高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案
-小学生最爱100个小实验
高考英语阅读理解练习题及答案
一、高中英语阅读理解
1
．
阅读理解
Want to improve your
writing skills? New Writing South is directing the
way!
Towner Writer Squad
(
班级
) for kids aged
13-17
Led by comedy and
TV writer, Marian Kilpatrick, Towner Writer Squad
will meet once a month
at the
contemporary art museum for 11 months, starting 12
October, 2016.
The
FREE
squad
sessions
will
include
introductions
to
a
wide
range
of
writing
styles,
from
poetry to play writing and lyric
(
抒情诗
) to flash fiction, to
support the development of young
writers.
Application & Selection
If you would like to apply to be part of the
Towner Writer Squad, please send a sample piece of
your writing (about 500 words),
responding to the title
and email
address to: debo@.
Once
all applications are in, you will be invited to an
open selection event on 17 September,
4-
5pm, at the gallery of Towner. This
will be an informal opportunity to meet the Squad
Leader,
Squad Associate and other young
people.
You will also
have a chance to get to know the fantastic gallery
space and get a taste of what's
to
come.
Deadline for
applications: 8 September, 2016
For further information go to:
/toner or or
Any
questions
–
feel
free
to
send
your
email
to
Towner
Writer
Squad
Associate:
wharne@
Beginner Writing Project for kids aged
10-13
Due to popular
demand, a writing project will be started for
eager beginners.
Start
time: 6 September, 2016
Meet every other Saturday, 2-4pm, at the Towner
Study Centre.
Study and
write at your own pace
–
you
do not have to rush
–
as you
have a year to go through
the project.
Practice under the guidance of some experienced
writers and teachers who can help
you
with basic writing skills. Most importantly, build
confidence and have fun while writing!
No previous experience or special
background is required. Many others have been
successful
this way. If they can do it,
why can't you?
Fee:
£179
For more
information go to: or
（
1
）
Towner Writer
Squad will be started ________.
train comedy and TV
writers
explore the
fantastic gallery space
introduce a contemporary art museum
promote the development of young
writers
（
2
）
To
join the Writer Squad, each applicant should first
_________.
e a
piece of their writing
the
Writer Squad Leader
their
family information
te an
application form
（
3
）
What is most important
for the beginners?
sing as much as possible.
g confidence and having fun.
ng and writing at their own
pace.
ng skills from writers
and teachers.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（<
/p>
2
）
A
（
3
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文
，介绍了不同年龄阶段孩子为提高写作水平设置的写
作培训班，说明了招收学员的年龄、
申请的条件、开课时间、报名截止日期及费用等信
息。
（
1
）考查
细节理解。根据
The
FREE
部分中的
“ squad sessions
will include introductions to a
wide
range
of
writing
styles,
from
poetry
to
play
writing
and
lyric
(
抒情诗
)
to
flash
fiction,
to
support
the
development
of
young
writers.”
班会
将包括介绍广泛的写作风格，从诗歌到戏剧
写作，从抒情诗到微型小说，以支持年轻作家
的发展。可知，
Towner
Writer
Squad
促进年
轻作家的发展。故选
D
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据
App
lication & Selection
部分中的
“If
you would like to apply to be
part of
the Towner Writer Squad, please send a sample
piece of your writing
”
如果你想申请成为
Towner Writer Squad
的一员，请寄一份你的写作样稿。可知，要加入
Writer
Squad
，每个申
请人必须先提供一篇他们的作品。故选
A
。
（
3
）考查细节理解。根据
Start
time:
6
September,
2016
部分中的
“Most
importantly,
build
confidence and have fun while writing!”
最重要的是，在写作的过程中建立自信和获得乐趣
!
可
知，对初学者来说获得信心和乐趣是最重要的。故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节
信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
2
．
阅读理解
Sports are the base of my life,
next to my mother who raised me when my dad left
us. I have
been into sports since I was
six years old. I have known many coaches and heard
hundreds of
their tips, but they
usually focused on drills to develop my skills and
reach the next level of play.
