
冒险做某事
forbid doing sth.
制止做某事
forgive
doing sth.
原谅做某事
stop doing
阻止某人做某事
appreciate doing sth.
感激做某事
suggest
doing sth.
建议做某事
be/get used to doing sth.
习惯做某事
pay
attention to doing
注意做某事
avoid doing
避免做某事
3.
动词后既接
to
又接
ing
(1) remember to do sth.
记得要做某事
remember doing sth.
记得做过某事
(2)
forget to do
sth.
忘记要做某事
forget doing sth.
忘记做过某事
(3) regret
to do sth.
遗憾要做某事
regret doing
sth.
遗憾做过某事
(4) try to do sth.
尽力做某事
try doing sth.
试着做某事
(5)
stop to do
sth.
停下来去做某事
stop doing sth.
停止做（正在做的）某事
(6)
mean to do sth.
打算做某事
mean doing sth.
意味着做某事
(7
) can’t help to do sth.
不能帮助做某事
can’t help
doing sth.
情不自禁做某事
(8) go
on/continue to do sth.
继续做另一件事
go on/continue
doing sth.
继续做同一件事
(9)
like/love/hate to do sth
具体活动
（一次性）
like/love/hate doing sth
表示习惯
（一贯性）
(10) need/want to do sth.
想要做某事（主动）
想要被做（被动）
need/want doing
sth.
(11) allow
sb. to do sth.
允许某人做某事
allow
doing sth
允许做某事
(12) advise
sb. to do sth.
建议某人做某事
advise doing sth.
建议做某事
(13) encourage sb. to do
sth.
鼓励某人做某事
encourage doing sth.
鼓励做某事
(14) permit sb to do sth
允许某人做某事
permit doing sth
允许做某事
4.
动词后接动词原形
do
(1) let sb. do sth.
让某人做某事
(2) make sb. do sth.
使某人做某事
=make sth
done
(3)
have sb. do sth.
使某人做某事
=have sth
done
(4)
see sb. do sth.
看见某人做过某事
see sb.
doing
看见某人正在做某事
(5)
hear sb. do
sth.
听见某人做过某事
hear sb. doing
听见某人正在做某事
(6)
find sb. do
sth.
发现某人做过某事
find sb. doing
sth.
发现某人正在做某事
(7)
watch sb. do
sth.
察看某人做某事
(8)
had batter do
sth.
最好做某事
4.
接双宾语
(
一
)
双宾语易位时需借助介词
to
的常用动词（
多表示动词的方向）
bring
sb.
sth.
=
bring
sth.
to
sb.
把某物带给某人
hand
sb.
sth.
=hand
sth.
to
sb.
把某物递给某人
lend
sb.
sth.
=
lend
sth.
to
sb.
把某物借给某人
mail
sb.
sth.
=
mail
sth.
to
sb.
把某物寄给某人
offer
sb.
sth.
=
offer
sth.
to
sb.
将某物给某人
pass
sb.
sth.
=
pass
sth.
to
sb.
把某物递给某人
pay
sb.
sth.
=
pay
sth.
to
sb.
付给某人某物（钱）
read
sb.
sth.
=
read
sth.
to
sb.
把某物读给某人听
return
sb.
sth.
=
return
sth.
to
sb.
把某物还给某人
sell
sb.
sth.
=
sell
sth.
to
sb.
把某物卖给某人
send
sb.
sth.
=
send
sth.
to
sb.
把某物送给某人
show
sb.
sth.
=
show
sth.
to
sb.
拿某物给某人看
take
sb.
sth.
=
take
sth.
to
sb.
把某物拿给某人
teach
sb.
sth.
=
teach
sth.
to
sb.
教某人某物
tell
sb.
sth.
=
tell
sth.
to
sb.
告诉某人某情况
throw
sb.
sth.
=
throw
sth.
to
sb.
把某物扔给某人
write
sb.
sth.
