初中英语中考英语基础语法专题复习【共13个专题】
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初中英语中考英语基础语法
专题复习【共
13
个专题】
第二部分
中考题型全接触
基础题型篇
基础题型一
单项选择
§
1
基础语法
（一）名词
01
命题趋势
考标导向化
近几年全国各地中考对名词 的考查主要是词义辨析及名词
所有格，名词变复数的规则也是各地中考的考点之一。随着“淡
化 语法，注重语言运用和交际”这一理念被广泛认同，预计
2015
年各地中考对名词辨析的考查 将呈上升趋势。
特例清单
◎有些名词既是可数名词，又是不可数名词，但意义有所不同。
如：
work(
工作
)
—
a work(
著作
)
glass(
玻璃
)
—
a glass(
玻璃杯
)
paper(
纸
)
—
a paper(
报纸；文件；试卷
)
tea(
茶
)
—
a tea(
一种茶
)(
表示种类
)
wood(
木头
)
—
a wood(
小树林
)
room(
空间
)
—
a room(
房间
)
chicken(
鸡肉
)
—
a chicken(
小鸡
)
light(
光，光线
)
—
a light(
电灯
)
fish(
鱼肉
)
—
fis hes(
各种各样的鱼
)
exercise(
锻炼，运动
)
—
exercises(
习题
)
life(
生活
)
—
lives(
生命
)
orange(
橘子汁
)
—
an orange(
橘子
)
time(
时间
)
—
times(
倍，次数
)
hand(
帮助
)
—
a hand(
手
)
radio(
无线电
)
—
a radio(
收音机
)
02
定义
概念清晰化
名词是指人、地点、事物、行为、品质 、抽象概念、感情等
的名称的词。名词可分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。专有名词
表示具体的 人、
事物、
地点或机构的专有名称
(
如：
Beijing
，
China
，
Jack)
。普通名词表示某类人或某类事物的名称。普通名词 又可分
为个体名词
(
表示单个的人或事物，如：
astronaut
，
building
等
)
、
集体名词
(
表示一群人 或一些事物的总称，
如：
family
，
group
等
)< br>、
物质名词
(
表示无法分为个体的物质，
如：
water，
rice
等
)
和抽象名
词
(
表示抽象概念的 词，如：
health
，
education
等
)
。一般地 说，个
体名词和集体名词是可数的，称为可数名词，有单、复数之分；
物质名词和抽象名词是不 可数的，称为不可数名词，通常只有单
数，但在某些具体情况下也可以用复数。
【题组训练】
(
)1.(2014·
襄阳
)
—
What are you going to do when you grow up?
—
My _______ is to become an astronaut.
(
)2.(2014·
凉山
)
—
Where are you going
，
Sam?
—There isn’t any
______ in the fridge.
I’ll go and buy some.
bles
(
)3.(2014·
扬州
)
—
What a good _____
you’ve given me! Thanks
a
03
知识归类
知识网络化
❶
可数名词和不可数名词
分类图解
可数名词
分单、
复数两
种形式
前
面
可
用
基
数词、
不定冠
词修饰
desk
→
desks
bus
→
buses
three boys;
an orange
many
teachers;
friends
不可以被基数词和不
定冠词直接修饰 ，若
表示数量可用“单位
词
+
不可数名词”
可
数
名
词
的
复
数
前
可
用
any
修饰
可用
much, some, any
修饰
much
bread;
some milk
不可数名词
没有复数形式
tea
meat
a
piece
of
paper;
two
cups of tea
lot.
—
My pleasure.
ation
tion
(
)4.(2014·
乌鲁木齐
)
—
I have great _____ in learning physics and
I am so worried. Could you help me?
—
Sure
，
I’d be glad to.
st
on
e
(
)5.(2014·
菏泽
)My teacher gave me much _____ on how to study
English well when I had some trouble.
on
tion
m
many,
some,
some
❷
可数名词的复数形式
分类图解
情况
一般情况
构成方法
加
-
s
例词
cap
→
caps;
dog
→
dogs;
bike
→
bikes; driver
→
drivers
以
字
母
s,
加
-
es
sh,
ch,
x
等
结尾
以
辅
音
字
母
+y
结尾
以
f
或
fe
结
尾
变
y
为
i
再加
-es
一般变
f, fe
为
v
，再加
-es
o
前为辅音音
素
时加
-es,
o
前
为< br>元
音
音
素时加
-s
。
复合名词
将
后
一
个
词
变为复数
两
部
分
都
变
复数
特殊名词
改
变
内
部
元
音字母
词尾加
-ren
单复数同形
lady
→
ladies;
century
→
centuries;
family
→
families; story
→
stories
leaf
→
leaves;
life
→
lives;
half
→
halves; knife
→
knives
tomato
→
tomatoes;
hero
→
heroes;
potato
→
potatoes;
radio
→
radios;
zoo
→
zoos;
例外，
photo
→
photos;
piano
→
pianos
tooth- brush
→
tooth-brushes;
film-goer
→
film-goers
man
doctor
→
men
doctors;
woman
teacher
→
women teachers
foot
→
feet;
tooth
→
teeth;
man
→
men; mouse
→
mice
child
→
children
Chinese
→
Chinese;
sheep
→
sheep;
deer
→
deer
bus
→
buses; wish
→
wishes; watch
→
watches; box
→
boxes
Olympic Games(
奥林匹克运动会
)
(6)
复合名词 的复数形式分为两种：
一是只将主体名词变为复数形
式；二是如果是
man
，
woman
与其他名词组成的复合名词，那么
两个名词都要变为复数形式。如：
an apple tree
→
two apple trees; a
woman teacher
→
some women teachers
【题组训练】
(
)6.(2014·
广安
)
—
How many ______ are there?
—
About fifty.
s
es
(
)7.(2014·
内江
)You can find many _______ about the famous film
star on the Internet.
es
s
ation
(
)8.(2014·
永州
)
—
Whose _______ are these?
—
I think they are John
’
s.
(
)9.(2013·
茂名
)In autumn there are a lot of _____ on the ground.
(
)10.(2013·
贺州
)
—
What kind of porridge would you like
，
Alice?
—
I would like .
porridge
porridge
porridges
porridge
以
o
结尾
❸
不可数名词的计量
分类图解
特例清单
1.
“数词
+
名词
+
形容词” 构成的复合形容词，中间的名词须
用单数形式。如：
five-year-old 5
岁大的；
a five-pound note
一张
5
英镑的纸币
a six-foot-deep hole
一个
6
英尺深的洞
a ten-story-high building
一幢
10
层高的楼房
a two-inch- thick dictionary
一本
2
英寸厚的字典
a 100-meter race
一场百米赛跑
2.