When I was in Senior Two, I met the
new school basketball coach, Brian Pawloski. I
thought I
was certain to be selected
for the school team since I had been in it the
year before. I showed up
to the tryouts
and put out about 90% effort since I thought I'd
make it with no problem. That was
a big
mistake.
Brian Pawloski
is the hardest-working coach I have ever met. He
didn't expect 100% effort, he
expected
200% effort. One example: he once made us do 40
suicide drills for the 40 lay-ups
(
投篮
)
we missed in
a game. Some think this is crazy, but it isn't.
After this conditioning practice, as we
were getting a cup of cold water to
drink, I said,
was
completely
sincere.
This
man
was
and
is
the
person
who
influenced
me
most
at
my
high
school.
He
expects
us
to
be
excellent
not
just
on
the
court
but
in
the
classroom.
If
I
am
not
working
on
basketball,
I
am
reading
a
book
that
he
thinks
will
help
us
better
understand
life's
challenges, including
Wooden, Coach, and The Screwtape
Letters
.
In
the first two years I slacked off, not putting
forth my full potential. Now, unlike the coaches
of my youth, this man was interested in
how he did off the court. He always made sure I
kept up
with my studies and was able to
be trusted. I can honestly say that on other coach
has given me
so much advice on how to
succeed in basketball, but more importantly, in
life. My school is lucky
to have such a
great person to teach, coach and influence their
students. I will always remember
my
high-school basketball days as one of the hardest
times I have ever worked in my life not only
in basketball but in my growth as an
individual.
（
1
）
Different from other coaches,
Coach Brian ________.
A. concentrated on skill training
B. trained the team to the edge of
death
C. expected the team
to do well in their studies
D.
asked the team to do more reading than
training
（
2
）
The
underlined phrase
A. paid
no attention B. showed no interest
C. had less passion D. made less
effort
（
3
）
In
the author's eye, Coach Brian is ________.
A. strict and helpful
B. hardworking and honest
C. skilled and cruel
D. professional and serious
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（
2<
/p>
）
D
（
3
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，作者喜欢篮球，新学校的篮球教练布莱恩对自己的
学生严格要求，全文叙述了对布莱恩
教练的描述以及他和作者之间发生的事情。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的
“He
expects us to be excellent not just on the court
but
in the classroom”
，他希望我们不
仅在运动场上而且在教室里要优秀。可知选
C
。
（
2
）考查词义猜测。根据
最后一段中的
“not putting forth my full potent
ial”
没有尽我的全部
力量，可知
D
选项的意思与此句相符，故选
D
。
（
3
）考查
推理判断。根据全文对布莱恩教练的描述以及他和作者之间发生的事情，可知
他对自己的学生很严格要求，但与此同时，根据第四段中的
“I can
honestly say that no other
coach has
given me so much advice on how to succeed in
basketball, but more importantly, in
li
fe
，
”
可充分体现布莱恩教练
helpful
这一品质，故选
A
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和
推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下
文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
3
．
阅读理解
The French Danone
company is the latest to replace some plastic
water bottles with aluminum
(
铝
)
cans.
Competitors
like
Coca-Cola,
PepsiCo
and
Nestle
have
also
started
selling
water
in
aluminum
cans.
Replacing plastic
water bottles that pollute the seas with
recyclable aluminum cans should be
an
easy way to help the environment,
right?
Maybe not.
Aluminum cans might result in less
ocean waste, and the metal containers also are
lighter than
glass
or
plastic
bottles,
but
they
also
come
with
their
own
cost
to
the
environment.
The
production of an
aluminum can is estimated to release two times as
much carbon dioxide into the
air as a
plastic bottle.
at beermaker Heineken. He said his
company was Lrying to reduce the use of plastic
bottles.
Bruce
Karas
of
Coca
-
Cola
North
America
agreed.
He
said,
a
mix.
There
are
some
things that are not that desirable, but
if you have five good things and one that isn't,
we'll all have
to make
decisions.