=
write
sth.
to
sb.
给某人写信
(
二
)
双宾语易位时需借助介词
for
的常用动词
（多表示动词的目的）
book
sb.
sth.
=
book
sth.
for
sb.
为某人预定某物
buy
sb.
sth.
=
buy
sth.
for
sb.
为某人买某物
choose
sb.
sth.
=
choose
sth.
for
sb.
为某人选某物
cook
sb.
sth.
=
cook
sth.
for
sb.
为某人煮某物
draw
sb.
sth.
=
draw
sth.
for
sb.
为某人画某物
find
sb.
sth.
=
find
sth.
for
sb.
为某人找到某物
get
sb.
sth.
=
get
sth.
for
sb.
为某人拿来某物
make
sb.
sth.
=
make
sth.
for
sb.
为某人做某物
order
sb.
sth.
=
order
sth.
for
sb.
为某人订购某物
pick
sb.
sth.
=
pick
sth.
for
sb.
为某人采摘某物
prepare
sb.
sth.
=
prepare
sth.
for
sb.
为某人准备某物
save
sb.
sth.
=
save
sth.
for
sb.
为某人留某物
sing
sb.
sth.
=
sing
sth.
for
sb.
为某人唱某物（歌）
steal
sb.
sth.
=
steal
sth.
for
sb.
为某人偷某物
初中英语常用动词短语整理
be used to doing
习惯于
5. Be
动词结构
be able to do
能够做„„
be afraid
to do (
内心
)
害怕
不敢做某事
be
afraid of doing
担心出现
doing
的状况、
结果
be
angry with
对„„生气
be at home = stay at home
待在家里
be
back/in/out
回来
/
在家
/
外出
be
bad for
对„„有害
be
busy doing/with sth
忙于做„„
(
忙于„„
)
be careful of
当心，注意，仔细
be
covered with
被„„覆盖
be
different from
与„„不同
be famous/known as
作为„„出名
be
famous/known for
以„„而著名
be free
空闲的，有空
be friendly/kind
to
对„„友好
be from =
come from
来自„，什么地方人
be full of/filled
with
装满„„
be good
at= do well in
擅长于„
be good for
对„„有好处
be (ill) in bed
卧病在床
be
interested in
对
……
感兴趣
be in trouble
处于困境中
be late for
迟到
be
mad at
对„„生气
be
made from/of
由
……
制成
be made in
在
……
地方制造
be made up
of
由„„构成
be on
在进行，在上演，
（灯）亮着
be pleased
with
对„感到高兴
be
polite/impolite to
对某人有礼貌
/
不礼貌
be popular
with
受„„欢迎；
be
proud of
对„„感到自豪
be ready for
为
……
作好准备
be satisfied
with
对„„感到满意（高兴）
be surprised (at)
对
……
感到惊讶
be
strict in sth.
对某事严格
be strict with
sb.
对某人严格
be
supposed to do sth.
应该做某事
be used for
doing
被用来做某事
be
used to do
被用来做某事
be worried about =be anxious about
担忧
6.
短语（首字母排列）
aim at
针对„
agree with sb.
同意某人的意见或建议
ask
for
请求、索要
ask for a day
off
请一天假
add
achieve a
victory
„
to
„把„和„加起来
取得胜利
arrive
in
到达﹙大地方﹚
arrive at
到达﹙小地方﹚
argue with
与„争吵
apologize to
向„道歉
break up with
sb.
与某人断绝关系
break out
爆发
break down
出毛病，拆开
break off
解散，解雇
break the rule
违规
break
into
破门而入
believe
in
信任
begin/start
with
以„开始
belong to
属于„
built
„
into
„把„建成„
base on
以„为基础
borrow
„
from
„向„借„„
come into
being
形成、出现
come true
实现
come for a
visit
来参观
come on
快，走吧，跟我来
come
back
回来
come to do
sth.