以
-s
结尾的名词，有的作单数使用，有的作复数使用。
(1)
以
-s
结尾的学科类名词，一般是不可数名词。如：
maths,
physics, politics
等。
(2)
表示由两部分构 成的物体的名词，其形式上可数，若表达
具体数目时，
要借助数量词
pair
来表示，
其单复数形式取决于
pair
的单复数形式。如：
a pair of trousers
一条裤子。
(3)
以复数形式出现的书名、剧名、 报纸、杂志名词，看作单
数名词。如：
The
New
York
Times(
《纽约时报》
)
；
The
Arabian
Nights(
《一千零一夜》
)
(4)
以
-s
结尾表示国家、组织或公司名称的专有名词，通常被
看做单数。如：
the
United
States(
美利坚合众国
)
；
the
United
Nations(
联合国
)
(5)
以-s
结尾表示群岛、山脉、瀑布等自然景观的专有名词，
通常被看做复数。如：
t he
Huangguoshu
Falls(
黄果树瀑布
)
；
the
类型
个
数
单
位
词
容
器
单
位
词
bottle
box
bag
度
量
衡
单
位词
kilo
公斤
pound
英语
piece
drop
pile
cup
glass
汉译
张
滴
堆
杯
(
玻璃
)
杯
瓶
a bottle of juice; nine bottles of juice
例子
a piece of advice; two pieces of advice
a drop of ink; three drops of ink
a pile of wood; four piles of wood
a cup of coffee; seven cups of coffee
a glass of milk; eight glasses of milk
盒、
箱
a box of chalk; ten boxes of chalk
袋
磅
a bag of flour; eleven bags of flour
a
pound
of
meat;
fourteen
pounds
of
meat
a kilo of oil; two kilos of oil
特列清单
1.
不可数名词表示数量时，
可用
a lot of
，
much
，
little
，
a little
，
some
，
no
等修饰。如：
I want some water.
我想要一些水。
2.
不可数名词表示一 定的数量时，可借助可数名词，用“
a+
可数名词
+of+
不可数名词”结构 。表示复数意义时，把可数名词
变为复数形式。例如：
He needs two pieces of paper.
他需要两张纸。
【题组训练】
(
)11.(2014·
达州
)
—
After P.E.
，
I often feel very thirsty.
—
Why not buy some _____ to drink?
s
juice
(
)12.(2014·
绥化
)John didn’t find much
_____ about the accident.
e
(
)13.(2014·
广州
)Yesterday
for
dinner
I
had
a
piece
of
beef
，
vegetables and _______.
rice
B.a few rice
C.a little rices
D .a rice
(
)14.(2014·
益阳
)Please
give
me
some
____
on
how
to
learn
English well.
ation
(
)15.(2013·
黄冈
)
—
What would you like to drink
，
girls?
—
_______
，
please.
glass of water
glass of waters
glasses of water
cups of teas
我姐姐的家；
a stationer’s
文具店；
Chaplin’s
卓别林的
家。
3.
所有物+of+’s
结构或所有物
+of+
名词性物主代词=
双重所有格。如：
a friend of my father’s
我父亲的一个朋友
a pen of mine
我的一支钢笔
【题组训练】
(
)16.(2014·
绥化
)In China
，
we celebrate _____Day on June 1st
，
_____Day on September
，
10 th.
en’s;Teacher’s
en;Teachers
en’s;Teachers’
(
)17.(2014·
贺州
)
—Who’s that girl
over there?
—
Julia
，
she is a student of ______.
fathers’
father
fathers
father’s
(
)18.(2014·
曲靖
)Knowledge
can
help
open
up
the
_____
eyes
to
the outside world and give them a good start in life.
ts’
nt’s
ts
t’
(
)19.(2014·
广东
)Katherine was excited to receive a dozen of roses
from her husband on _____ Day.
’s
’s
(
)20.(2014·
长沙
)
—
Is the school bag under the desk yours?
—
No
，
it’s my
_______ .He left it there just now.
r
r’s
rs’
❹
名词所有格
分类图解
类型
有生命的名词
(
人或动物
)
以
s, es
结尾
的复数名词
只加
’
不以
(e)s
结
尾的复数名
词加
’s
无
时间、世
命
城市等
的
其他
名
词
一般用
of
结
构
一般在词尾
China’s
capital;
Chengdu’s
men’s
clothes;
Children’s
Day;
Women’s Day;
sheep’s wool
构成方法
在词尾加
’s
例子
Tom’s
book;
the
girl’s
ear
-ring;
the dog’s ears;
the hero’s name
the
students’
desks;
the
workers’
tools;
the teachers’ office
04
整合集训
反馈层级化
(
) two model planes on the table are____ .
twins’
twin’s
’s
(
)’s
common
_______
that
kangaroos
live
in
Australia.
ation
dge
ion
ction
(
)3.A human ________ can do some things better than a
computer,for example,it can create a new idea.
(
) England, if _____ is in the middle of the day, the
evening meal is called supper.
ast
(
)5.
—
Can
you
tell
me
who
the
old
woman
over
there
under the big tree is?
—Oh,she’s
______ grandmother.
and Mike’s
’s and Mike’s
’s and Mike
and Mike
(
)6.
—
Excuse me,is the supermarket far from here?
—No,it’s about
_______.
A.8 minutes walk
B.8 minute walk
C.8 minutes’ walk
D.8 minute’s walk
生
界、
国家、
加
’s
industries;
the world’s population;
today’s news
the door of the room; a map of the
world;
the
legs
of
the
tables;
a
way of life
特列清单
1.
用
and
连接两个并列名词的所有格：
(1)
当
and
连接的两个并列的单数名词表示共有关系时，
只在最后一个名词后加’s。 如：Mary
and
her
sister’s
bedroom
玛丽和她姐姐共有的卧室；Lily
and
Lucy’s
mother
莉莉和露西的妈妈。
(2)
当
and连接的两个并列名词表示分别拥有各自的物品
时，
两个名词都在词尾加’s
表示所 有关系。
如：
Tom’s
and Mary’s bags
汤姆和玛丽他们各自的包。
2.
表示店铺、医院、诊所、住宅等名 称时，常在表示职
业的名词或是姓氏后加上’s
代表场所。如：a
tailor’s
裁缝铺；
a barber’s
理发店；
a doctor’s
诊所；
my sister’s
(
)!The
________
are
playing
football
on
the
playground now.
’s student
student
student
students
(
)
is
well
known
that
is
a
good
friend
s
s
(
)17.
—
Could you tell me something about the boy who
helped you just now?
—
Sorry,I know nothing about are_________ .
of_______ .
’s uncle’s
’s uncle
’s of Tom
cle of Tom’s
(
) have no ______
in the ’s go and
buy some cucumbers,carrots and cabbages.
bles
(
) restaurant is so popular ,there are so
many ________ here.
(
)
the
______
teachers
enjoyed
themselves
on
March 8th,because it was their own holiday.
(
)12.