Bottled water
is a 19 billion industry. Although its use of cans
is increasing, experts say cans are
unlikely to completely replace plastic
bottles.
Aluminum
is
costlier
than
plastic
so
canned
drinks
mean
higher
prices
for
buyers.
Another
major
consideration
is
user
convenience-cans
stay
open
while
bottles
can
be
reclosed.
More
importantly,
there
is
one
barrier
to
ending
the
use
of
plastic
water
bottles:
There
may
not
be
enough cans to go around.
Beer and wine makers are now also increasingly
using aluminum.
（
1
）
What's the advantage of
aluminum cans?
are pollution-free.
are
lighter.
are cost-
effective.
are low-
carbon.
（
2
）
What is Karas's attitude to
replacing plastic bottles with aluminum cans?
tive.
roving.
l
erent.
（
3
）
What is the main idea of
the last paragraph?
wide application of aluminum
cans.
promising future
aluminum cans
major
advantages of aluminum cans.
unavoidable limitations of aluminum
cans.
（
4
）
What is the best title for the text?
um Cans or Plastic
Bottles?
B.A Blessing or a
Misfortune?
to Deal with
Plastic Bottles?
Do We
Choose Aluminum Cans?
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（<
/p>
2
）
A
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了铝罐代替塑料或玻璃瓶的优势，如铝罐可能
会减少海洋垃圾，金属容器也比玻璃
或塑料瓶轻，但它们也会给环境带来代价，同时说明
了使用铝罐的一些局限性。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的
“Aluminum
cans
mig
ht
result
in
less
ocean
waste,
and
the metal containers also are lighter
than glass or plastic bottles, but they also come
with their
own cost to the environment.
”
铝罐可能会减少海洋垃圾，金属容器也比玻璃或塑料瓶轻，但
它们也会给环境带来代价，可知铝罐的优点是它们更轻。故选
B
。
（
2<
/p>
）考查推理判断。根据倒数第三段中的
“Bruce
Karas
of
Coca
-
Cola
North
America
agreed.
”
来自北美可口可乐公司的
Bruce
Karas
对此表示赞同，可知
Kar
as
对用铝罐代替塑
料瓶持支持态度。故选
A
。
（
3
）考查段落大意。根据最后一段中的
“More importantly, there is one barrier to ending
the
use of plastic water bottles: There
may not be enough cans to go
around.”
更重要
的
是，停止使
用塑料水瓶有一个障碍：可能没有足够的罐子，结合本段主要说明了铝罐的造价高和数量
不够等一些不可避免的局限性，故选
D
。
（
4
）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的
“Replacing
plastic
water
bottles
that
pollute
the
seas
with recyclable aluminum cans should be
an easy way to help the environment, right? ”
用可回收
的铝罐代替污染海洋的塑料水瓶应该是一种帮助环境的简单方法，
对吗？文章主要说明了
铝罐代替塑料或玻璃瓶的优势，如铝罐可能会减少海洋垃圾，金属
容器也比玻璃或塑料瓶
轻，但它们也会给环境带来代价，文章还说明了使用铝罐的一些局
限性。故选
A
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，段落大意和主旨
大意四个题型的考查，是一
篇生活类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根
据上下文的逻辑关系，进行
分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
4
．
阅读理解
Several
years
ago,
I
began
asking
my
friends
and
family
to
tell
me
something
about
their
passwords. Yes, I understand why
passwords are universally hated: the pressure they
put on our
memory
and
the
endless
demand
to
update
them.
I
hate
them
too.
But
there
is
more
to
passwords than their
annoyance. In the fact that we construct them so
that we can remember
them, they take on
secret lives.
There was
a former prisoner whose password includes what
used to be his prison ID number to
constantly tell him not to go back. And
there was a childless 45-year-old woman whose
password
is the name of the baby she
lost in her 25 (her way of trying to keep him
alive, I guess).
