中考英语英语阅读理解试题及答案
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中考英语英语阅读理解试题
(
含答案
)
一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷
1
．
阅读理解
Saying no
starts small
delicious cheesecake. Of course, many
of us know we may eat the whole thing in the
end.
It isn't
just girls. Most of us find it hard to say
now say that willpower is very
important to success and a happy life.
Scientists in different
countries have been studying the effects of
willpower on people's lives
for a long
time. The results are similar, according to an
article on February 7 in the Guardian, a
famous British newspaper.
In one experiment,
scientists told young children that they could
either have a marshmallow
(
圆形软糖
) now, or
two marshmallows in 15 minutes. Waiting obviously
needed more willpower.
Scientists
then
continued
studying
the
children
as
they
grew
up.
They
wanted
to
see
if
some
children
always had stronger willpower. They also wanted to
see how having stronger willpower
affected their lives.
Years later, scientists
found that the children who had waited for two
marshmallows were all
healthier,
happier and richer adults. Oppositely, the
children who had shown weaker willpower at
that
young
age
were
more
likely
to
be
in
low
-
paid
jobs,
to
be
overweight,
to
have
social
problems.
But there is hope, Roy F Baumeister,
an American social
psychology(
心理学
) professor
(
教授
)
told the
Guardian. Baumeister says we can train our
willpower just like we train our
muscles
（肌
肉）
. Even
a little practice can
strengthen
（加强）
our overall
self
-
control if we do it
regularly.
You could start by making yourself stand up
straight, speaking in complete sentences, or using
a
computer
mouse
with
the
other
hand.
Scientists
have
found
that
people
who
manage
to
change little habits
often perform much better in laboratory willpower
tests.
Like
muscles, willpower can
when you don't
have enough energy, for example when you are ill.
If you already feel tired, you
can try
to recharge(
恢复
) your
willpower with a good night's sleep and by eating
well.
（
1
）
The
example of a girl eating cheesecake is used to
A.
prove that girls have weak
willpower
B.
introduce the topic of willpower to the
readers
C.
show that cheesecake is especially
attractive to girls
D.
show the
connection between willpower and
success
（
2
）
What can we infer from the
experiment?
A.
The scientists
had already known the results before the
experiment.
B.
It showed that willpower is the most
important to success and a happy life.
1
C.
The children who chose to wait were
more likely to be successful in their
lives.
D.
The children who chose only one
marshmallow at first had stronger
willpower.
（
3
）
Which of the following is NOT
mentioned about the training of willpower?
A.
You should have a goal every
day.
B.
Good rest and
proper diet can help.
C.
Willpower
needs to be exercised regularly.
D.
Keep willpower
from being used too much.
（<
/p>
4
）
What is the
article mainly about?
A.
How willpower
and muscles are similar and how they can be
trained.
B.
How willpower affects people's lives
and how it is similar to muscles.
C.
How willpower
is important to success and how we can make it
stronger.
D.
How willpower is connected with success
and how they affect each other
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（<
/p>
2
）
C
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】主要讲了毅力的重
要性和怎样让毅力变得更强。
（<
/p>
1
）细节题。根据
It isn't
just girls. Most of us find it hard to say
However, scientists now say that
willpower is very important to success and a happy
life.
可知通
过讲小女孩吃奶酪蛋糕的例子来引出毅力话题
，故选
B
。
（
2
）推测题。根据
< br>Years
later,
scientists
found
that
the
children
who
had
waited
for
two
marshmallows were all healthier,
happier and richer adults.
可知毅力强大的孩子成功的可
能性
更大，故选
C
。
< br>
（
3
）细节题。根据
Baumeister says we can train
our willpower just like we train our
muscles
（肌肉）
.
Even
a
little
practice
can
strengthen
（加强）
our
overall
self
-
control
if
we
do
it
regularly.
可知要规
律锻炼；
Like
muscles,
willpower
can
tired
Don't
try
to
do
too
many
things
at the same time, or when you don't have enough
energy, for example when you are ill. If
you already feel tired, you can try to
recharge(
恢复
) your willpower
with a good night's sleep and
by eating
well.
可知要好好休息和吃好，不能过度使用，故选
A
。
（
3
）主旨题。根据全文可知讲的是毅力的重要性和怎样让毅力变得更强。
故选
C
。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意
从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了
解大意之后找出中心思想。
2
．
阅读理解
A wealthy man asked an
old scholar to tell his son away from his bad
habits. The scholar took
the young man
for a walk through a garden. Stopping suddenly, he
told the boy to pull out a tiny
plant
growing there.
The young man made it easily. The old
man then asked him to pull out a little bigger
plant. The
young man pulled hard and
the plant came out with its roots. “Now pull out
that one,” said the
2
old man, pointing to a little tree. The
boy had to use all his strength to pull it
out.