—
I want to buy the book The Transparent Carrot by
Mo you know its __________?
—
Not 25 yuan.
(
)13.
—
Can you get a piano for me,dear?
—But there isn’t enough
______for it in our house.
(
)!A
group
of
_____
are
talking
about
two_____ .
mans;German
s;Frenchmans
men;Germans
;Frenchmen
(
)
father
is
not
an
_____
doctor
but
a
_____
doctor.
’s;children’s
;children
’s;children
;children’s
(
) you work hard,you’ll get good
__________ .
参考答案：
(
一
)
名词
题组训练
1
—
5BBCDA6
—
10BBCCA 11
—
15CAACC16
—
20CDAD
B
整合集训
1
—
5ABCDA6
—
10CDAAC 11
—
15DDCCD16
—
20ADBA
s
ors
ates
ers
(
)18.
—Bill is you know what’s wrong with him?
—
Poor illness is the ______ of eating bad food.
(
) a three-day heavy rain,the lake rose ______.
feet and a half
and a half foot
and half feet
foot and a half
(
)
need
to
come
up
with
a(n)
_____
and
make
a
decision at once.
ation
(
)21.
—
Can I help you?
—I’d like
_________ for my twin daughters.
pair of shoes
pairs of shoe
pair of shoe
pairs of shoes
(
) was born in Canada,but Beijing has become
his second __________.
y
(
)23.
—
May I know your_________ ,Mr Yang?
—Of course.I’m 1.85 metres tall.
(
)’s difficult to hear your
_____ because the ______
of traffic is too high.
;noise
;voice
;sound
;voice
(
)
father
enjoys
playing
tennis.
It’s
one
of
his________ .
s
C21
—
25DADAD
（二）冠词
01
命题趋势
考标导向化
近几年中考对冠词的考查重点是不定冠词
a
和
an
的区别，
定
冠词及零冠词。对冠词的习惯用法的考查是主要考点之一， 所以
对此类用法一定要熟记在心。另外在学习中，应充分重视对最基
本的冠词知识的理解、掌握 ，同时注意冠词活用的问题。做题时
要弄清句子中的单数名词、复数名词或不可数名词及泛指、特指等概念。
预计
2015
年命题趋势仍可能是定冠词与不定冠词的区别
和冠 词的习惯用法。
词。如：
a knife and fork
一套刀叉
a table and chair
一套桌椅
4.
不可数名词前一般不用冠词，但如果具体化，表示一个具体的情况、动作或某一类事物时，可以用不定冠词
a
或
an
。如：
—
Have a smoke?
抽支烟吧？
—
No, thanks. I gave up smoking long time ago.
不了，谢谢，我
早戒了。
Tom started at a walk but soon broke into a run.
汤姆开始时步行，
但一会儿就奔跑起来了。
02
定义
概念清晰化
< br>冠词是一种虚词，不能在句子中作独立成分，要用在名词的
前面，帮助说明名词所指的人或事物。 它不能离开名词而单独存
在，因此，可以说冠词就是名词的一种标志。在英语中，冠词分
为不定 冠词
(a
和
an)
和定冠词
(the)
两种：
不定 冠词一般用于单数名
词前，表示泛指；定冠词既可修饰可数名词
(
单复数均可
)
，又可
修饰不可数名词，表示特指。
【题组训练】
(
)1.(2014·
来宾
)
—
Would you like____ new blue T-shirt
，
Mary?
—
Sorry
，
Mom. I prefer ______ orange one.
A.a;a
B.a;an
;a
;an
(
)2.(2014·
曲靖
)
—
Have
you
seen
the
film
Dad
，
Where
Are
We
Going?
—
’
s ________ interesting one.
A.a
D./
(
)3.(2014·
丽水
)Mrs.
Smith
has
______
8-year-old
daughter
who
has won two national painting prizes.
A.a
D.
不填
(
)4.(2014·
重庆
)I have ______ English dictionary and it helps me a
lot.
A.a
D./
(
)5.(2014·
镇江
)We can live a better life if we create ________ less
polluted world.
C.a
D.
不填
03
知识归类
知识网络化
❶
不定冠词
a(an)
分类图解
用法
1.a
用在辅音音素前，
an
用在元
音音素前。
2.
用于第一次提到的、
表示人或
物的可数的单数名词前，表示
“
一 个
”
，相当于
one
。
3.
用在可数的、
单数形式的普通
频率等度量上的
“
每一
”
等。
例子
This is a useful book.
He is an honest boy.
Here
is
a
map
of
the
United
States.
I have a story book.
An apple a day keeps the doctor
We
take
computer
lessons
once
a week.
4.
抽象名词在某些情况下可以
与不定冠词连用，表示
“
一种、
一场
”
等。
5.
用在单数名词前，
表示一类人
或物中的任何一个。
6 .
用在序数词前表示
“
又一、再
一
”
等。
7.
用于固定短语中。
特例清单
1.
有些单词虽然是以辅音字母开头，
但使用不定冠词
an
。
如：
ho ur
和
honest
以辅音字母
h
开头，但
h
并不 发音，因此用
an
。
2.
有些单词虽然是以元音字母开头，但使用 不定冠词
a
。如：
useful
和
university
以 元音字母
u
开头，但
u
发
/
ｊｕ
用
a。
3.
表示成套的东西时，两个并列的名词前只能用一个不定冠
/音，故使
The sun is a star.
A knife is used for cutting.
He
copied
the
article
a
third
time.
have
a
look,
a
lot
of,
have
a
good time, a little, a few
It’s
a
pleasure
to
have
a
chat
with you.
名词前，
表示价格、
速度、
时间、
away.
❷
定冠词
the
分类图解
用法
1.
用于谈话双方都清楚的名词
前，表示特指。
2.
用于再次被提到的名词前。
例子
Tom,
come
to
the
blackboard,
please.
There is a book on the desk. The
book is Tom’s.
3.
和一些名词连用，表示类别。
The
light
bulb
was
invented
by
Edison.
4.
用于被形容词、
介词短语或定
语从句修饰的名词前。
5.
用于形容词的最高级或序数
词前。
Tom is the tallest in our class.
Hand me the new book, please.
6.
用在世界上独一无二的事物
the sun, the moon, play the piano
或乐器前。
7.
用于姓氏的复数前表示
“
一家
The
Turners
are
at
breakfast
人
”
或
“
夫妇
”
。
table.
8.
与某些形容词连用表示一类
The young should help the old.
人或事物。
9.
用于由普通名词构成的专有
the Great Wall, the United States
名词前。
10.
用于一些固定短语中。
by the way, in the end
【题组训练】
(
)6.(2014·
永州
)The little girl began to play _____ violin at the age
of five.
A.a
C.
不填
(
)7.(2014·
十堰
)
—
Can you play ______ guitar?
—
Sure.
It’s a piece of cake for me.
