pep五年级下册英语语法知识点
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2021年01月29日 07:58
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歌颂老师的句子-看的同义词
五年级下册英语语法知识点语法知识
1.
近义词
eat breakfast
—
have breakfast
eat lunch
—
have lunch
eat dinner
—
have dinner
play sports
—
do sports
usually
—
often
复数形式:
policeman
—
policemen
policewoman
—
policewomen
现在分词:
tell
—
telling
三单:
say
—
says
同义句:
What do you do ? ---What are you?
你是干什么的?
2
、频度的副词:
always
总是,一直
usually
通常,常常
often
经常
sometimes
有时候
4
、介词后 跟表示时间的词语时,表示在某年、某月、某个季节,某个时候(在上午,在下
午,在晚上)用
in
;表示在某一天,在星期几用
on
,在具体的几点几分用
at.
5
、
too
和
either
的用法区别:
too
和
either
都是“也”的意思,但
too
用于肯定句,
either
用
于否定句。
第二单元语法知识
1.同义词:
autumn
(英)—
fall
(美)
对应词:
wake up
—
sleep
go to bed
—
get up
2.
三单:
say
—
says
ask
—
asks
come
—
comes
3.
同义句:
What
’
s your favourite season?
(你最喜爱的季节是什么?)
----Which season do you like best?(
你最哪个季节?
)
4
.表示天气的 介词。当表示某地某个季节的天气情况时,要把季节放在前面,地点放在后
面。其结构为:
Wh at
’
s the weather like in
季节
in
地点?
第三单元主要语法点:
1
、关于月份:
(
1
)五月
May
,
六月
June,
七月
July
,没有简写形式。九月
September
的简
写形式是前四个字母加点
Sept.
其他八个月的简写形式是 前三个字母加点。
(
2
)无论是完
全形式还是简写形式,表示
12< br>个月的单词的第一个字母都要大写。
2
、关于基数词变序数词。
(
1
)
一般情况下,
直接在基数词后面加
th.
(
one , two , three
除外)
。
one
—
first , two
—
second ,
three
—
third .
(2)
以
ve
结尾的基数词,变
ve
为
f,
再加
th.
如:
five
—
fifth , twelve
—
twelfth.
(3)
以
t
结尾的基数词,直接加
h
。如
eight
—
eighth.
(4)
以不发音的字母
e
结尾的,丢掉不发音的字母
e
,再加
th.
如
nine
—
ninth.
(5)
以
y
结尾的整十数,在变为序数词时,将
y
变为
ie
,
再加
th.
如
twenty
—
twentieth
(
6< br>)
20
以上的两位数,变为序数词时,十位数不变,只将个位上的数变为序数词。如:< br>twenty-one--
—
--twenty-first , twenty- two
——
twenty-second ,
thirty- four
——
thirty-fourth
(7)
序数词的简写 形式为表示该词的阿拉伯数字加上该单词的最后两个字母,最后两个字母
要变成上标格式。如:
first
—
1st , second
—
2nd ,
third
—
3rd ,
fourth
—
4th . twentieth
—
20th
3.
回答
When
is
your
birthday?
这个问题,如果只说明生日在几月份, 在月份前用
in.
如
My
birthday
is
in
July.
如果要具体说明生日是在几月几日,则要把
in
去掉,直接用
is
,或者在
is
后加
on
。如
My birthday is June 9th.
或
My birthday is on June 9th .
4.
注意区分两个句子:
What day is it today ?
今天星期几?
What
’
s the date today?
今天是几月几日?
5.
根据要求写单词
:
make (
现在分词
)---making.
send(
现在分词
)---sending.
6
.句子:
How many birthdays are in October ?
有几个人的生日在十月?
There are 3.
7. My birthday is in February .(
变为一般疑问句
)---Is your birthday in February?
8. Does she have a computer?
她有计算机吗?当第三人称单数和句子中出现了
does
时,其
他动词必须使 用原型。
9
、读序数词时,前面一定要加
the.
如
October 1st .
读作
October the first.
10
、同义句:
Who has a birthday in October?===Whose birthday is in October?
第四单元知识点:
1
、在电话中介绍自己时,可以用“
It
’
s
„
”或者‘
This is
„
.
’
。但是不能用“
I am
„”
或者“
My name is
„”
2.
在电话中表另一个人接电话时,应该说:
“
Can I speak to
„
?
”
3
、告诉别人接电话时,说:
There is a call for you.
4
、在接电话时请别人稍候说:
Hold on please.
或者
Please hold on.
5
、动词变为现在分词(加
ing
)的规则:
(
1
)
一般情况下,在动词的后面直接加
ing.
如:
play
—
playing
clean
—
cleaning
draw
—
drawing
cook
—
cooking
(2)
以单个不发音的字母
e
结尾的动词,去掉不发音的字母
e
,再加
ing .
如:
write
—
writing come
—
coming take
—
taking make
—
making leave
—
leaving have
—
having
(3)
以重读闭音世结尾的动词,如果词尾只有一个辅音字母,则要先双写这个辅音字母,再
加
ing.
