动词不定式(The-Infinitive)
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2021年01月31日 23:47
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英语a级真题-交心谈心
动词不定式
(The-Infinitive)
Unit1
Infinitive(
动词不定式
)
Teaching aims
1 .Knowledge Aim: The Infinitive
2. Ability Aims: Enable Ss to use the Infinitive correctly.
3. Learning ability: Teach Ss how to use the Infinitive correctly.
Teaching important points: The Infinitive
Teaching difficult points: Using the Infinitive correctly in different situations.
Teaching methods
Task-based learning
instructions
practice
Teaching aids:
Multi-media classroom and other normal teaching tools
Teaching Procedures
I.
不定式在句中的功能
做主语
:
那样做是很幼稚的
. To act like that is childish.
为避免句子出现
“
头重脚轻
”
现象
,
常用
it
做形式主语
,
将真正主语的不定式后置
.
要学好英语不是那么容易的。
It is not easy to learn English well.
(2)
做宾语
她喜欢谈论这件事情。
She loves to talk about the matter.
他希望不久能找到工作
.He hopes to find a job soon.
常接不定式做宾语的动词有：
afford,
agree,
aim,
arrange,
ask,
attempt,
begin,
bother,
care,
choose,
continue,
dare,
decide,
demand,
expect,
fail,
hate,
hope,
learn,
long,
manage,
mean,
need, offer, plan, prefer, prepare, promise, prove, refuse, want, wish
等
<1>.
不定式有时和连接代
/
副词一起构成宾语
.
Do you remember which way to get there?
下一步干什么你决定了吗
?
Have you decided what to do next?
我来问他怎么样开这机器
.
I’ll ask him how to operate the machine.
<2>
有时不定式由
whether
引起
.
I didn’t know whether to laugh or cry about it.
<3>feel, find, judge, make, think, believe, consider
等动词后如果是不定式做宾语
,
补语是形容
词
(
间或是名词
),
常用
it
作形式宾语
,
把不定式后 移
.
I find it difficult to work with him.
3.
做宾语补足语
:
常带
to
的不定式做宾语补足语的动词有
:
ask,
beg,
prefer,
help,
promise,
wish,
want,
expect,
permit,
request,
allow,
command,
tell
,invite,
cause,
encourage,
warn,
advise,
persuade,
force,
order, remind, teach,
等
.
Father will not allow us to play on the street.
My brother asked me to clean the room with him.
后接不带
to
的不定式做宾语补足语的动词有
: let, hear, have , make ,see, observe, feel, watch,
notice
等
.
The policeman saw a child play in the street.
A child was seen to play in the street by the policeman.
4.
做表语
不定式可用作表语
,
说明主语的具体内容
.
My work is to clean the room every day.
我的梦想是成为一名医生
.His dream is to be a doctor.
5.
做定语
不定式放在被修饰的名词、代词后面，往往表示未发生的动作。
I have a lot of work to do.
She is the first student to come to school.
6.
做状语
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动词不定式
(The-Infinitive)
(1)
做目的状语，常用的结构：
to do in order to do, so as to do, so/ such…as to do, etc.
I come here to say good-bye to you.
(2)
做结果状语
：常与副词
only , enough
或
too
连用。
He studied hard only to fail the exam.
He is old enough to go to school.
不定式做原因状语：一般用在句尾
I’m glad to see y
ou.
She wept to see the sight.
III.
不定式的否定结构：
不定式的否定结构多由：
“not +
不定式
”
构成，
否定副词
not, never, seldom, hardly
等要置
于
to
前。
请告诉你的小孩不要在街上玩耍
.Please tell your child not to play in the street.
她检查名字为了不犯错误
.She checked the names so as not to make mistakes.
IV.
不定式的时态：
（
1
）一般时表示的动作，有时 与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词表示
的动作之后。
He seems to know this.
他似乎知道这事。
I hope to see you again.
我希望再见到你。
（
2
）完成时表示的动作发生在谓语动词表示的动作之前。
很抱歉给了你这么多麻烦。
I’m sorry to have given you so much trouble.
(3)
一般进行时表示的动作正在进行，与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生。
他好象正在吃什么东西。
He seems to be eating something.
（
4
）完成进行时表示的动作从过去开始并延续至说话的时候。
据说她研究这问题有好多年了。
She is said to have been working on the problem for many years.
Step
Ⅳ
Practice
1. She reached the top of the hill and stopped______ on a big rock by the side of the path.
to have rested
B. resting
C. to rest
D. rest
2. We’re planning ______ a party next week.
A. to have
B. have
C. having D. had
3. ---Which do you prefer ____ your weekends, fishing or watching TV?
---- Neither.
Spending
B. to spend
C. being spent
D. spend
4. Did you find out _____ the pie out of the oven?
A. When to take
B. to take
C. have taken
D. being taken
5._____ get a complete picture, further information is needed.
In order that
B. In order to
C. Being
D. To have
6. It’ s necessary ____ so
me English grammar.
A. for students to learn B. for students learning C. of students to learn students learning
7. I ought to ____ him the news, but I forgot to do so.
A. remember to tell
B. remember telling
C. have remembered to tell
D. have remembered telling
8. I ____ you the exciting news, but you were not at home.
Meant telling
B. meant to telling
C. Meant to having told
D. meant to tell
Practice
1-5
CABAB
6-8 ACD
高考链接
1.I don’t want ____ like I’m speaking ill of anybody, but the manager’s plan is unfair. (2005
天津
)
A. To sound
B. to be sounded
C. Sounding
D. to have sounded
解析
: want
后接不定式
;sound
是系动词
,
没有被动式
;
句中没有强调完成的时间状语或含义
.
was unbelievable that the fans waited outside the gym for three hours just ____ a look at the
2 / 5