16Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected知识讲解
-
Unit 12
Life is full
of the unexpected
词句精讲精练
【词汇精讲】
1. by the end of
by the end of
意为“到……末为止”
，其后只能接时间，可用于将来时或过去完成时。例如：
We
’
re going to
finish it by the end of this week.
到本周末，我们将完成这项工作。
【拓展】
(1)
at the end of
意为“在……末端，在……尽头”
，可以表示时间，也可以表示地点。例如：
at the
end of January
在一月底
（表示时间）
at the end of the
street
在街道末端（表示地点）
(2) in the end
意为
“最后，终于”
，相当于
at last
，
finally
，其后不能接
of
短语。例如：
Our team beat theirs in the
end.
最后，我们队战胜了他们队。
2.
disappear
disappear
是动词，意为“消失，消散”。其反义词是
appear,
意为“出现”。例如：
D
on’t disappear again.
不要再突然消失了。
Some
animals are disappearing because of hunting.
一些动物因滥捕而濒临灭绝。
A
woman appeared at the end of the street.
一位妇女出现在街道的尽头。
3.
go off
go off
意为“发出响声”。例如：
My
alarm clock didn’t go off.
我的闹钟没有响。
The alarm went off.
警铃骤然响起。
【拓展】
（
1
）
go
off
还有“离开，出发”等意。例如：
Do go off the main road, or you’ll be
lost.
不要离开大路，否则会迷路的。
（
2
）
go
off
还表示“变质”。例如：
This milk has gone off.
牛奶变坏了。
4. take
off
take
off
意为“起飞”
。例如：
When will the plane take
off?
飞机什么时候起飞？
【拓展】
(1) take
off
还可作“脱下”讲，反义词组为
put
on
，意为“穿上”
。例如：
Put
on your clothes. Don
’
t take
them off.
把衣服穿上，别脱下。
(2)
常见的含有
take
的词组：
take
turns
轮流
take
away
拿走
take
out
拿出，取出
take
over
接手，接管
take notes
做笔记
take care
当心，注意
take care of
照顾
take photos
照相
take it
easy
别紧张
5.
oversleep
oversleep
意为
“
睡过头
”
，它的过去式和
过去分词都是
overslept
。例如：
I overslept and missed the school
bus.
我睡过了头，没赶上学校班车。
【拓展】
某些词前缀
over
，表示“超过
,
优越
,
过度等”。
overage
过老的
overtime
超出时间的
overwork
过度工作
overdo
做得过分
I think the
work is overdone.
我觉得这工作做过头了。
She
overdressed herself today.
她今天打扮过头了。
6.
leave
leave
作动词，意为“离开
(
某处
)
”，常与
for
连用，后接要去的地方。
lea
ve
的过去式和过去分词都是
left
。
例如：
He is
leaving for Beijing next week.
他下周打算离开去北京。
Mr.
Smith left the room at two o’clock.
史密斯先生两点离开房间。
【拓展】
（
1
）
leave
还意为“离开
(
某人
)
的身边
;
离弃”。例如：
Her husband has left her.
她的丈夫把她遗弃了。
（
2
）动词短语
leav
e something at/in
＋表示地点的名词，意为“把某物忘在某地”。例如：
I left my key at home.
我把钥匙忘在家里了。
Tom
left his English book at school, so he didn’t do
his homework.
汤姆把英语书落在学校了，所以没有做英语作业。
（
3) leave
还意为“听任
,
使处于某种状态”。例如：
He left the windows open.
他让窗子开着。
【辨析】
leave
和
forget
leave
和
forget
两者都是动词，都含有“忘记
”
的意思。表示把某物“落在某地方”用
leave
，如果无具体
地点，则用
forget
。例如：
He said that he had left his
book in the classroom.
他说他把书落在教室里了。
I
never forget her.
我永远也忘不了她。
7. show up
show
up
动词短语，意为“出席，露面”。例如：
Most of people i
nvited
didn’t show up.
被邀请的人大部分还未到。
To my surprise, she failed to show up.
令我吃惊的是，她未能出席。
【拓展】
show
的常用短语：
（
1
）
show sb.
around
带某人参观
例如：
I’ll show you
around so that you can meet everyone.
我会带你到各处看看
,
好让你和大家见
见面。
（
2
）
show off
炫耀
例如：
Those boys
always show off their sports skills to the girls.
那些男孩们老向女孩卖弄他们的运动技巧。
< br>（
3
）
show sb.
sth.
把某物展示给某人看
例如：
My friend
showed me a picture book.
