动词不定式被动语态讲解
温柔似野鬼°
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2021年02月01日 00:02
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四德歌歌词-忘不了的伤
一、
当不定式的逻辑主语是不定式所表示的动作的承受者而非发出者时， 不定式一般要采
用被动形式
(to be done).
语法功能：
1
．作主语：
It is an honour for me
to be asked
to speak here.
2
．作宾语：
She asked
to be sent
to work in
Xinjiang.
3
．构成复合宾语：
He wanted the letter
to be typed
at once.
She didn‟t like herself
to be praised
like that.
4
．构成复合谓语：
The books are not allowed
to be taken out of the room
.
5
．作定语：
Are you going to the meeting
to be held
in the teachers‟ office?
6
．作状语：
She was too young
to be assigned
such work.
二、不定式有时还可以有完成式的被动式
to have been done< br>（表示该动作是发生在主句之前
的一个被动动作）
，在句中作主语、宾语、定语，或者构 成复合宾语、复合谓语等，如：
It is a good thing for him
to have been criticized.
（主语）
She preferred
to have been given
heavier work to do. (
宾语
)
）
He thought it an honour
to have been invited
to the party.
（复合宾语）
The book is said
to have been translated
into many languages.
（复合谓语）
She was the first woman
to have been elected
to such a post.
（定语）
三、不定式的主动形式表示被动
1
．在
there be
结构中。
例如：
There is no time to lose (to be lost).
2
．在
“n
／
pron + be + adj + to do”
结构中。常用的形容词有
easy
，
difficult
，
hard
，
impossible
，
nice
，
pleas ant
，
light
，
heavy
，
interestin g
，
important
，
expensive
，
chea p
，
fit
，
dangerous
等。
例如
He is hard to convince.
He is an impossible person to work with
．
3.
在
“too—to do; enough…to…”
结构中。如：
The problem is too difficult to work out (to be worked out)
．
The house is big enough to live in.
（不及物动词要补出相应的介词）
4
．在
“with+n+to do”
结构中。
（和逻辑主语是主动关系）
例如：
With nothing to do
，
he lay in bed
．
With so many exercises to do
，
I can„t go to the cinema
．
5
．当不定式的逻辑主语在句中出现时。
例如：
I have a letter to type today
．
(I
是
to type
的逻辑主语
)
Do you have anything to say?