大学英语语法(英语专业必看)

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2021年01月30日 17:41
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2021年1月30日发(作者:干部任职公示范文)
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Identify the uncountable nouns



1. Nouns that have no distinct, separate parts, we look as the whole (
气、液、固体
)


2. Nouns that have parts that are too small or insignificant to count (sand grass hair)


3. Nouns that are classes or categories of things (food, clothing, money) P49


4. Nouns that are abstraction (life, work, music)



5. Subjects of study (history, math)
不可数变可数三大规律







1.
物质名词
(
总称名词
)
若表示不同的种类,或者表示 特定的意思,或者是液体名词
表示

几杯



几 瓶

这样的数量时。

2.
抽象名词若是具体化,则可数。与此相反,可数转化为不可数。

3.
当一 个名词表示抽象、总称的概念,则为不可数,当一个名词表示具体、特定的
事物,则为可数。

物质名词
/
总称名词变可数













1.
总称名词具体化

A: Would you like a cake?
B: No. I don’t like cake.

2.
物质名词变意思

I need some paper. / I bought a paper.
3.
液体物质名词表数量



Two beers and three coffees, please.
抽象名词变可数









Art (an art) / beauty (a beauty) / youth (a youth)
Eg. 1.
Youth
is not a time of life. It is a state of mind.
2. When as a child I laughed and wept

time crept.
When as a youth I dreamed and talked-time walked.
2Articles
Specific reference--the






















1.
特指是针对交际双方来说的

2.
特指就是根据说话者和听话者共有的知识,或根据上下文,可以识别的事物。

3.
说话者用
the
是想要听话者找到双方心中都知道的所知,而听话者一方
“< br>断定



还原

所指对象的方法有多种。

1. Situational/cultural reference
Eg. Albert Einstein, the famous physicist.
2. textual co-reference


anaphoric reference (
前指)

&

cataphoric reference
(后指

1. general knowledge

(the sun, the moon, the North Pole, the Equator, the universe, the
Renaissance, the Pope
罗马教皇)

2. specific knowledge/ local use

(let’s go to the library)

3. immediate situation

(The roses are very

beautiful.

Can you find the page?

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