Sometimes the passwords were playful. Several
people said they used
that when they
forgot it, the software automatically promoted
them with the right one (
password is
incorrect
Some passwords
were striking for their uniqueness. After reading
Sheryl Sandberg's book Lean
in: Women,
Work and the Will to Lead, Cortni Kerr, a running
partner of mine, found her role
model
and began using
for the year (2019) of
the password's creation.
computer
scientist
who
loves
wordplay.
It
stood
for
next
sentence
is
true.
The
previous
sentence is
false
The 4622 that my
wife used in her passwords was not just the
address of her father's childhood
home
but also a reminder of his strength. Apparently,
when the former 120 kg football standout
was
a
small
boy,
he
had
to
sing
his
home
address
(4622
South
28
th
West
Avenue)
in
one
full
breath
rather than try to say it normally. Otherwise, his
stutter (
口吃
) would embarrass
him.
（
1
）
Why
did the prisoner use his prison ID number in his
password?
rebuild his reputation.
remind him to act legally.
fight against his poor memory.
hide the unpleasant
experience.
（
2
）
What did Cortni Kerr think of
Sheryl Sandberg's book?
ul.
sting.
ve.
ing.
（
3
）
What might be the best
title for the text?
reasons why people hate
passwords.
unusual
passwords.
secret lives of
passwords.
best ways to
make your passwords unique.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（<
/p>
2
）
D
（
3
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了有关密码的一些趣事。不同的人设定密码也
包含着不同的意义，也揭示了一些秘
密。
（
1
）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的
“There was a
former prisoner whose password includes
what used to be his prison ID number to
constantly tell him not to go back.”
可知这
名坐过牢的
囚犯用自己的监狱身份证号作为密码主要是提醒自己不要回到过去（不在犯罪
）。因此选
B
。
（
2
）考查
推理判断。根据第四段中的
“Cortni Kerr, a running
partner of mine, found her role
model
and began using ‘Wwssdol9’, which stood for ‘What
would Sheryl Sandberg do’plus '19’ for
the year (2019) of the password's
creation.”
可知
Cortni
Kerr
读完
Sheryl Sandberg's book
的书
后，找到到了自己的榜样，由此判断出
Cortni
Kerr
认为
Sheryl
Sandberg
的书很激励人心。
故选
D
。
（
3
）考查主旨大意。通读全文可知，本文介绍了
有关密码的一些趣事。不同的人设定密
码也包含着不同的意义，也揭示了一些秘密。选项
C.
The
secret
lives
of
password
s.“
密码里
的人生秘密
”
为短文的最佳标题。故选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意
三个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅
读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上
下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
< br>
5
．
阅读理解
There might be as many as 10
million species of complex life on this planet
today
——
a huge
number. But add up all of the complex
species that ever lived and some biologists think
the grand
total would be about five
billion. The estimate leads to an astonishing
conclusion: a staggering
99% of species
are not around any more. They have been driven to
extinction.
More
species
are
joining the
ranks
of
the extinct
every
year.
Many
scientists
believe
we
are
living
through an episode of remarkably rapid extinction,
on a scale that has been seen only five
times in the last half a billion
years.
They call this
current episode the sixth mass extinction
——
a large, global decline
in a wide
variety of species over a
relatively short period of time. And they tend to
agree that humans are
the main
cause.
Over-
hunting,
overfishing,
and
human-driven
habitat
loss
are
pushing
many
species
to
the
brink. In fact, we have
changed the planet so much that some geologists
are now suggesting that
we have entered
a new phase in Earth's history; an epoch they call
the
＂
Anthropocene
＂
. By
2100,
it
is
expected
that
humans
will
have
caused
the
extinction
of
up
to
half
of
the
world's
current species.
Because we are living through this extinction, it
is relatively easy for us to
study the
driving
forces behind it. But how do we
determine what caused other mass die-offs that
happened long
ago?
To
do
so
we
have
to
look
at
what
archaeologists,
palaeontologists,
geologists
and
other
scientists have concluded from the
evidence they have gathered.