我的朋友出示我一本漂亮的图册。
（
4
）
on
show
陈列，展出
例如：
The
photographs are on show at the museum until
October.
照片在博物馆展出到十月。
8.
keep
（
1) keep
用作及物
动词，意为
“
保存；保留；保守
”
。例如：
Could you keep these letters for me,
please?
你能替我保存这些信吗？
I’ll keep a seat for you.
我给你留个座位。
Can you keep a secret?
你能保守秘密吗？
（
2) keep
用作连系动词
,
后常接表语形容词，意为
“
保持处于某种状态
”
。
例如：
You must look after yourself and keep
healthy.
你必须照顾好自己，保持身体健康。
She knew she must keep
calm.
她知道她必须保持镇静。
（
3
）
keep
的常用句型：
1) keep doing sth.
意为
“
继续
干某事
”
，表示不间断地持续干某事，后须接延续性的动词。例
如：
He kept working all day,
because he wanted to finish the work on time.
他整天都在不停地工作，因为他想准时完成工作。
2
）
keep on doing
sth.
意为
“
持续做某事
”
。
例如：
The pupil
kept on asking me the same question.
这个学生不断地问我同一个问题。例如：
3) keep...from doing sth.
意为<
/p>
“
阻止
/
防止…
…做某事
”
。例如：
The heavy snow kept us from going out.
大雪阻止了我们出去。
【词汇精练】
I.
根据句意及首字母提示补全句子。
1. Set your alarm clock, and you won’t
o_______.
2. When I got to
school, I r _________I had left my backpack at
home.
3. U__________, by the time I got
there, the bus had already left.
4.
L__________, my friend Tom and his dad came by in
his dad’s car and they gave me a ride.
5. Sally i_________ me to her birthday
party. It’s at her hou
se on Saturday.
6. In 1938, a radio program a________
that aliens from Mars had landed on the earth.
7. Life is full of the u__________.
8. He was going to meet me earlier but
he didn’t s______ up when I got there.
9. Jim d_________ and nobody heard of
him.
10. I’m really e___________ to be
laughed in public.
II.
用所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.I
______
（
stay
）
up last night and I am really ________now. ( exhaust )
2. I ______ (wait) for the
bus when she called me.
3. I felt
_______in that _______joke. ( embarrass )
4. Scientists have to read the________
information in science books.(late)
5.
Do you know that your bike is _______ (break)?
6. Don’t ______ (foolish)
anyone in your class, because none of them are
fools.
7. My mother asked me
to go the front door and check if it is _______
(lock).
8. She told me she _______(be)
to Sanya.
III.
选用同义词填空。
(1
）用
leave
或
forget
的正确形式填空。
1. I _________ his address.
2. I _________ his address on the desk
yesterday.
3. She mustn’t ________ the
letter on the table.
4. He
_______ telling her about it.
5. Would
you like to _______ a message for him?
(2)
用
whole
或
all
填空。
6. The teacher said, “Forty is a ______
number.”
7. Her ______
homework was finished with the help of the
teacher.
8. ______ her homework was
finished with the help of the teacher.
9. He spent ______ the day doing the
work.
10. He spent the ______day doing
the work.
IV
.
用方框内所给单词的适当形式完成句子。
realize, show
up, close to, on time, break down, by the time
1. He was standing _______ the door.
2.
I was waiting for the school bus but it didn’t
come. Then I
it was Saturday.
3. He was going to
meet me
earlier but he didn’t
.
4.
I started walking, but I knew I could not get to
the factory_________.
5. On my way to work, my car________,
so I had to ask for a ride.
6.________I got there, they had
finished the work.
V
.
听力链接。
(2014
北京丰台一模
)
请听一段对话，完成
第
9
至第
10
小题。
9. What is the bad news
about the trees?
A. A company will cut
them down.
B. They were destroyed by a storm.
C. The government sold them to a
company.
10. What will the speakers do
on Saturday?
A. Hold a meeting.
B.
Play under the trees.
请听一段对话，完成第
11
至第
13
小题。
11. What do we know about the
woman?
A. She hates
cooking.
B. She
never works out.
C. She
often goes to see her friends.
12. What
is the man trying to do?
A. Invite the woman to the
movies.
B. Ask the woman to travel with him.
C.
Advise the woman to take more exercise.
13. What are the speakers mainly
talking about?
A. Friendship.
B. Health.
C. Hobbies
【参考答案】
I.
根据句意及首字母提示补全句子。
1. oversleep
2. realized/remembered
3. Unfortunately/Unluckily
y
5. invites
C. Write a
letter to the leader.