A.a
D./
(
)8.(2014·
嘉兴
)
—What’s the matter with you?
—I can’t remember where I parked
_________ car.
A.a
D.
不填
(
)9.(2014·
淮安
)Beijing is one of _______ biggest cities in China.
A.a
D./
(
)10.(2014·
威海
)Mom
，
I
like
_______
green
T-shirt.
Could
you
buy it for me
？
A.a
D.
不填
❸
不用冠词的情况
分类图解
用法
例子
1.
在专有名词或不可数名
Paper is made of wood.
词前。
2.
名词前有指示代词、物
Go along this road.
主
代
词
或
不
定
代
词
作
定
Every
student
likes
English
in
our
语。
class.
3.
复数名词表示一类人或
My parents are teachers.
事物时。
4.
在节日、日期、月份、
Today is Children’s Day.
季节前。
It’s hot in summer.
5.
在一日三餐、球类运动、
He went to school without breakfast.
学科的名词前。
Let’s play football after school.
6.
在某些固定短语中。
in bed, in hospital, on foot, at school
特例清单
1.
如果三餐名词之前有定语修饰时，可加不定冠词。如：
We had a wonderful lunch.
我们吃了一顿很好的午餐。
He gave me a good supper.
他请我吃了一顿丰盛的晚餐。
2.
如果特指某顿饭时，可加定冠词。如：
The supper was different from that one.
这顿饭和那顿饭不同。
How did you like the
dinner they gave?
你们觉得他们提供的饭
怎么样？
3.
如果季节、月份或日期名词被一个限定词修饰时，前面可
加定冠词。如：
He came to Beijing in the winter of 1999.
他是
1999
年冬天来北
京的。
I bought the bike in the May of 2004.
这辆自行车是我
2004
年的
5
月份买的。
< br>4.
由
festival
组成的中国特有的节日前要加定冠词
the< br>。
如：
the
Spring Festival
春节；
the Lantern Festival
元宵节。
5.
某些短语中有无冠词
the
，意义会大不相同。如：
(1)go to school
去上学；
go to the school
到
(
所指
)
的学校去
(2)at table
用餐，在吃饭；
at the table
在桌边
(3)in hospital
生病住院；
in the hospital
在医院里
(
并非生病住
院
)
(4)in front of
在……前面
(
范围之外
)
；
in the front of
在……前
部
(
范围之内
)
(5)by sea(=by ship)
乘船，走水路；
by the sea
在海边
(6)in class
在上课；
in the class
在班上
(7)in place of
替代；
in the place of
在……地方
【题组训练】
(
)11.(2014·
内江
)
—
Would
you
like
to
come
to
my
party
this
afternoon?
—I’d like to
，
but my mother is ill in ____ hospital
，
I will go to____
hospital to see her.
A.
不填
;a
B.a;the
；
the
D.
不填
;the
(
)12.(2014·
兰州
)She likes playing _____ piano; her brother likes
playing _____ basketball.
;a
B.a:the
C./;the
;/
(
)13.(2014·
邵阳
)The young man in a blue coat is my PE teacher.
He often plays _________basketball with us.
B.a
C./
(
)14.(2014·
泰州
)Lu Jailed
，
14
，
from ______ Hangzhou Foreign
Language School
，
won _________ first place in the CCTV Character
Spelling Contest(
中国汉字听写大会
).
A./;the
B.a;the
C.a;a
D./;a
(
)15.(2014·
广东
)Eric
is
not
going
to
Nanjing
by
______
plane.
Instead
，
he is taking _________ train.
A./;a
B.a;/
C.a;the
;a
04
整合集训
反馈层级化
(
)
is
from
_____
European
country
and
he
is
_______honest boy.
A.a;a
B.a;an
;a
;an
(
)g is _____ capital of China and it is _____ city
with many places of interest.
A.a;a
B.a;the
;a
;the
(
)3.
—
Would
you
like
some
dumplings
for
______
our country.
B./
C.a
(
)
usually
go
to
____
school
on
weekdays,and
sometimes go to _____cinema at weekends.
A./;the
;the
;/
D./;/
(
)15.
—
How long does it take us to go to your hometown
from here?
—
It takes you ______ hour or more to go to my hometown
by _______ train.
supper?
—
But we just had dumplings on _______ Tuesday.
A.a;the
;a
C.a;a
D./;/
(
)4.
—
What
was
Professor
Wang
doing
at
this
time
yesterday?
—
She was giving her students ____ lesson on ____ history.
A.a;/
B.a;an
;the
;a
(
)5.
_____Whites
were
watching
TV
when
_____
telephone rang.
A.A;a
B.A;the
;the
D./;a
(
)6.
—
Why did you laugh just now?
—
Dad
wanted
to
tell
me
____
very
funny
story,
but
he
forgot ____ end himself.
A.a;an
;the
;a
D.a;the
(
)7.
—
How was ______
dinner at Mike’s house?
—It was ’s mum is
______wonderful cook.
A.a;the
;a
;the
D.a;an
(
)
has
tried
twice,
and
he
is
asked
to
have
______
third try.
B.a
D./
(
)9.
—
Excuse
you
have
any
books
about
_____
moon?
—
Yes,they are on ______ shelf over there.
A.a;a
B.a;the
;/
;the
(
)10.I
like
playing
____
chess,while
my
brother
is
interested in listening to _____ music.
A./;/
;the
;/
D.a;the
(
)
is
_____
airport
in
our
city,and
it
is
_____
first one in our province.
A.a;the
;/
C.a;/
;the
(
)12.
—There’s
_____
ball
on
the
ground.
Would
you
please pass ______ ball to me?
—
With pleasure.
;the
;a
C.a;a
D.a;the
(
)
have
raised
a
lot
of
money
for
_____
poor
in
;a
B.a;a
;/
D.a;/
(
)16.
—
Where are my shoes,Mum?
—I’ve
washed
them
for
have
to
wear
_____
different pair.
B.a
D./
(
)17.
—
Look!There is ____ useful book on the desk.
—
_____
book must be Lucy’ left there just now.
A.a;The
;The
;The
;A
(
)18.
—
Can Xie Xiaojun play _____ piano?
—
can play a little. She has made _____ decision
to learn to play more music.
;the
B.a;a
C.a;an
;a
(
)19.
—
I have got _____ A for my English Mummy.
—
Oh,boy,you
have
really
given
me
_______
pleasant
surprise.
;/
;a
C.a;the
D.a;/
(
)20.
—
Many
young
people
are
interested
in
_____
secrets behind Liu Qian’s magic.
—
Me,too.I think he has ______ creative mind.
A./;a
B./;the
;a
;the
(
)21.
—
What ______ bad weather it is today!
—
Yes, _______weather makes me so sad.
A.a;a
B ./;the
;the
;a
(
)22.
