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部编五年级【英语】小学英语阅读理解的做题技巧

（一）、阅读理解一般分为故事幽默类、说明、科普类等。

1故事幽默类一般前面都在为幽默做铺垫，只有读到最后才能显现出幽默之出来。

这类短文一般难度不大，认真阅读，仔细选择，问题都可以解决，如Write a Letter to Mary,
A Dirty Boy, On the Bus 等

2小学的说明,科普类短文都十分浅显,只要具备一点科普常识都会读懂的,如,Time, the Spring
Festival .等,即使文章较长,问题也十分明显，从文中都能找到答案.

同学可动手做做下题：根据短文内容选择答案.

is very good at school, but he is not clean. His face and hands are often dirty. He washes
them with water only. He does not use soap(肥皂).

Sam has an uncle. One day his uncle goes to see him. He looks at him and says, “Sam, I know
what you ate for breakfast this morning.”

“What?” Sam looks at his uncle and says.

“Eggs” says his uncle, “Your face and mouth tell me that.”

“You are wrong, uncle!”says Sam, “Not today or yesterday,but the day before yesterday(前天)!”

( )(1).Who is Sam?

A. He is English. B. He is a student. C He is a young pioneer. D He is a teacher.

( )(2) What’s the Chinese for “dirty”?

A. It’s “ 脏的“. B It’s “干净的” C It’s “坏的 “ D It’s “好的”

( )(3) What’s on Sam’s face and mouth?

A Eggs. B Soap C Water D Bread

( )(4) Which of these is not wrong?

A Sam doesn’t wash his face and hands every day.

B. The uncle thinks the boy ate eggs last morning.

C Sam doesn’t like eggs at all.

D. Sam doesn’t know his uncle.

(母鸡): There is some rice here. Eat it like this,my children.

Chickens: Like this, Mother?

Hen: Yes,that’s right, good.

Eagle(鹰): There are some chickens here. I want to eat them.

Hen: Don’t worry, my children . Let me do with it.

Eagle:Can you let me eat some chickens,?

Hen:No, you can’t. There is a hunter(猎人)near here.

Eagle: I must go now.

Hen: Let’s go home, my children.

Chickens: All right.

( )(1) The chicken likes to eat the ____.

A hen B rice C chicken D his children

( )(2) The hen _____look after her children.

A can B can’t C is D isn’t

( )(3)______saves the chickens.

A The hunter. B The hen C The eagle D A man

( )(4)The eagle can’t eat_____ at last.

A the chickens B go. C the hunter D the hen

（二）、解题时有以下几种方法：

（1）略读法：关键是在能抓住文章要点的前提下以个人最快的速度阅读，获得足够的信息
以便准确地回 答有关文章主旨和大意的问题。要特别注意文章首尾两段，第一段往往点明
文章主题或作者意图，而最后 一段则常常总结归纳或重述文章的主要内容。要学会寻找文
章段落的主题句，因为把每段主题句的意思综 合起来实际上就是全文的中心思想，文章的
主题句也可能出现在段落中间或结尾。

（ 2）查阅法：考生可以不需要阅读整篇文章，而只需找出可能包含所需信息的部分，然后
加以阅读就行。 查阅法主要用于获得具体的信息，即谁、什么、什么时间、什么地点、什
么原因以及如何发生等有关或者 具体的数字。

（3）同义互释法：在小学升学考试中有些深层理解或者判断推理的问题可以采 用同义互释
法。

（4）判断推理法：有时4个题项中不止一个可以作为答案项，这时 就应该意识到该题是一
个判断推理题。要根据文章的主旨和作者的意图，选择比较，去伪存真，选出切合 文章主
旨和作者意图的最佳答案。

（三）、同学们在做阅读理解时应注意的问题有哪些？

１、弄清文章体裁，快速理解 文章。对不同体裁的文章，要根据其体裁特点，运用不同的
方法快速阅读，正确理解。记叙文一开始交待 人物、时间、地点、事件，然后详细叙述原
因。议论文中，作者先提论点，再加以分析，或举例论证，得 出结论。说明文中，作者先
提出说明对象，然后从时间、空间、用途、方法、步骤等不同侧面加以说明。

２、仔细研读首尾句，预测文中细节。小学升学考试英语文章往往隐去了标题，这给抓文章中心带来了困难。然而，英语的写作特点一般是按总-分-总这一思路来写的。因此，研
读首、尾 句，不但可以帮助考生抓住文章的内容，还可以揣测作者的态度、意图，从而进
一步猜出作者着重要写的 细节。