逐渐做某事
come
about
发生
come
from
来自„
come up with
提出主意想法
come
along
出现、发生
come over
过来
come
into
进入„里
come in
进来
come out
出来，出现，出版
come out of
从„里出来
catch up with
赶上„
catch a fire
着火
catch hold of
抓住„
catch a bus
赶公共汽车
cut up
切碎
cut in half
切成半
cut off
切断﹙电源、水源﹚
cut in line
插队
care
for
关心、关爱
care
about
在意
call
for
号召
call
back
回电话
call at
sp.
拜访某地
call on
sb.
拜访某人
call out
呼喊
call
up
给„打电话
call sb.
at some number
给某人打某个号码
calm
down
镇静下来
communicate with
与„交流
complain
about
抱怨„
can
’
t wait to do
sth.
迫不及待做某事
clean
up
清理、打扫干净
carry
out
执行
connect
„
to
„
把„和„连起来
chat on
line
网上聊天
check
over
检查
drop by
顺便拜访
drop out of
school
辍学
drop
litter
丢垃圾
do an
experiment
做实验
do
an operation on sb.
给某人做手术
do sth. in
person
亲自做某事
do business
做生意
do exercise
做操
do with=deal
with
处理
do wrong
做错事
do one
’
s homework
=do one
’
lesson
做作业
do some
sports
做运动
do morning exercises
做早操
do well
in
做得好，擅长于
do the dishes
洗餐具
do
one
’
s best to do
sth.
尽力做某事
do some cleaning
扫除
do some
reading
读书
do some
shopping
购物
do
some cooking
做饭
do the laundry
洗衣服
do some chores
做杂务
disagree with sb.
不同意某人意见
describe<
/p>
„
as
„把„描绘为„
< br>
die of
死于﹙直接内因，如疾病、饥渴﹚
die
from
死于﹙间接外因，如车祸、天灾﹚
die out
灭绝
drive sb.
crazy
使某人发疯
drive
to
„开车去„
divide
„
into
„把„分成„
depend on
依赖„
decide on sth.
对„„做决定
dry
out
干涸
dry up
烘干
dream of
梦想„
draw up
起草、拟定
dress up
装扮、打扮
e-mail
sb.
给某人发电子邮件
enjoy oneself
玩得愉快
enjoy doing
sth.
喜欢做某事
end up
doing sth.
结束做某事
explain to sb sth=explain sth. to sb.
向某人解释
某事
eat up
吃光
fall
behind
落后
fall off
从„„掉下
fall down
滑到，倒下（
后接宾语要加
from
）
fall
over
向前摔倒、跌倒
fall into
落入；陷入
fall ill
病倒
fall
asleep
入睡
fall in love
with
爱上、迷恋
fight
against
与„作斗争
follow the rules
遵守规则
fail the
exam
考试不及格
find out
查明﹙原因、真相﹚
feel like doing
想做某事
fly a kite
放风筝
fly
to
乘飞机去„
fit into
„
适应„
fill in =fill out
填充填写
fill
„
with
„用„填„
feel sorry
for
因„而难过
fold the
clothes
叠衣服
get on
上﹙车、船、飞机等﹚
get off
下﹙车、船、飞机等﹚
get
up
起来、起床
get good grades
取得好成绩
get over
客服
get rid of
除掉„
get
to
到达
get out of
从„里出来
get into
进入
get in the way
of
妨碍
get together
聚会
get into
trouble
陷入困境
get out of trouble
脱离困境
get used to<
/p>
﹙
doing
﹚
sth.
习惯﹙做﹚某事
get to do
sth.
着手做某事
get ready
for
为„做准备
get sb. into
trouble
使某人陷入困境
get away from
远离„
get a sore back
背痛
get back to
sb.