—
You
know,
Yao
Ming
used
to
be
____
NBA
player,but now he is ______ boss.
—
No matter what he does,I like him very much.
A.a;an
;a
C.a;a
;an
(
)23.
—
How
do
you
know
is
______
officer,Mary?
—From his ’s wearing
_____ uniform today.
;an
;a
C.a;an
D.a;a
(
) shouting in the classroom,little ’t
be ______ impolite boy!
A.a
D./
(
)25.
—
Have you ever been to Taiwan?
参考答案：
(
二
)
冠词
题组训练
1
—
5BBBBC6
—
10BCCCC 11
—
15DDCAA
整合集训
1
—
5BCD AC6
—
10DBBDA11
—
15DDDAC
16
—
20BADBC21
—
25BBBBB
—
is
_____
largest
island
in
China.
It’s
____
wonderful place to travel.
A.a;a
;a
C.a;the
;the
what
和
whic h
。关系代词是一种引述前面已经提过的名词或代词
的一类词，它主要有
who, whom, whose, which, that
等，用来引导
定语从句，在从句中做主语 、宾语、表语、定语、状语等。相互
代词是表示相互关系的代词，常用的相互代词只有
each
other
和
one another
两个，在句子中用作宾语、状语，两者之间没有太大
的差别。
03
知识归类
知识网络化
❶
人称代词
分类图解
人称
单数
主格
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
I
you
he,she,it
宾格
me
you
him,her,it
复数
主格
we
you
they
宾格
us
you
them
（三）代词
01
命题趋势
考标导向化
< br>近几年全国各地中考对代词的考查主要集中在对不定代词
的考查。对名词性物主代词与形容词性物 主代词用法上的区别的
考查也是近几年中考代词考查的热点之一。
预计
2015
年中考对代
词的考查重点仍然在对不定代词、物主代词的考查上。同时也要
注意对反身代词、 代词主格和宾格的考查。
特例清单
1.
人称代词的排列顺序分三种情况：
复数人称按照
we
→
you
→
they
；
单数人称按照
you
→he/she
→
I
；
第三人称男女并用时按照
he
→< br>she
。但承认过失、表示不吉祥的
事或有不好的意思时，单数人称代词按照
I
→
he/she
→
you
排列，
复数人称代词按照
we
→
you
→
they
排列。
2.
在 包含双宾语的句子中，如果直接宾语是人称代词
it
或
them
，间接宾语要 放在直接宾语的后面。如：
Please pass it to me.
请把它递给我。
(
不能说
Please pass me it.)
’
s
和
let us
用法不完全相同：
Let
’
s
是
let
us
的缩写形式，多用来表示劝告或建议，包括
谈话的双方；而
let us
则不包括对方。另外，
let
’
s
的反意疑问句
用
shall we
来反问，
let us
的反意疑问句则用
will you
来反问。
4.
代词
it
的用法
(1)
用来代替上文中提到的特定事物，可以是可数名词，也可
以是不可数名词。如：
Your father has bought you a new computer. Do you like it?
你父
亲给你买了一台新电脑，你喜欢吗？
He offered us
a piece of information. It
’
s very important.
他给
我们提供了一条信息，这条信息非常重要。
(2 )
当说话人对所涉及的人的身份、姓名不清楚或看不出来、
听不出来时，常用
it来代替和当时某一事件、某动作有关的那个
人。如：
There was a knock at the door.
“
Who is it?
”
mother came to the
door and asked.
有敲门声。母亲来到门口问：
“谁呀？”
02
定义
概念清晰化
< br>代词是一类用来替代名词或相当于名词的词，大多数代词都
具有名词和形容词的功能。在初中阶段 ，我们所学的代词主要有
8
种：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、反身代词、
疑问代词、关系代词和相互代词。人称代词是代替人或事物的代
词，
有人称、
数、< br>格的变化，
在句中用作主语的人称代词叫主格；
用作宾语的人称代词叫宾格。物主代词是 表示所有关系的代词，
分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。指示代词是专门用来
指出或标 示人或物的代词，常用的指示代词有单数的
this
和
that
以及复数的< br>these
和
those
。不定代词是不指明替代任何特定的名
词或形 容词的代词，根据所表达的意义，不定代词可以分为两大
类，即肯定性不定代词和否定性不定代词。肯定 性不定代词有：
both, all, many, much, one, other, each, another, a few, a little, either,
some(someone, somebody, something), any(anyone, anybody, anything),
every(everyone,
everybody,
everything)
。否定性不定代词有：
no,
neither, none, nobody, nothing
。反身代词又叫自身代词，或用来表
示强调，或 表示某个动作又反过来作用于施动者本身，有人称和
数的变化。疑问代词表示对某人或某物提问，一般用 在特殊疑问
句的句首。
在初中阶段，
我们所学的疑问代词有
who, whom, whose,
—
Who is the child in the picture?
这张照片上的孩子是谁？
—
It
’
s me. Can
’
t you see?
是我呀
!
难道你看不出来？
(3)
为了保持句子 的平衡，可以用
it
来代替动词不定式，在句
子中作形式主语或形式宾语。如：
It
’
s very interesting to swim in the river.
在河中游泳非常有趣。
He found it not easy to learn English well.
他发现学好英语是很
难的。
(4)
用来代替天气、时间、距离等。如：
—
What
’
s the weather like today?
今天天气怎么样？
—
It
’
s fine.
今天天气晴朗。
It
’
s time to go to bed.
到睡觉的时间了。
How far is it from here to the station?
从这里到车站有多远？
some friends of mine
我的一些朋友。
3.
形容词性物主代词只能放在名词前作定语。如：
my pen pal
我的笔友
her name
她的名字
4.
名词性物 主代词常用来避免前面已经提及的名词，相当于
“相容词性物主代词
+
名词”
。如：
This book is mine. Yours is on your desk.
这本书是我的。
你的在
你桌子上。
【题组训练】
(
)6.(2014·
南京
)
—
Excuse
me
，
may
I
use
your
bicycle?
_____
is
broken.
—
Certainly. But remember to return it before lunch.
A.I
(
)7.(2014·
湖州
)
—
Excuse me
，
I’m looking for my umbrella.
—
Oh
，
sorry. I took ____ by mistake.
(
)8.(2014·
福州
)
—
Here is a is it?
—
Oh
，
it’s
______.Thank you.
(
)9.(2014·
黔西南
)
—
Is this ____ ruler?
—
No._____ is over there.
;Her
;Hers
;Hers
;Her
(
)10.(2014·
北京
)I have a big brother. _____ name is Paul.
【
题组训练】
(
)1.(2014·
曲靖
)I find _____ necessary to learn about the customs
of a country before you go there.
(
)2.(2014·
聊城
)My
friend
showed
_____
some
old
photos
of
his
family.
B.I
(
)3.(2014·
南充
)Look at the girl in the red skirt. _____ is my new
classmate.
