大学英语四级翻译典例
-
1
.
中国城市化
(u
rbanization)
将会充分释放潜在内需
(domes
tic demand)
。一些经济学家指出，
在中国几乎所有
的发展中城市都面临
着城市化的进程。
这使得许多人的生活水平有所提高，
也为人们提
供更多的就业机会。随着越来越多的人向城市迁徙，住房及城市基础设施建设
(infrastructure
construction),
包括水源等能源的供应将会
<
/p>
成为城市发展的焦点问题。
商品与服
务的
自由、快速流通是城市化
社会的一项基本特征。逐渐扩张的城
市需要更多的零售店来
满足消费者的需求。
参考译文
China‟s urbanization will release the
full potential of domestic demand. Some economists
point out that urbanization is a
process that is occurring in nearly every
developing city in the
country. It will
lead to a better quality of life for many
people
，
and provide
individuals with more
job
opportunities. The construction of housing and
city infrastructure, in¬
cluding water
and
energy supplies, will be a focal
point of urban develop¬
ment as more
people migrate to cities.
Urbanization
means better access to educational and medical
resources in the city. But it also
predicts less use of personal vehicles
and more use of public transportation. The fast,
free flow of
goods and services is a
basic trait of an urbanized society. Ex-panding
cities require more retail
outlets to
serve customers.
2
.
京剧
(Beijing Opera)
是中国的国粹。作为一门古老的艺术，京剧的服装
(costume)
< br>、脸谱
(facial
mask)
更易被人喜爱。不同的服装
类型反映不同的人物身份特征。富贵者的服装缀满
精美的刺绣
;
穷困
者的服装则简单朴素，
少有装饰
(elemental)
。
脸谱是京剧中塑造人物
形象
< br>的重要手段，
它是用不同的颜色在脸上勾画出来的。
脸谱
的颜
色让人一看便知角色
(port
ray)
的善恶。比如白色代表奸诈
(treachery)<
/p>
，
黑色代表正直不阿，黄色是骁勇，蓝
、绿色多用于
绿林好汉
(rebellious
fighters)
，金、银色多用于神佛
(divinity
and Buddhism)
等。
参考译文
Beijing Opera is the cream
of the Chinese culture. As a
tradi¬
tional art form, its costumes
and facial mask are more popular with
people. Different styles of costumes are used to
reflect the
status of different
characters. There are more decorations in the
costumes of nobles
，
while
those of
the poor tend to be simple and
less elemental. Facial masks can reflect qualities
of different
characters. Facial masks
using different colors are important ways to
portray a character. People
can tell a
hero from a villain by the colors of the masks. In
general
，
white usually
represents
treachery, black represents
righteousness, yellow represents bravery, blue and
green represent
rebellious
fighters
，
while gold and
silver represent divinity and Buddhism.
3
.
月光族
中国经济的高速发展，
带来了消费文化的曰益流行，
同时也催
生了一批具有高学
历，
充分享受资本主义消费模式的年轻人，
他
们习惯于当月工资当月花。
因而被称为
“
月光
族
”(the
moonlight group)
。
“
月光族
”
一词出现于
20
世纪
90
年代后期，是用来讽刺那
些出身
富裕、接受高等教育、充分享受快餐文化
(fast food
culture)
的
年轻人。
参考译文
China‟s economy is developing very
quickly, and has brought with it a culture of
consumption more prevalent with each
passing day. At the same time, it has brought into
being an
educated group of young people
who enjoy capitalist consumption way.
They‟r
e used to spending
money as soon as they get it every
month, and so are called t6the moon¬light group”.
This word
came into being during the
1990s, to make fun of those bom into
wealth
，
who have received a
high
education, and who
ap¬
preciate fast food culture.
4
.
目前，
全球变暖
是一个热门话题，
但是有关全球变暖的各项证
据似乎还有些不同的声音。
人们现在已经知道
，地球的发展经历了
很多周期
(cy
cle),
尽管在历史上还未出现过像今天这
样的时代，即
高度工业化
(industrializ
ation)
产生如此多的污染。全球变暖主要是由
于二氧
化碳气体
(carbon
dioxide)
的增多。
参考译文
Global warming is the hot
topic around the world at this time but, there is
also dissention
about the evidence
being presented to support the argument. The earth
is known to go through
cycles; although
the past has never produced an age of so much
industrialization causing the
pollution
currently being experienced. A major source of the
problem is the increase in carbon
dioxide levels.