过会儿与某人通话﹙打电话用
语﹚
get on/along well with
与相处„融洽
get to know
认识
get married
to
与某人结婚
get in
touch with
与„取得联系
go ahead
先走，向前走，去吧，干吧
go
to
„
去„
go home
回家
go out
出去
go out for
„出去做„
go down/along
沿着„走
go to
school
上学
go to the
doctor
’
去医务室
go to the cinema
去看电影
go
across
„穿过„﹙平面﹚
go to work
上班
go
bad
变坏
go by
流逝﹙时间﹚
go
one
’
s own
way
走自己的路
go for a walk
去散步
go
sightseeing
去观光
go away
走开
go to sleep
入睡
go to bed
上床睡觉
go on with
继续„
go shopping
去购物
go hiking
去远足
go abroad
出国
go
over
复习
go downstairs/upstairs
下楼
/
上楼
go on a trip
去旅游
give in
﹙
< br>doing
﹚
sth.
屈服﹙做
﹚某事
give up
﹙
doing
﹚
sth.
放弃﹙做﹚某事
give away
赠送
give out
颁发
give back
归还
give off
发出﹙气味、烟雾等﹚
give
sb. some advice
给某人提建议
give a
talk
作报告
give
lessons to sb.
给某人上课
give sb. a good beating
好好教训某人一下
give sb. a hand
帮某人忙
grow up
长大
have a good time
玩得愉快
have a
discussion
进行讨论
have a party
举行聚会
have a meeting
开会
have nothing to do
with
与„无关
have trouble with sth.
做某事有困难
have difficulty/ trouble doing sth.
费力做某事
have
fun
玩得愉快
have a fever
发烧
have a cold
感冒
have a cough
咳嗽
have a
stamachache
胃痛
have fun doing
sth.
愉快地做某事
have a match
举行比赛
have a fight
with
与„比赛、斗争
have no idea of
不知道„
have a hard time doing sth.
艰难地做某事
have sth.
to do with
与„有关
have an accident
发生事故
have
breakfast/lunch/supper
吃早、午、晚饭
have
class
上课
have water
喝水
have a conversation with
与„会话
have a look
at
看一下„
have a talk
with
与„谈话
have a
problem with
做某事有疑难
have a good
trip
路途愉快
have a try
试一下
have a laugh at
嘲笑
.
„
have a pity on
sb.
同情某人
have a rest
休息一下
have a word with
与„„谈几句话
hear of
听说
hear from
收到„的来信
hands
up
举手
hand in
上交
hand
out
分发
hold up
抓住、握住
hold a
meeting
举行会议
hold an
exhibition
举行展览
happen to do
sth.
恰巧做某事
hurry up
赶快
hurry off
匆忙离开
help oneself to sth.
随便用„
help sb.
with sth.
帮助某人做某事
It
’
s
one
’
s turn to do sth.
轮到某人做某事
invite
sb. to do sth.
邀请某人做某事
insist on doing
sth..
坚持做某事
join in
穿着
join together
团结起来
join the army
参军
join the party
入党
keep
（
stay
）
away from
远离
keep
out
不让进入
keep down
压低﹙音量等﹚
keep a
pet
饲养宠物
keep in good mood
保持好心情
keep on
doing
一直做某事
keep healthy
保持健康
keep in good
health
保持健康
keep up with
跟上„
keep sb. doing sth.
使某人一直做某事
keep off
防御
keep in touch
with
与„保持联系
knock at=knock
on
敲„
knock
into
撞到某人身上
learn
„
by oneself
自学„
learn
„
from
„向„学习
learn
„
by heart
记住„
leave
for
离开去某处
leave
sth. somewhere
把某物忘在某处
leave
school
毕业
leave one by oneself
把某人单独留下
leave a message for
sb.