(
)4.(2014·
黄冈
)
—
Susan
，
go
and
join
your
sister
in
cleaning
the
yard.
—
Why______ ? John is sitting there doing nothing at all.
A.I
(
)5.(2014·
绵阳
)Jeff and I are going to Shanghai this weekend. My
brother will drive ______ there.
D .them
❸
反身代词的构成
分类图解
人称
第一人称
第二人称
第三人称
反身代词的常用词组：
单数
myself
yourself
himself/herself/itself
复数
ourselves
yourselves
themselves
❷
物主代词
分类图解
种类
单数
第一
人称
形容
词性
名
词
性
mine
yours
his/hers/its
ours
yours
theirs
my
第二
人称
your
第三
人称
his/her/its
复数
第一
人称
our
第二
人称
your
第三
人称
their
by oneself(
亲自
)
for oneself(
为自己
)
call oneself(
称自己
)
teach oneself(
自学
)
help oneself to sth.(
随便吃
)
speak to oneself(
自言自语
)
lose oneself(
迷路
)
enjoy oneself(
自得其乐
)
【题组训练】
(
)11.(2014·
随州
)
—I’ll
have
a
tennis
game
tomorrow.
I’m
a
little
bit nervous.
—
Believe in______.
You’re the best in our club.
lf
f
f
(
)12.(2014·
来宾
)
—
Hi
，
boys. How was your party yesterday?
—
Wonderful! We had a big meal and enjoyed________ .
lves
lves
ves
特例清单
和
its
既可以作形容词性物主代词，又可以作名词性物
主代词。如：
My computer is new and his is old.
我的计算机是新的，他的是
旧的。
2.
名词性物主代词常与介词
of
连用，构成名词所有格。如：
(
)13.(2014·
陕西
)Don’t ’re old enough to look after
____.
ves
(
)14.(2014·
长沙
)My sister is old enough to dress _____now.
f
f
(
)15.(2014·
重庆
)Help _____ to some fish
，
Jeff.
lf
❹
疑问代词的用法
分类图解
格
指人
指物
指人或物
主格
who
谁
what
什么
which
哪个，
宾格
whom
谁
哪些
所有格
whose
谁的
whose
谁的
whose
谁的
特例清单
1.
疑问代词
who
作主语时，即使被问者是复 数，其谓语动词
也通常用单数形式。如：
—
Who is coming to have dinner tonight?
今晚谁要来吃饭？
—
Susan, Linda and Tom.
苏珊、琳达和汤姆。
2.
疑问代词
what
作定语时，
意为
“什么”
，不限制范围；
which
作定语时，意为“哪
(
几
)
个 ”
，指在一定数目中进行选择，限制在
一定范围内。如：
What girls do you like best?
你最喜欢什么样的女孩？
Which girls do you like best?
你最喜欢哪几个女孩？
【题组训练】
(
)16.(2014·
随州
)
—
_______are
you going to buy for
your father
for Father’s Day?
—
A T-shirt.
(
)17.(2013·
大连
)
—
_____ is the boy with a pair of glasses?
—
My brother
，
John.
(
)18.(2013·
徐州
)
—
_____model plane is this?
—I think it’s Jim’s.
Look
，
his name is on it.
(
)19.(2013·
南京
)
—
_____ film do you prefer
，
Lost in Thailand or
Life of Pi?
—
Lost
in
Thailand.
I
like
comedies
because
they
often
make
me
laugh.
er
(
)20.(2013·
济南
)
—
______does your new friend look like?
—
He is tall with short blonde hair and big blue eyes.
❺
指示代词的用法
分类图解
单数
this
这，这个
that
那，那个
复数
these
这些
those
那些
特例清单
1.
在打电话的语境中，
常习惯用
this和
that
代替
I
和
you
。
如：
—
Hello! Is that ?
喂
!
你是怀特夫人吗？
—
Sorry. Mrs. White isn
’
t here. This is Kate, her daughter.
对不起，
怀特夫人不在这儿，我是她的女儿凯特。
2.
指上文的事情，
可以用
this
，
也可以用
that
替代；
指下文的
事情，则要用
this
替代。如：
My bike broke down. This/That is why I was late.
我的自行车坏
了，因此我才迟到了。
This is my idea. We should start out at once.
我的建议是我们应
该马上出发。
【题组训练】
(
)21.(2014·
呼和浩特
)
—
The
cars
made
in
Germany
are
more
expensive than ____ made in Japan.
—
Yes
，
you are right.
But they’re much better.
(
)22.(2014·
兰州
)Bob
，
can you see the boys over there?_____ are
my cousins.
Let’s go and say hello to them.
(
)23.(2014·
广东
)
—
Hello
，
Linda speaking.
Who’s
______?
—
Hello
，
this is Martin.
(
)24.(2014·
镇江
)My star
sign
is Virgo and my characteristics are
similar to______ described in that book.
(
)25.(2014·
绥化
)The cars made in China are cheaper than ______
made in Japan.
❻
不定代词的用法
分类图解
序
不定
用法
例句
号
代词
1
some
用于肯定句或表示
Tom has some story books.
请求的疑问句中。
Would you like some milk?
any
一般用于疑问句或
Are there any apples on the
否定句中。
tree?
There
aren’t
any
buses.
2
both
表示
“
两者都
”
。
Tom’s
parents
are
both
doctors.
all
表示
“
三者或三者
All
of
the
books
are
very
以上都
”
。
interesting.
either
表示
“
两者中的任
何一个
”
，
作主语时
谓语动词用单数。
neither
表示< br>“
两者都不
”
，
作主语时谓语动词
用单数。
Neither
of
his
friends
has
come yet.
No
one
would
like
to
go
with her.
None
of
them
has
been
to
Beijing.
Every
time
I
go
to
see
him,he is very busy.
Either
of
the
books
is
interesting.
the
others
特指其余的所有人
或物。
museum.
Five
students
in
our
class
are
English,the
others
are
Chinese.
特例清单
1.
不定代词
all
和
no t
连用时表示部分否定，要译成“不是全
部”
，
不能译成
“全部不”
、
“都不”
；
表示全部否定要用
none
。
如：< br>
Not all the balls are round.
并不是所有的球都是圆形的。
None of the bread is fresh.
这些面包都不新鲜。
与
not
连用也 表示部分否定，译为“并非两者都”
，不
可译为“两者都不”
；表示全部否定用
neither
。如：
Both of us are not doctors.
我们俩并非都是医生。
Neither of us is a doctor.
我们俩都不是医生。
3
no one
none
指人，
不能接
of
短
语。
表示否定，可以指
人或物，
常接
of
短
语。
4
every
表整体概念，只能
作定语。不能与
of< br>短语连用。
表示
“
每
一
”
。
【题组训练】
Each of you can try twice.
