一般疑问句、特殊疑问句
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2021年02月01日 10:18
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陈述句
含义：用于陈述事实和观点的句子。陈述句包括肯定结构和否定结构。
This is a desk.
（肯定结构）
He can sing and dance.
（肯定结构）
He doesn’t have a computer.（否定结构）
There aren’t any pictures.（否定结构）
肯定句变否定句：
1.
be
动词的否定式
be:am ,is ,are,was were
构成否定式时，一律在后面加否定词
not
He is reading. →He is not reading.
They
are from China. →They are not from China.
2.
情态动词的否定式
情态动词：
can, could, must , may, might, will, would
，
shall,should ,
need,„„
构成否定式时，一律在情态动词后面加否定词
not
I can swim. →I can not swim.
You should arrive here on time.
→You should not arrive here on time.
3.
实意动词的否定句
实意动词：
即行为动词
,
表示动作的动词。
它分为及物动词和不及 物动词两种
（及
物动词是指后面要求有
宾语
的动词；
不及物动词指后 面不需要跟宾语
的动词）
构成否定式时，要借助助动词
do,
does,
did
，在一般现在时中用
do
或者
does
，
在一般过去时中用
did
。
结构为：主语+don’t
doesn’t
didn’t+动词原形
+
其它
I like pop music. →I don’t like pop music.
She often swims. →She doesn’t often swim.
He handed in his homework.
→He didn’t hand in his homework.
一般疑问句
含义：一般疑 问句是
疑问句
的一种。它是只用
yes
（是）或
no
（否） 来回答的句
子。其结构是：系动词
be/
助动词
/
情态动词
+
主语
+
其他成分
1)
谓语
动词是
be
动词
规律：
He is a student. Is he a student?
1
She is swimming. Is she swimming?
2)
谓语中含有助动词
have/has/had (
通常是在现在完成时和过去完成时中：
have / has / had +
过去分词
)
规律：
Tom has finished his homework. →Has Tom finished his homework?
I have eaten breakfast.
→
Have you eaten breakfast?
3)
谓语动词中含有情态动词时。
规律：
He can swim. →Can he swim?
I should go to school.
→
Should I go to school?
4)
谓语动词是行为动词，必须在句首加上助动词。加上这些助动 词后，句子中
谓语动词必须用原形。
规律：
Tom built a science lab himself lab when he is 20 years old.
→Did Tom build a science lab h
imself lab when he is 20 years old
？
She likes drinking milk.
→
Does she drink milk?
They often swim.
→
Do they ofen swim.
注意
：
1.
把肯定句改成一般疑问句时，要 注意句中是否有
already,some,something,somebody
等词，如 果有，就要进行改变。
already,some,something,somebody
等 分别改成
yet,any,anything,anyone
She has already finished her work.
→
Has she finished her work yet?
2.
注意人称的变化。
My mother is a teacher.
Is your mother a teacher?
3.
以下问句固定的回答：
Is this/that/a/an+
物
--------
yes,it is./No,it isn’t.
Are they /those/these„?
---------
Yes,they are./No,they aren’t.
特殊疑问句
含义：以疑问代词或疑问副词开头，提出疑问的句子。
基本结构：特殊疑问词
+
一般疑问句
注意：
A
疑问词的选择：
1.
疑问代词
who
谁，
whom
谁，
whose
谁的，
which
哪些(
个
)
，
what
什么
2.
疑问副词（作状语）
2
when
何时，
wh ere
何地，
why
为什么，
how
如何，
how
much
多少
(
不可数
)
，
how many
多少
(
可数），
how long
多久，
how old
多大年纪，
how far
多远。
1)
问“谁”用
who
或
whom
Leilei is a doctor. Who is a doctor?
(
对主语提 示用
who,
对宾语提问用
who,whom
均可
)
2)
问“谁的”用
whose
This is his book. Whose book is this?
3)
问“哪个”用
which,what
I like this one among thesree three.
Which do you like among these three?
I like English best. What do you like best?
4)
问“时间”用
when
或
what time
I go there in the morning ? When do you go there
It is 4 o
’
clock. What time is it?
(when
既可以对时间点提问，也可对年、月、日等时间提问
;what
time
通常只对
时间点提问
)
5)
问“地点”用
where
The ball is under the bed. Where is the ball?
6)
问“原因”用
Why
He did not come because he was ill.
Why did not he come?
7)
问“方式”或“身体状况”用
how
He did it in that way. How did he do it.
I am fine. How are you?
B
疑问句的语序：
1
．
对句子的主语提问，其语序是疑问词
+
谓语
+
其他成分
She is their teacher. Who is their teacher
？
2
．
对句子主语的定语 提问，其语序是疑问词
+
主语
+
谓语
+
其他成分
My book is over there. Whose book is over there?
3
．
对表语、宾语或状语提问，其语序是疑问词
+
一般疑问句
He lives in Beijing. Where does he live?
4
．
对表语或宾语的定语提问，其语序是疑问词
+
表语或 宾语
+
一般疑问句
I am looking for my watch. Whose watch are you looking for?
C
如何完成对划线部分提问？
1.
针对划线部分找准要使用的特殊疑问词
2.
把原句变成一般疑问句
3.
用第一步中的特殊疑问句加第二步的一般疑问句（去掉划线部分）
3