３、略读选答，带问阅读。做英语阅读理解题时，首先应浏览一遍所提问题及选项，然 后
带着这些问题有目的、有针对性地阅读文章。

４、联系生活常识，及早排除错误选 项。阅读理解中四个选项，有时有一个或两个与常识
或其他学科中所学的知识不相符。我们可先将其排队 在阅读中对所剩下的选项进行筛选就
容易多了。

5、解题前要仔细通读全文，遇到难 解的词组和句子不要急躁，尽量根据上下文悟出其义，
解题时要带着问题读查短文分析判断，整题解完后 要认真复查。

6、注意不要改变自己的阅读习惯。有的考生先看题目后看文章，有的先看文章 再看题目，
你平时怎么练，考试就怎么做。临时改变自己的习惯效果往往不好。其次，看清楚题目是概括中心型还是推理判断性。概括某一段的中心时注意这一段的首句和尾句；推理判断题
要注意题目 问的是作者的态度，不是你的态度。


二、阅读理解
2．阅读理解根据短文内容，判断句子正(A)误(B)，在答题卷上将对应的字母编号涂黑。

(A)

My name is Lily. This is my house. There are five rooms in my house. This is my father and
mother's room. There are three pictures on the wall. There is a desk near the window. There are
two chairs behind the desk. On the left of the room, there is a bathroom. We always wash our
bodies and hands in the bathroom. 0n the right, it's my room. There are four pictures and a
poster(海报) on the wall.

（1）This is Lily's house.

（2）There are four rooms in her house.

（3）There are three pictures in Lily's room.

（4）The bathroom is on the left of her father and mother's room.

（5）They sometimes wash their bodies and hands in the bathroom.

【答案】（1）1

（2）0

（3）0

（4）1

（5）1

【解析】【分析】请仔细阅读题目，找出关键字，再与文章内容进行比较，判断对错。

（1）通过文章中的（My name is Lily. This is my house.）可以知道这道题目是正确的；

（2）通过文章中的（There are five rooms in my house）可以知道这道题目是错误的；

（3）通过文章中的（There are four pictures and a poster(海报)on the wall.）可以知道这道
题目是错误的；

（4）通过文章中的（On the left of the room，there is a bathroom.）可以知道这道题目是
正确的；

（5）通过文章中的（there is a bathroom. We always wash our bodies and hands in the
bathroom.）可以知道这道题目是正确的。

【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的 把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键
词，在文章中寻找答案。


3．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误，用“正确”或“错误”表示


At school, the fire alarm rings. What do you do? You must stop and line up at the door. You
must leave your books and bags in the classroom. Always listen carefully to your teacher. Follow
your teacher and go outside. You must walk quickly. Then line up again outside. The teacher will
call 119. Then you must wait for the firemen. They will come soon. Listen carefully to your
teachers. You mustn't talk loudly. Be careful and stand with your class.

（1）Students mustn't line up at the door.


（2）Students mustn't take their books and bags with them.


（3）Students must walk slowly.

（4）The teacher will cal1 999.


（5）Wait for the firemen.


【答案】 （1）0

（2）1

（3）1

（4）0

（5）1

【解析】【分析】（1）根据You must stop and line up at the door.知，你必须排队。故答案
为错误。


（2）根据 You must leave your books and bags in the classroom. 知，学生应把书和包放在教
室。故答案为正确。

（3）根据You must walk quickly知，答案为正确。

（4）根据The teacher will call 119.知，老师应拨打119，而不是999.故答案为错误。

（5）根据Then you must wait for the firemen.知，你应该等着消防员。故答案为正确。

【点评】考查阅读及信息提取能力。


4．阅读理解阅读短文，判断正误。

Near my home there is a big zoo. There are many animals there. They are tigers, lions,
elephants and so on. I often go to the zoo with my parents. I like pandas best. They are very
beautiful and lovely. There are three pandas in the zoo: a father panda, a mother panda and a
baby panda. I like them very much. Look! They have black eyes, white faces, black ears and fat
bodies (身体). They wear black and white coats all the time (一直，总是). They like to eat green
bamboo. Pandas live in China. Their hometown (故乡) is in Sichuan. They are very friendly and
cute. Do you like pandas?

（1）There are many animals in the park.

（2）I like pandas best. They're lovely and beautiful.

（3）There are four pandas in the zoo: a father panda, a mother panda and their two babies.

（4）Pandas have black eyes and black ears. They're very fat.

（5）Pandas live in China. Their hometown is in Wuhan.