“Now
take this one out,” said the old man, pointing at
a big orange tree. The young man held
the trunk (
树干
)
and tried to pull it out. But it would not move.
“It's impossible”, said the boy,
panting (
喘息
) with
the effort.
“So it is with bad habits,” said the old man.
“When they are young, it is easy to pull them out.
But when they go deeply, they cannot be
uprooted.”
The conversation with the old man changed the
boy's life.
（
1
）
The
scholar asked the young man to take a walk with
him in the__________.
A.
forest
B.
park
C.
garden
D.
school
（
2
）
The
scholar asked the young man to pull out plants for
_____times.
A.
four
B.
two
C.
three
D.
five
（
3
）
According to the passage,
the scholar must be __________.
A.
a
stupid man
B.
a lazy
man
C.
a wise
man
D.
a funny
man
（
4
）
This passage mainly talks
about___________.
A.
we need
exercise more to pull trees out
B.
how to get
away from bad habits
C.
talking with a
scholar is very important
D.
the earlier
getting away from bad habits, the
better
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（
2
）
A
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】短文大意：一个富
人请求一位智者去除儿子的坏习惯。智者把这个孩子
带到了公园，要求这个年轻人先后四
次拔出植物，由易到难，去除坏习惯也是如此，当它
们还不明显的时候，去除它们很容易
，但是当它们深深扎根的时候，就难以去除了。智者
的这堂特殊的课改掉了孩子的坏习惯
，改变了男孩的一生。
（
1
）
C
细节理解题。根据短文第一段中的句子
“The
scholar
took
the
young
man
for
a
walk
through a garden.”
可知，智者让青年人在
花园里与他一起散步，故答案为
C
。
（
2
）
A
细节理解题。根据短文中出现的句子
to
pull
out
a
tiny
plant
，
to
pull
out
a
little
bigger plant. Now
pull out that one, said the old man, pointing to a
little tree. “Now take this one
out,”
said the old man, pointing at a big orange tree.
可知，智者要求这个年轻人先后四次拔出
植物。故答案为
A
。
（
3
）
C
推理判断题。智者要求
这个年轻人先后四次拔出植物，由易到难，去除坏习惯也是
如此，当它们还不明显的时候
，去除它们很容易，但是当它们深深扎根的时候，就难以去
除了。智者的这堂特殊的课改
掉了孩子的坏习惯，改变了男孩的一生，足以说明智者的聪
明之处，故答案选
C
。
（
4
）
D
主旨大意题。根据短文
倒数第二段智者的话：
“So
it
is
with
bad
habits,”
said
the
old
man. “When they are
young, it is easy to pull them out. But when they
go deeply, they cannot be
uprooted.”
可知，坏习惯要及早的去除，越早远离坏习惯，越好。故答案为
D
。
【点评】主旨大意题（主题、标题）在
阅读理解中经常会出现。第四小题适合用捕捉主旨
3
大意来解题。所谓主旨大意，也就是文章的中心思想，主题思想，中心观点，它常常针对
文章的主题，作者的写作意图，文章段落的中心思想进行提问，这类题也叫归纳概括题。
文中智者用拔植物的难易来类比坏习惯的去除也是如此。当它们还不明显的时候，去除它
们很容易，但是当它们深深扎根的时候，就难以去除了。也就是说越早远离坏习惯越好。
答案为
D
。
3
．
阅读理解
I've loved
my mother's desk since I was just tall enough to
see above the top of it as mother sat
writing letters. Standing by her chair,
looking at the ink bottle, pens, and white paper,
I thought
that the act of writing is
the coolest thing in the world.
Years
later,
during
her
final
illness,
my
mother
kept
different
things
for
my
sister
and
my
brother.“
But the desk
，
” She said,
“it's for Helen.”
Although I knew she loved me and she
only showed it in action, I wanted hearttoheart
talks
between mother and daughter. But
they never happened. And a gulf opened between us.
I was
“too emotional (
易动感情的<
/p>
)”
，
but she lived
“on the surface”
．
I had my own family
later. I loved my mother and thanked her for our
happy family. I wrote to
her in careful
words and asked her to let me know in any way she
chose that she forgave me. I
posted the
letter and waited for her answer. It didn't
come.
My
hope
turned
to
disappointment,
then
little
interest
and
finally,
peace—it
seemed
that
nothing
happened.
I
wasn't
even
sure
if
the
letter
had
got
to
mother.
I
only
knew
that
I
had
written it,
and I never heard from her!
Now
the
present
of
her
desk
told,
as
she'd
never
been
able
to,
that
she
was
pleased
that
writing was my chosen
work. I cleaned the desk carefully and found some
papers inside—a photo
of my father and
a onepage letter, folded and refolded many
times.
Give
me an answer, my letter asks, in any way you
choose. Mother, you always chose the act
that speaks louder than
words.