如:
run
—
running
swim
—
swimming
put
—
putting
sit
—
sitting
set
—
setting
五单元主要知识点:
1
、在英语中,当表示妈妈时,无论是人类妈妈还是动植物的妈妈,都可以用
she .
而表示
婴儿时,也都可以用
it.
2
、
系动词
be
的用法:
我是
am
你是
are, is
跟着他她它。
如果人称是复数,
扑面一律都用
are.
如:
I am reading a book.
He is cooking dinner.
We are doing an experiment.
Are you eating lunch?
3
、
With
除了表示和„一起外,还可以表示“使用”
,
如:
That elephant is drinking water with its trunk.
大象正在用它的象鼻喝水。
I am writing with my pen.
我正在用我的钢笔写字。
4
、当句子中出现了
can
时,动词一定要用原形。
如:
Can tigers really swim?
I can wash the clothes.
我会洗衣服。
I am washing clothes.
我正在洗衣服。
5
、
can , usually , often , sometimes , always
这几个单词都是一般现在时的好朋友,当句子中
出现了它们时,动词一般都要用原形。
now,
am , is , are
这几个单词都是现在进行时的好朋友,当 句子中出现了它们时,动词要用
现在分词形式,也就是
ing
形式。
第六单元主要知识点:
1
、现在进行时的句子变一般疑问句时,只要将系动词
be(am is are )
和主语交换位置,将句
末的句号变为问号,但是要注意第一人称和第二人称时,人称和系动词的 相应变化。
如:
I am reading a book? ------Are you reading a book?
You
’
re walking . -----Am I waling?
He is cooking dinner . -------Is he cooking dinner?
2
、表示用什么做个实验时,要用
on
。如
Do an experiment on me , please.
3. It
’
s time to
后跟动词的原形,
It
’
s time for
后跟名词。
如:
It
’
s time to go to school.
该去上学了。
(到了去上学的时间了。
)
It
’
s time for English class.
到英语课的时间了。
It
’
s time to have English class.
该上英语课了。
英语下册知识点总结
二、重点短语讲解
1.
play with
和
…
一起玩
play with sb.(
某人
)
和
…
一起玩
play with sth.(
某物
)
玩某物
e.g. Lucy and Lily are playing with their mother.
Lucy and Lily are playing with their doll.
2.
a lot of
很多
a lot of = lots of +
可数名词复数或不可数名词
e.g.
同义句转换
There are a lot of apples on the table.
=There are ______ ______ apples on the table. (
答案:
lots of)
3. how often
多久一次
how often
是一个特殊疑问词,就频率提问 。英语表示频率的词:一
次:
once
两次:
twice
特殊
其他次数:基数词
+times
构成
例如:
8
次
eight times
e.g. --How often do you go to the library?
--I go to the library once a week. (
注:如就划线部分提问,应用特殊疑问词
how often)
4.
how many
多少
how many/much
就数量提问
how many +
可数名词;
how much +
不可数名词
e.g.-- How many boys are there in your class?
-- There are 40 boys in my class.
-- How much water is there in the bottle?
- There is a little water in the bottle.
5. be good at
擅长
at
后
可加名词
如加动词,动词应用动名词形式
既
v + ing
e.g. I am good at English.
6. be interested in
对
…
感兴趣
in
后
可加名词
如加动词,动词应用动名词形式
既
v + ing
e.g. I am interested in English.
7. play the violin
拉小提琴
乐器前加定冠词
the
8. listen to music
听音乐
听
…
,用
listen to
(
1
)
.
听音乐前,不加定冠词
the
(
2
)
.
听收音机前,要加定冠词
the : listen to the radio
9. come from
来自,
come from = be from
,
I come from China. = I am from China.
易错点:
Where are you come from? (
错误
)
Where do you come from? (
正确
)
10. play football
踢足球
{
球类名词前不加冠词
}
11
.
be famous for
因
…
闻名
12. have a look at
看一看
have a look at = look at
13. how much
多少(钱)
how much
用来询问价格
14. a pair of
一双;一对
a pair of glasses; a pair of trousers; a pair of gloves
15. try on
试穿
试穿鞋子
try on the shoes = try the shoes on
试穿它
此处它是代词,只能放在
try on
之间
try it on
14. see a doctor
看医生
常用表示
“
看
”
的单词有:
watch; see; look; read .
watch:
用于看电视,比赛等;
watch TV watch football match
see:
看见
强调结果,看到什么;看医生、看电影时用
see see a film; see a doctor
15. take good care of
好好照顾
take (good) care of = look after
16. have a fever
发烧
have a +
表示症状的单词
have a fever; have a toothache; have a headache
have +
病名
have
measles (
麻疹
) have mumps (
腮腺炎
)
17. have to
不得不
Her mother is ill, she has to look after her mother, so she can’t come to the
party.
重点:含有
have to
的句子变否定
用
don’t
或
doesn’t
e.g. She has to finish her homework..
She doesn’t have to fi
nish her homework. (
正确
) She has not to finish her homework.(
错误
)
18. be worried about
担心
She is worried about her exam.
19
.help … with
帮助
…
做某事
help …with = help sb. (to) do sth.