【答案】（1）0

（2）1

（3）0

（4）1

（5）0

【解析】【 分析】文章大意：本文主要是作者介绍自己家附近的一个动物园，详细介绍了

自己所喜欢 的动物熊猫。

（1）句意：公园里有很多动物。根据 Near my home there is a big zoo. There are many
animals there.知，我家附近有一个动物园，里面有许多动物，故答案为为错误。

（2）句意：我最喜欢熊猫。它们又可爱又漂亮。根据 I like pandas best. They are very
beautiful and lovely.知，作者最喜欢熊猫，他们很美很可爱，故答案为正确。

（3）句意：动物园里有四只熊猫：熊猫爸爸，熊猫妈妈和它们的熊猫宝宝。根据There
are three pandas in the zoo可知动物园有三只熊猫，故答案为错误。

（4）句意：熊猫有着黑色的眼睛和黑色的耳朵。它们很胖。根据They have black
eyes, white faces, black ears and fat bodies (身体).知熊猫有黑色的眼睛、白色的脸、黑色的
耳朵和胖身体，故答案为正确。

（5）句意：熊猫住在中国。它们的家乡是武汉。根据Pandas live in China. Their hometown
(故乡) is in Sichuan.知熊猫生活在中国，他们的家乡是四川，故答案为错误。

【点评】考查阅读 理解，浏览文章大意，理解问题意思，根据问题在文章中找到原句判断
对错。


5．阅读理解阅读短文，判断句子的对错。

Many parts of the world have four seasons. They are spring, summer, fall and winter. Spring
follows winter. It becomes warmer and the days become longer. Plants begin to grow and many
animals have babies. Summer is the hottest season. It does not get dark until late. Plants grow
fast. In fall the days get shorter. The weather turns cooler. Trees may lose their leaves. Some birds
fly to warmer places. Winter is the coldest season. It gets dark early in the evening. Plants stop
growing and many trees are bare(光秃).

（1）All parts of the world have four seasons.

（2）Many animals have babies in spring.

（3）Summer is the hottest season.

（4）The day becomes longer in fall.

（5）Winter comes. The plants stop growing.

【答案】 （1）0

（2）1

（3）1

（4）0

（5）1

【解析】【分析】这是介绍四季的短文。

（1）句意：世界上所有的地方都有四季。根据短文句子 Many parts of the world have four
seasons.（世界上的许多地区都有四季。）可知题目叙述错误。故答案为：错误。

（2）句意：许多动物在春季产崽。根据短文句子 Plants begin to grow and many animals
have babies.（植物开始生长，许多动物产崽。）可知题目叙述正确。故答案为：正确。

（3）句意：夏天是最炎热的季节。根据短文句子 Summer is the hottest season.（夏天是最
炎热的季节。）可知题目叙述正确。故答案为：正确。

（4）句意：在秋季白天变得较长。根据短文叙述 In fall the days get shorter.（在秋季白天
变得较短。）可知题目叙述错误。故答案为：错误。

（5）句意：冬天来了。植物停止生长。根据短文叙述 Plants stop growing and many trees
are bare.（植物停止生长许多树木变得光秃秃的。）可知题目叙述正确。故答案为：正
确。

【点评】这是考查阅读理解的题目，仔细阅读短文，根据相关叙述来判断正误。


6．阅读理解孩子们周六一起去拜访Miss Tam，他们正在做什么呢？根据要求做题

（1）There are people in the picture.

A. six B. seven C. eight

（2）Miss Tam is orange juice.

A. drink B. drinking C. drinks

（3）Paul is eating a .

A. banana B. cake C. sandwich

（4） is making a phone call.

A. John B. Jane C. Ann

（5）Jane is talking to .

A. the bird B. Ben C. Sam

（6）Is John playing the guitar?________

（7）What are Ben and Sam doing?________

【答案】（1）B

（2）B

（3）C

（4）C

（5）A

（6）No, he isn't. He's playing the violin.

（7）They're singing a song.

【解析】【分析】这是一张描述孩子们活动的图片.

（1）这是细节理解, 根据图片当中总共有7个人. 7是故答案为: B.

（2）这是细节理解, 根据图片Miss Tom正在喝桔汁. 这是现在进行时的题目, 喝是
这里用现在分词drinking. 故答案为: B.

（3）这是细节理解, 根据图片Paul正在吃三明治. 三明治是，故答案为: C.

（4）这是细节理解, 根据图片Ann正在打电话. 故答案为: C.

（5）这是细节理解, 根据图片Jane正在和鸟说话. 鸟是故答案为: A.

（6）这是细节理解, 根据图片John正在拉小提琴. 回答用否定回答. 故答案为: No, he isn't.
He's playing the violin.

（7）这是细节理解, 根据图片Ben和Sam正在唱歌. 这是现在进行时, 故答案为: They're
singing a song.

【点评】这是考查阅读能力的题目. 仔细观察图片, 然后根据图片来解答题目的问题.