不定式用法归纳
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2021年01月31日 23:07
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不定式用法归纳
Mar 5, 2011
主要用法：
1)
主语
2)
表语
3)
宾语
4)
宾补
5)
定语
6)
状语
7)
疑问词
+
不定式
8)
不定式复合结构
9)
不定式主动表被动
10) it
指代不定式
11)
不定式时态
12)
不定式的省略
一
.
做主语
To see is to believe.
It feels good to be out here for a walk.
二
.
作表语
To see is to believe.
My wish is to live peacefully.
三
.
做宾语
I want to make a call.
He managed to pass the driving test.
区别：
try to do / doing
努力做
/
尝试做
stop to do / doing
停下一件事去做另一件事
/
停下正在做的事
remember (forget, regret) to do / doing
没有做用
to do;
做过了用
doing
mean to do / doing
打算做
/
意味着
go on to do / doing
接着做另一件事
/
继续做同一件事
四
.
做宾补
感官动词
/
使役动词
+
宾语
+
do
（这里免
to
的不定式作宾补）
常用的感官动词：
see, hear, feel
常用的使役动词：
have, let
They knew her very well. They had seen her grow up from childhood.
As you’ve never been here before, I’ll have someone show you the way. (90
上海）
The
mother
felt
herself
grow
cold
and
her
hands
trembled
as
she
read
the
letter
from
the
battlefield. (2006
上海
)
五
.
作定语
1
/
41
用法
1
：不定式和被修饰词之间有动宾关系。
I don’t have a pen to writ
e with.
There is nothing to worry about.
I’ve found a house to live in.
He gave me a chair to sit on.
I lit a candle to read by.
用法
2
：将要发生
In the few weeks to come, we’ll have more activities like this.
In the classes to follow, he’ll teach us more
grammar.
The Chinese people are proud of the Olympic Games to be held in Beijing.
用法
3
：介词
+ which / whom + to do
The poor man has no house in which he can live.
= The poor man has no house in which to live.
I want some money with which I can buy a book.
= I want some money with which to buy a book.
用法
4:
序数词后用不定式。
She is always the first to get to school.
He is always the last to leave the classroom.
[
高考
]
—
The last one_______ pays the meal.
—
Agreed!
A
．
arrived
B
．
arrives
C
．
to arrive
D
．
arriving
( C )
六
.
做状语
(
一
)
目的状语
To realize my dream, I must work hard.
To sleep late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm. (2001
春
)
区别：
to, in order to, so as to
(
二
)
结果状语
He hurried to the station, only to find that the train had gone.
He hurried to the booking office, only to be told that the tickets had been sold out.
结论：
only to do
常用于结果状语，表示不太好的结果。
such … as to
/
so… as to
如此
…
以致
He is such a foolish man as to believe his wife.
He is so foolish as to believe his wife.
(
三
)
原因状语
I’
m too happy to meet you.
You were silly not to have locked your car. (2004
湖南
)
We are proud to be young people of China.
2
/
42