The trouble is, those scientists do
not always agree with one another
——
even about the most
recent extinction event. As well as the
five-or six- mass extinctions, there have also
been many
smaller
extinctions.
One of
these mini extinction events happened towards the
end of the Pleistocene, a few tens
of
thousands of years ago. It is sometimes called the
＂
megafaunal
＂
extinction because many of
the
species it claimed were particularly large
animals, weighing more than 97lb (44kg). However,
its cause remains a debate amongst
scientists.
（
1
）
What can we learn about the
sixth mass extinction
？
A. Humans are the main
cause of it.
B. It
means a global decline over a long
time.
C. It occurred towards
the end of the Pleistocene.
D.
Scientists still disagree about the cause
of it.
（
2
）
What can be inferred
from the text about species
？
A. 99% of species will not
be around any more by 2100.
B.
By the 22nd century, there will
probably be about five million on this
planet.
C. About
eight
years
later
we
will
enter
what
is
called
the
＂
Anthropocene
＂
.
D. It
is
not
easy for
us to figure out causes behind the
＂
Anthropocene
＂
.
（
3
）
Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word in the last paragraph ?
A. Land animals.
B. Marine life. C. Huge animals.
D. Flesh-eating creatures.
【
答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）<
/p>
B
（
3
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，许多科学家认为，我们正经历着地球史上第六次大
规模物种灭绝，主要原因是人类的过
度捕猎、过度捕捞和人类栖息地的丧失。但是，各个
科学家对过去物种灭绝原因有着不同
的看法，即便是最近的一次小规模物种灭绝
——
大型
动物灭绝，有关的灭绝原因，科学家仍在争论。
(1)
考查细节理解。第三段提到大规模物种
灭绝是在
a
relatively short period of time
，所以
B
错误；最后一段提到大型动物的灭绝发生
在
the
end
of
the
Pleistocene
，而
第六次大规模物种灭绝是当下正在发生的，所以
C
错误；
根据第三段中的＂
They
call
this
current
episode
the
sixth
mass
extinction
——
a
large,
global
decline in a wide variety of species
over a relatively short period of time. And they
tend to agree
that humans are the main
cause.
＂可知，科学家认为人类是第六次大规模物种灭绝的主要原
因，没有不同意见，因此
D
错误，因此选
A
。
(2)
考查推理判断。根据第一段中的
“There might be as
many as 10 mi
llion species of complex
life
on
this
planet
today
”
，以及第四段中的＂
By
2100,
it
is
expected
that
humans
will
have
caused the extinction of up to half of
the world's current species.
＂可知，到
22
世纪，地球还
会有目前物种的
< br>1
/
2
会灭绝，也就是
10million
的半，即
five mil
lion
，因此选
B
。
(3)
考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的＂
because
many
of
the
species
it
claimed
were
particularly large animals, weighing
more than 97lb (44kg).
＂可推知
<
/p>
＂
megafaunal
＂应为大型
动物，因此选
C
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅
读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，选出正确答案。
6
．
阅读理解
Since
English
biologist
Charles
Darwin
published
On the
Origin
of
Species
in
1859,
scientists
have vastly
improved their knowledge of natural history.
However, a lot of information is still of
the speculation, and scientists can
still only make educated guesses at certain
things.
One
subject
that
they
guess
about
is
why
some
400
million
years
ago,
animals
in
the
sea
developed
limbs (
肢
) that allowed them
to move onto and live on land.
Recently, an idea that occurred to
the US paleontologist
(
古生物学家
) Alfred Romer a
century
ago became a hot topic once
again.
Homer
thought
that
tidal
(
潮汐的
)
pools
might
have
led
to
fish
gaining
limbs.
Sea
animals
would
have
been
forced
into
these
pools
by
strong
tides.
Then,
they
would
have
been
made
either to adapt to their new
environment close to land or die. The fittest
among them grew to
accomplish the
transition (
过渡
) from sea to
land.
Romer called these
earliest four-
footed animals
“tetrapods”. Science has always thought that