(
)26.(2014·
徐州
)I asked two students the way to the post office
，
but ____of them knew.
r
(
)27.(2014·
常州
)We should tell the can’t say one thing to
one person and _____ thing to someone else.
There
are
many
books
on
the desk.
I
have
much
homework
to
do.
He has few friends here.
r
other
more
(
)28.(2014·
孝
感
)
—
Can
I
come
this
evening
or
tomorrow
morning?
—
______is OK.
I’m free today and tomorrow.
r
(
)29.(2014·
铜仁
)In
our
school
____
students
like
English
，
but
_____ of them can speak English smoothly.
There
are
a
few
apples
in
the basket.
There
is
little
water
in
the
bottle.
Don’t worry.
There is a little
time left.
Do
you
have
any
other
ideas?
I
have
two
books.
One
is
Chinese,
English.
the
other
is
A.a little
，
a few
B.a few
，
few
C.a few
，
little
D.a little
，
few
(
)30.(2014·
天津
)
—
Is there____ beef in the fridge?
—
No
，
there isn’t.
There is _____ pork.
;any
;any
;some
;some
each
强调个体，可作主
语、
宾语和定语等，
可以指人 或物。可
以与
of
短语连用。
表示
“
每一个
”
。
5
many
much
修
饰
可
数
名
词
复
数。
修饰不可数名词。
表
“
否定
”
，
是“
几乎
没有
”
的意思，
修饰
可数名词。
6
few
a few
表
“
肯定”
，
是
“
有一
点
”
的意思，
修饰可< br>数名词。
little
表
“
否定
”，
是
“
几乎
没有
”
的意思，
修饰
不可 数名词。
a little
表
“
肯定
”
，是
“
有一
点
”
的意思，
修饰不
可数名词。
❼
复合不定代词
分类图解
somebody
某人
someone
某人
something
某事
went
to
the
the
特例清单
1.
作主语时，谓语动词用单数。
2.
当主句的主语是指人的复合不定代词
everybody,
nobody,
visited
7
other
the
other
泛指其他的，修饰
复数名词。
指
“
两者中的另一
个
”
。
anybody
任何人
anyone
任何人
anything
任何事
nobody
没有人
no one
没有人
nothing
没有东西
everybody
每个人
everyone
每人
everything
每件事
another
指
“
三者或以上中
的另一个
”
。
others
泛
指
其
他
的
人
或
物。
Would you like another cup
of tea?
Some
park,others
anyone
等 时，其反意疑问句主语通常用代词
they
；当主句中的主
语是指物复合不定代词，< br>如
everything, anything, nothing, something
等时，其反意疑问句的主语通常用
it
。如：
Everybody is here, aren
’
t they?
大家都在这，是吗？
Everything is ready, isn
’
t it?
一切都准备好了，是吗？
3.
当形
容
词
或
else(
另
外
)
修饰
复
合
不
定
代
词
something,
everything, everyone
等时，
形容词或
else
必须放在复合不定代词的
后面。如：
Xiao Ming, I have something important to tell you.
肖明，我有重
要的事情要告诉你。
We need one more helper. Can you find anyone else?
我们还需
要一个助手。你能再给我们找一个吗？
ne
=
everybody,
anyone
=
anybody,
只指人，不能与
of
短语连用；
every one, any one
可指人也可指物，一定要与
of
连用
才可以。如：
Is anybody here?
有人吗？
You can take any one of these.
你可以随便拿一个。
【题组训练】
(
)31.(2014·
咸宁
)
—
Morni ng
，
class. Is ____ here today?
—
No
，
sir. Tom is absent. He is ill at home.
y
ody
dy
(
)32.(2014·
随
州
)
—
Who
helped
you
sweep
the
classroom
yesterday?
—
________.I did it all by myself.
dy
y
ody
(
)33.(2014·
北京
)Look!
The
clock
has
stopped.
Maybe
there
’
s
_____
wrong with it.
hing
ing
ng
g
(
)34.(2014·
河南
)At present
，
children mean ______ to most parents
in China.
hing
g
ng
ing
(
)35.(2014·
宿迁
)Eddie has_____ to do
，
and he sleeps all day long.
hing
ing
ng
g
04
整合集训
反馈层级化
(
)1.
—
My answer to this question is different from____ .
—
Really? Let me see.
lves
(
) out the cigarette, or ______
won’t be allowed to
enter the museum.
A.I
(
)3.
—
Do you like _____ English teacher Miss Green?
—
Yes, I like _____ very much.
;him
;her
;her
;him
(
)4.
—
Who
taught
____
maths
last
term?
Was
______
Mr. Smith?
—
Yes.
;it
;it
;he
;he
(
) has_____ friends except me, and sometimes
he
feels lonely.
A.a little
C.a few
(
)6.
—
Mum,I want to have some juice.
I’m thirsty.
—Sorry,but there isn’t
______ at home.
(
) pears in this basket are smaller than ____ in that
basket.
(
)8.I
have
many
such
books.
Tomorrow
I’ll
bring
here
______ one.
r
others
other
(
) you can’t decide which of the two books to borro
w,
why don’t you take
_____?I have finished reading them.
(
)10.
—
Do you like eating apples or bananas?
—
_______.I usually eat oranges.
r
(
)11.
—
Is this ______ purse?
—No,it isn’t.
________is in the bag.
;Mine
;My
;Mine
;My
(
)12.
—
How are you going to improve _____ this term?
—
Work harder than last term.
lf
(
)13.I’ll spend half of my holiday practicing English and
________ half learning drawing.
r
others
other
(
)14.
—
Is _________ here?
—
No. Tom and Jane have asked for leave.
ody
dy
y
(
)15.
—
What are you looking for,Sally?
—I’m looking for my pen.I can’t find
____ anywhere.
(
) have to hurry up if you want to buy something
C.a few;any
;some
(
)21.
—
What did you buy for yourself at the fair?
—
I bought_____,
because I couldn’t find
______ I like.
ing;anything
ng;something
g;anything
ing;nothing
(
)22.
—
Why are you always cheerful and energetic?
because there’s hardly
_______ left.
ing
g
ng
hing
(
)17.
—Wow!You’ve got so many skirts.
—
But ________ of them are in fashion now.
C .neither
(
)
can’t
change
the
world,
but
we
can
change
_____.
ves
(
)19.
—
Who taught you to play badminton?
—
Nobody.I learnt it by_____ .
D.I
(
)20.
—Nick,look at the ’s
____ milk in it.
—I see,Mom!I’ll get
________ right away.
A.a little;any
;some
参考答案：
(
三
)
代词
题组训练
1
—< br>5CCABC6
—
10DACBA11
—
15ADCBD
1 6
—
20ABCDC21
—
25ABCDA26
—
30DB ABD31
—
35BC
BAD
整合集训
1
—< br>5BCBAD6
—
10CDBDC11
—
15CCDAA
16
—
20CDDCB21
—
25CDDDB
（四）数词
01
命题趋势
考标导向化
数词是历年中考试题中的必考知识点之一，所占分值不多，
—Because I’ m sure
_____ can be better than me.
dy
y else
ody
else
(
)
made
by
hand
are
usually
more
expensive
than _______ produced in factories.