（
1
）
The
writer began to love her mother's desk
________.
A.
when mother
gave it to her
B.
before she was
badly ill
C.
when she was a child
D.
after mother
died
（
2
）
From the passage, we can know that
the writer's mother ________.
A.
was cold on the surface but kind in her
heart to her daughter
B.
was too
serious about everything her daughter had
done
C.
cared much about her daughter in
words
D.
wrote to her daughter in careful
words
（
3
）
The
underlined word “gulf” means “________” in
Chinese.
A.
理解
B.
鸿沟
C.
沟通
D.
港湾
4
（
4<
/p>
）
What did mother do with her
daughter's letter asking forgiveness?
A.
She had never received the
letter.
B.
For years, she often talked about the
letter.
C.
She didn't forgive her daughter at all
in all her life.
D.
She read the
letter again and again till she died.
<
/p>
（
5
）
What
's the best title of the passage?
A.
My
Letter to Mother
B.
Mother and
Children
C.
My Mother's Desk
D.
Talks between
Mother and Me
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（<
/p>
2
）
A
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
D
（
5
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文叙述了作者的
妈妈是从事写作的，经常看见妈妈在课桌旁忙碌，所
以作者在小的时候，就喜欢妈妈的桌
子了，妈妈也了解女儿的心思，在去世前把课桌留给
了她，作者给妈妈的信也在课桌里找
到了。课桌寄托了作者对妈妈的思念之情。（
1
）细节
理解题。根据
I've loved my mother's
desk since I was just tall enough to see above the
top of it
as
mother
sat
writing
letters.
可知，自从作者长到和桌子差不多高的时候
，就喜欢上了妈妈
的桌子，说明作者在小的时候，就喜欢妈妈的桌子了。故选
C
。（
2
）细节理解题。
根据短
文第三段可知，作者的妈妈虽然爱作者，但是她只是付诸于行动，表面是冷漠的，
但是内
心是对作者很好的。故选
A
。（
3
）词义猜测题。根据
Althoug
h I knew she loved me and she
only
showed it in action, I wanted hearttoheart talks
between mother and daughter. But they
never
happened.
因为
妈妈没有和作者进行了交心的谈话，所以推测应该妈妈和女儿之间出
现了鸿沟，故选
B
。（
4
）细节理
解题。根据
I
cleaned
the
desk
carefully
and
found
some
papers
inside—a photo of my father and a onepage letter,
folded and refolded many times.
可知，
作者给妈妈写的信被叠了很多次，说明妈妈看了许多次，故选
D
。（
5
）标题归纳题。根据
短文的内容可知，文章围绕妈妈的课桌写的，作者从小就喜欢妈妈的课桌，妈妈在去世前
把课桌留给了作者，作者对课桌也充满了感情，同时也寄托了对妈妈的感情寄托。故选
C
。
【点
评】标题是文章中心思想的精炼表达，多为词组或短语，涵盖性强。做这类题目时，
要在
阅读全文的基础上，以文章话题为核心，通过比较选项的概括性或
覆盖面，得出正确
的标题。正确标题的归纳范围要恰如其分，避免过于具体或断章取
义。错误的干扰往往是
局部信息，以事实，细节替代，概括大意。
5
题干扰性最大的选项是
A
，作者给
妈妈的信
是短文后来提到的，并非贯穿短文内容的。
4
．
阅读短
文，从每题所给的
A
、
B
、
C
和
D
< br>四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
Hobbies let you explore
interests outside of your line of work. They let
you be creative and try
5
all kinds of new things. Picking a
different one can get your creative juices flowing
again.
Look at what interests you.
Check what you love
doing in your spare time. Do you enjoy reading
books? Maybe you want
to try your hand
at writing your own. Do you like a hot coffee at
the end of the day? Maybe your
hobby
could be trying to make it at home. Turn what you
already love into a hobby.
choosing a
hobby.
Think about what you
value most
Do
you value wisdom or courage? Do you admire
artists? Let such question guide you when
For example, maybe you
could volunteer at a library as a hobby because
you value education
or maybe you could
try painting because you admire people who can
express themselves with
art.
Examine your skills and
personality.
Certain hobbies require certain
skill
If
you
don't
have
much
patience,
then
maybe
going
fishing
isn't
something
you'd
enjoy.
However, if you love
building things, maybe you should consider a hobby
like working on older
cars or building
furniture.
Play to your strengths.
hobby.
Pay attention to what excites your
①________.
The way you talk about things can also show what
you really like and it can be developed into a
Think about the topics
you go on endlessly about. Ask your friends and
family what you seem
to talk about all
the time. Now think about the subject that you
enjoy so much and decide how it
can be
turned into your hobby.
（
1
）
This passage is
most probably taken from ________.