给某人留个口信
lead
to
导致
live on
„以„为生
live a happy
life
过着幸福的生活
look
after
照看„
look for
寻找„
look down on
藐视„
look up
查找﹙字词等﹚
look
over
检查﹙身体等﹚
look forward
to
盼望„
look on
„
as
把看作„
look
at
看„
look like
看起来像„
look
around
环顾
look out
当心
look out of
向„外面看
look
through
浏览
look the same
看起来一样
look
inside
向„里面看
laugh at
嘲笑
lose touch
with
与„失去联系
let
sb. in
让某人进去
lie
dowm
躺下
make sb. feel at
home
使某人感到宾至如归
make one
’
s mind
to do sth.
决心做某事
make a face=make faces
做鬼脸
make
money
挣钱
make fool of
sb.
愚弄某人
make a journey
旅行
make progress
取得进步
make a
countribution to
为„做贡献
make a noise
吵闹
make a fire
生火
make a mistake
犯错误
make
„
of
„由„制作„﹙看出原材料﹚
make
„
from
„由„制作„﹙看不出原材料﹚
make
up
编造，虚构，打扮，构成，组成
make up of
„
由„组成
make a plan
定计划
make
one
’
s bed
整理床铺
make a
report
编写报告
make sure of
确信„
make use of
利用„
make a sentence
with
用„造句
make a
decision
做出决定
make oneself understood
表达自己的意思
make a survey of
调查„
make
preparation for
为„做准备
make friends
with
与„„交朋友
make a
living
谋生
major in
专修
match
„
with
„
把„和„搭配起来
move
to
搬到„
mistake
„
for
„把„错认
为„
meet with
遇到﹙困难、麻烦等﹚
mix
up
混合
name sb./sth.X
把某人
/
某物叫做
X
order sb.
to do sth.
命令某人做某事
open up
完全打开
play football
踢足球
play chess
下棋
play
cards
打牌
play
bridge
打桥牌
play the guitar
弹吉他
play the
violin
弹小提琴
play sports
做运动
play games
玩游戏
play with
玩耍„
play jokes on
sb.
对某人开玩笑
play
the CD.
播放
play
the music
播放音乐
play a part
in
在„中扮演角色
play a role of
扮演„的角色
play
against
与„比赛
play
hide-and-seek
捉迷藏
pay for
付„款
pay attention to
注意„
pass by
路过„
put on
穿上、上映
put down
写下
put away
把„收拾起来
put
„
i
nto
„
把„放入„里
put up
举起、张贴
put out
熄灭
put off
推迟
put back
放回
prevent sb.
﹙
from
﹚
doi
ng sth.
阻止某人做某事
prefer to do rather than
do
与做另一件事相比更
喜欢做某事
prefer
﹙
doing
﹚
sth. to
﹙
doing
﹚
sth.
与„相
比更喜欢„
point to
指向
poin at
指着
point out
指出
practice doing
sth.
练习做某事
pick up
拾起，接人，站起，收听
run away
逃跑
run after
追赶
run out of
用光、从„里跑出来
run
over to
„
跑过去到„
read sth. to sb.
把某物读给某人听
read sth. for sb.
替某人读某物
receive a letter
from
„
收„到来信
rain
heavily
下大雨
ride
a bike
骑自行车
rise up
升起
raise money
筹集资金
refer
to
涉及、提到
regard
„
as
„把„看作„
reach out
伸出﹙手等﹚
send
up
发射
send an e-mail
发送电子邮件
send
for
„派人请„
send
„
for
„派„请„
send into
送入„里
send away
驱逐
send
off
解雇
send out
发出，发出，派遣
shake hands
with
与„握手
stick
„
into
„把„
插入„里
stick doing
sth.
坚持做某事
stop sb. from doing
sth.
阻止某人做某事
stare at
盯着„
sell out
买光
see a doctor
看医生
see sb.
off
为某人送行
see a film
看电影
say goodbye
to sb.
向某人告别
say
hello to sb.
向某人问好
set up
竖立、建造
set up one
’
s mind
on sth.
全神贯注于„
set
off
出发，动身，使爆炸，引起
set out
出发，启程，开始，着手
set an example for
为„„树立榜样
speak of
讲到
speak highly
of
称颂„
search for
搜索，寻找
start to do
sth.