5
．
现代人类
约公元前
50000
年第一次从中亚或印度来到中国。这
些石器时代
(Stone
Age)
的人，居住在洞穴中，穿着毛皮。公元前
4000
年左右，这些人开始种植水稻，并饲养羊和
鸡。约公元前
3000
年，
他们开始使用陶器
(pottery)
并住在
房子里。
到公元前
2000
年，中国<
/p>
人已进入青铜时代
(Bronze A
ge)
，
并开始用于写字。
约公元前<
/p>
700
年，
中
国的金属工人学会
制作铁器工具和武器。
参考译文
Modem humans
first came to China from Central Asia or India
about 50,000 BC. These were
Stone Age
people, who lived in caves and wore fur and
leather. By around 4,000 BC, these people
were starting to farm rice and keep
sheep and chickens. By about 3,000 BC, they were
using
pottery and living in houses. By
2,000 BC
，
Chinese people had
entered the Bronze Age and had
begun to
use writing. By about 700
BC
，
Chinese
metal-workers learned to make iron to
6.
茶马古道
(Tea-horse
Ancient Road)
两边，生活着
20
多个少数
民族。不同的地方有着各
< br>自美丽而神奇的自然风景和传统文化，比
如
:
大理，丽江古城，香格里拉
(Shangril
a),
雅鲁藏
布江大峡谷和布
达拉宫
(Potala Palace)
。古道的两旁有庙宇、岩石壁画、骚站
(post house),
< br>古桥和木板路，
还有少数民族舞蹈和民族服装。
时至今天
，
虽然这条古道的踪迹都消失了，
但
它的文化和历史价值仍然存在。
参考译文
Along the Tea-horse Ancient Road lived
more than 20 minori¬
ties.
Concentrations of
beautiful and
mysterious natural landscapes and traditional
cultures developed in various
sites
，
including Dali old
city, Lijiang old city, Shangrila, Yarlung Zangbo
River Grand Canyon, Potala
Palace. The
road features temples, rock paintings, post
houses, ancient bridges and plank roads. It
is also home to many national
minorities and their dances and folk customs.
Today, although the
traces of the
ancient road are fading away, its cultural and
historic values remain.
7
. <
/p>
中国的传统节庆膳食
是节日必不可少的伴侣。例如，我国的端午节
(the Dragon Boat
Festival)
是纪念古代
诗人屈原的日子。那一天，人们通常要赛龙舟、吃粽子
(zongz
i)
。中秋
节是观赏满月的日子。圆圆的月亮象征
着圆满，象征着家庭团聚。因此，中秋节
(The
Mid-autumn
Festival)
的特制食品是一种圆形的月饼。春节是中国
的农历新年
(the Chinese
lunar New Year‟s holiday)
，除了
常见的家禽和肉类之外，人们还要按各自的地方习俗
烹制
传统食物，如铰子和年糕。
参考答案
Traditional
Chinese holiday meals are indispensable on some
festivals. For example, the
Dragon Boat
Festival is a day established in memory of the
ancient poet Qu Yuan and people
usually
hold dragon boat races and eat zongzi, or rice
dumpling on that day. The Mid-autumn
Festival is an occasion for viewing the
full moon. The round moon is a symbol for
completeness
and family reunion. The
special food of the day is yuebing, a round cake
known as the mooncake.
The Spring
Festival is the Chinese lunar New Year‟s holiday.
Besides the popular poultry and
meat,
people
cook
traditional food according to regional customs,
for example, jiaozi, or boiled dumplings,
and niangao, or the “ 1 ” new year cake
.
难点精析
■ 1.
中国的传统节庆膳食：
翻译为
Traditional Chinese holiday meals,
其中
“
节庆膳食
”
直接
译为
holiday meals ,
即可，翻译时注意
“
中国的
”
和
“
传统
”
的顺序。
2.
纪念：翻译为介词短语
in
memory of,
修饰前面的
a
day
。
■ 3.
赛龙舟：翻译为
hold
dragon boat races,
其中
hold
意为
“
举行
”
，
“
举行龙舟比赛
”<
/p>
即
“
赛
龙舟
”
。
4.
观赏满月：
“
满月
”
即
fMlmoon,
此处的
“
观赏
”
可以译为
viewing,
也可以用
enjoying
或
watching
表示。
5.
象征着家庭团聚：
“
象征
”
翻译为系表结构<
/p>
is a symbol for,
也可以用动词
symbolize
表示，
“
家庭团聚
”
翻译：
为
family reunion
即可。