A.
a
magazine for old people
B.
a magazine for
young people
C.
a picture book for children
D.
a picture book
for hobbies
（
2
）
This passage mainly shows us
________.
A.
how to find a
new hobby
B.
how to give up
old hobbies
6
C.
why you must
find a new hobby
D.
why you must
give up old hobbies
（
3
）
Which is the most
suitable word for ①________?
A.
hobbies
B.
skills
C.
topics
D.
interests
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（<
/p>
2
）
A
（
3
）
C
【解析】
【分析】主要讲了发现一种
新爱好的建议。
（
1
）细节题。根据全文可知讲了发现一种新爱好，可知不是
picture
book
图画书，排除
< br>C
、
D
。根据
< br>maybe
you
could
volunteer
at
a
library
在图书馆里当志愿者，所以给年轻人写的，
故选
B
。
（
2
）主旨
题。根据全文可知主要讲了发现一种新爱好的建议。故选
A
。<
/p>
（
3
）推断题。根据后文
Think about the topics
you go on endlessly about.
考虑下话题，可知
最合适的词是话题，
topics
，故选
C
。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意
从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了
解大意之后找出中心思想。
5
．
阅读理解
Then Alice
saw a small glass table. There was a little golden
key on it. She picked it and put it in
all the locks on the doors but it
didn't open any of them. She moved a curtain on
one of the walls
and discovered another
door, a very small one. She put the key in the
lock. It was exactly the right
size!
She opened the door and looked through it. At the
end of a low passage she saw a beautiful
garden. It was full of brightly
coloured flowers and fountains.
She walked back to the table. There
was a bottle on it now.
She put down the key and picked up the bottle. She
read the words
wasn't a stupid girl.
She didn't drink it immediately. First she looked
at the bottle carefully. There
wasn't a
label on it that said
So she put the bottle to her lips and
drank.
-
all
the
things that she liked to
eat
-
so she drank some more.
And some more. Soon the bottle was
empty.
as small as her cat Dinah.
the door, she
didn't have the key! It was on the table. She
couldn't reach it because she was too
small now. She sat down and
cried.
After
a while she said,
When she looked at the table again,
she saw a small glass box under it. She picked it
up and
opened it. There was a small
cake inside. It had the words
of it in
her mouth.
7
door.
But nothing happened so she finished
it.
（
1
）
From the passage we can
know that _______________________.
A.
at
first Alice could go through the door into the
garden easily
B.
then Alice found there was a little
golden key on a small wooden table
C.
Alice was as
small as her rabbit Dinah after she drank
something in the bottle
D.
Alice saw a
small glass box with a small cake in it under the
table
（
2
）
Alice did the following things in
the order of ___________________.
a. She saw a beautiful garden at the
end of a low passage.
b. She
moved a curtain and discovered another
door.
c. She put a small
piece of the cake in her mouth.
d. She put the bottle to her lips and
drank.
e. She cried because
she couldn't reach the key.
A.
a
-
b
-
c
-
d
-
e
B.
b
-
a
-
d
-
e
-
c
C.
d
-
a
-
b
-
e
-
c
D.
b
-
d
-
e
-
a
-
c
（
3
）
The
underlined word
A.
the small
box
B.
the glass
table
C.
the small
cake
D.
the golden
key
（
4
）
According to the passage, the best
words to describe Alice are ___________________.
A.
careful and brave
B.
curious and
helpful
C.
clever and friendly
D.
organized and
strange
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2
）
< br>B
（
3
）
C
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】文章大意：本文主
要讲爱丽丝被关到一座房子里，但出不去，里面有一
些东西可以使她变小。
（
1
）细节理解题。由第
一段中
of
it
was
a
very
small
gold
key.
爱丽丝看见一张小玻璃桌。上面有一把金钥匙可知她是在玻
璃桌上发
现钥匙的。选项
B
不符合文章内容，故排除
B
；
how
beautiful!
she
said.
love to go
there but I'm too big to get through the door.
我很想去那里，但是我太大了，不能
从门进去。
”
可知选项
A
不符合文章内容，故排除
A
；
getting
smaller
and
smaller.'
It
was true! She was now as small as her
cat Dinah.
我越来越小了。
”“
是真的！她现在和她的猫
黛娜一样小。可知选项
C
符合文章内容，故排除
C
；
When she looked at the table again, she
saw a small glass box under it. She
picked it up and opened it. There was a small cake
inside.
她看
到桌子下面有一个小玻璃盒。她把它捡起
来打开了。里面有一个小蛋糕，可知选项
D
符合
文章内容，故选
D
。
（
2
）细节理解题。根据通读全文，找出在文
中的位置
。
b
：
She
moved
a
curtain
and
discovered another door.
；
a
：
She saw a beautiful garden
at the end of a low passage.
；
d
：
8