着手做某事
start
with
„以„开始
spend
﹙
time/money
﹚
on sth.= spend
﹙
time/money
﹚﹙
in
﹚
doing sth.
花费﹙时间
/
金钱﹚做某事
spend time with sb.
和某人呆在一起
sort
„
into
„把„划分成„
show sb. around
somewhere
领某人参观某处
show up
露面
stay in bed
呆在床上
slow down
减速
smile
at
对„微笑
suit sb.
适合某人
share
„
with
„
与„分享„
stay up
熬夜
stand
for
代表，象征
stand up
起立
succeed in doing
sth.
成功地做某事
shut up
关闭
shout to
(
为了让人听到
)
对„喊<
/p>
shout at
(
因生气等
)
向„喊
seem like
好像
sweep the
floor
拖地
step on
践踏，踩
take a message for
sb.
给某人捎个信
take a bus
乘工交车
take
one
’
s
order
按某人的顺序
take a walk
散步
take
„
to
„把„带到„去
take a
shower
淋浴
take
after
与
…
相像
take away
带走
take the medicine
服药
take
exercise
锻炼
take it easy
不要紧
take
one
’
s
temperature
量某人的体温
take off
起飞
/
脱下﹙衣服、鞋帽等﹚
take a lesson/class
上课
take a day off
休一天假
take an exam
参加考试
take
„
out
of
„
把„从„中取处来
take a
rest
休息一下
take one
’
s turn
to do sth.
按某人顺序做某事
take part in
参加﹙活动﹚
take
„
as an
example
拿„当作例子
take over
接管
take care
of
照顾、照看
take in
吸取，吸收
take up
占据﹙空间、时间﹚
take
the pride in
以„而骄傲﹙强调动作﹚
take place
发生﹙不及物﹚
take the
leading position
占主导地位
take a swimming
course
上游泳课
take a deep
breath
深呼吸
take the place of
代替„
take a photo
of
照„的相
talk
about
谈论„
talk
with
与„谈话
talk
to
对„谈话
turn left
﹙
right
﹚向左﹙右﹚转
turn up
调高﹙音量等﹚
turn down
调低﹙音量等﹚
turn
on
打开﹙电器、煤气、水龙头﹚
turn off
关闭﹙电器、煤气、水龙头﹚
turn over
翻开，翻转
turn
„
into
„把„变成„
turn
to
„
转向„
turn green
变绿
think about
考虑、思考„
think
of
想起、想到„
think
over
仔细考虑
think
up
想出（设计出、发明、编造）
tell sb. about sth.
把某物的情况告诉某人
tell a
joke
讲笑话
tell a
story
讲故事
try on
试穿
try
one
’
s best to do sth.
.
尽力做某事
thanks
for
感谢„
travel to
„到„旅行
tie
< br>„
to
„把„绑到„上
treat
„
as
< br>„把„当作„来对待
trouble sb. to
do sth.
麻烦某人做某事
throw away
扔掉
translate
„
into
„把„翻译成„
urge sb. to do sth.
强烈要求某人做某事
use up
用尽
used to do sth.
过去经常做某事
visit sb/somewhere
看望某人
/
参观某处
wake up
醒来、叫醒
welcome
to
„欢迎到„来
wait
for
等待„
wait in line
排队等候
write to
„给„写信
write
down
记下
win the World Cup
赢得世界杯
win a prize
获奖
wear
out
穿坏
wear
glasses
戴眼镜
wipe off
擦去，拭去
work out
解决﹙问题、麻烦等﹚
work
on
从事„
walk along/down
沿着„走
watch a
game
观看比赛
warn sb. to do
sth.
告诫某人做某事
warn sb. of sth.
警告某人某事
warn sb.
against(doing) sth.
告诫某人当心某事
/
不要做某事
worry
about
„
担心„