(
)24.
—
Do you know ______ the girl in red is?
—I’m not sure.
Maybe a teacher.
(
)25.
—
What do you think of those red shoes,Tina?
—
I like_____ ,but I prefer yellow____ .
;ones
;ones
;them
;them
一般在
1
～
2
分之间，题型有选择 题、词形变换题等。从命题内
容来看，
对基数词和序数词的基本用法、
hundred , thousand, million,
billion
后面加不加
-s
或
of
、特殊形式的序数词、分数表示法的考
查是中考命题的热点。
预计< br>2015
年考查的重点极有可能是基数词
和序数词的用法、分数表示法及
hun dred
，
thousand
，
million
的用
法。< br>
02
定义
概念清晰化
数词就是用于表示数目的多少或顺序的先后的词，分为基数
词和 序数词两种。表示数量的数词是基数词，如
one,
two,
three
等；表示顺序的数词是序数词，如
first, second, third
等。
03
知识归类
知识网络化
❶
基数词的构成
分类图解
one
1
eleven
11
twenty
-
one
21
two
2
twelve
12
twenty
-
two
22
three
3
thirteen
13
thirty
30
four
4
fourteen
14
forty
40
five
5
fifteen
15
fifty
50
six
6
sixteen
16
sixty
60
seven
7
eight
8
nine
9
ten
10
seventeen
17
eighteen
18
nineteen
19
twenty
20
seventy
70
eighty
80
ninety
90
one hundred
100
one hundred
and one
101
two hundred
200
you tell me the address?
—
No problem.
606
.2 Hospital
Avenue
(
)3.(2014·
淮安
)She
enjoys
collecting.
She
has
collected
over
three________
stamps.
d
ds
d of
ds of
(
)4.(2014·
兰州
)Please turn to Page ____ and read the ____ story.
;two
;second
1.1000
以上的基数词的表示方法是：从右向左用分节号“，
”
特例清单
分节，每三个数字为一个节，第一个分节号前用
thousand
，第二
个分节号前用
million
，第三个分节号前用
billi on
(
美
)
或
thousand
million(
英
)
。
如：
2
，
418
，
000
，
000 two billion, four hundred and eighteen million
或
two thousand, four hundred and eighteen million
d,thousand,million,billion
等用在具体的数字后面时不
能加
-s
或
of
；
hundr ed, thousand, million, billion
等前面没有具体的
数字时通 常加
-s
或
of
。如：
eight thousand people
八千人
fifty thousand trees
五万棵树
thousands of
成千上万的
millions of
数百万
3.
“基数词
+
单数名词”相当于复合形容词，作名词的定语，
用于表示时间、距离等。如：
the 100-metre race 100
米赛跑
a ten-minute walk 10
分钟的路程
4.
常见的数字符号和等式的读法：
= (
等于号
)
读作
equals
，
+(
加
号
)
读作
plus
或
and
，
-(
减号
)
读作
m inus
，×
(
乘号
)
读作
times
或
multiplied by
，÷
(
除号
)
读作
divided by
。如：
3+2=5
读作
Three plus two equals(
或
is)five./Three and two is(
或
equals)five./Three and two makes five.
5-3=2
读作
Five minus three equals(
或
is)two.
8
×
7=56
读作
Eight
times
seven
equals(
或
is)fifty-six./Eight
multiplied by seven is fifty-six.
10
÷
5=2
读作
Ten divided by five equals(
或
is)two.
5.
“基数词
+more
”或“
another+
基数词”表示“在原来的基
础上增加的数量”
。如 ：
My grandmother will stay in Shanghai for two more weeks.
=My grandmother will stay in Shanghai for another two weeks.
我
的奶奶将在上海再待两周。
【题组训练】
(
)1.(2014·
东营
)When he arrived at the airport
，
Lee Minho found
that ____ fans were waiting for him there.
d
ds
d of
ds of
(
)2.(2014·
山
西
)< br>—
Jack
，
I
want
to
go
to
____
to
see
a
;second
;two
(
)5.(2013·
南宁
)They are the students of_______ .
7
7
C.7th grade
7th
❷
序数词的构成
分类图解
first
1st
第
1
twenty
-
first
21st
第
21
second
2nd
第
2
thirtieth
30th
第
30
third
3rd
第
3
thirty
-
ninth
39th
第
39
fourth
4th
第
4
fortieth
40th
第
40
fifth
5th
第
5
fiftieth
50th
第
50
sixth
6th
第
6
sixtieth
60th
第
60
seventh
7th
第
7
seventieth
70th
第
70
eighth
8th
第
8
eightieth
80th
第
80
ninth
9th
第
9
ninetieth
90th
第
90
tenth
10th
第
10
hundredth
100th
第
100
eleventh 11th
第
11
one hundred
twelfth
12th
第
12
and first
101st
第
101
twentieth
20th
第
20
特例清单
1.
序数词在使用时，通常前面要加定冠词
t he
；但是如果序
数词前出现不定冠词
a
或
an
时，则表示 “再一”
，
“又一”
。如：
We
’
ll
go
over
it
a
second
time.
我们得再念第二遍。
We
’
ve
tried it three times. Must we try it a fourth time?
我 们已经试过三遍了，
还必须试一次
(
第四次
)
吗？
2.
基数词也可以表示顺序。只需将基数词放在它所修饰的名
词之后即可，不需要添加定冠词 。如：
the first lesson
——
Lesson One
the fifth page
——
Page 5(Five)
the twenty-first room
——
Room 21(Twenty-one)
【题组训练】
(
)6.(2014·
孝感
)
—
I hear your pen pal is visiting Wuhan again. Is it
the ____ time for him?
—
Yes
，
and he will come for a third time next spring.
(
)7.(2014·
孝感
)Today is the boy
’
s _____ birthday. He is 12 years
old.
h
h
twelfth
(
)8.(2014·
天津
) _____ month of the year is May.
second
fifth
(
)9.(2014·
凉山
)
—
Have you ever come to Xichang before?
—
is my ______ visit to Xichang
，
I have come here twice
before.
(
)10.(2014·
成都
)
—
Which month of the year do you like?
—
July
，
the ______ month because summer vacation begins in this
month.
h
❸
数词的常见用法
分类图解
用法
例子
句
主语
It is said that thirteen is an unlucky number.
法
The first day of May is International Labour Day.
功
宾语
It is worth three hundred.
能
He was among the first to arrive.
定语
There are only three boys in the class.
May is the fifth month of a year.
表示事物编号
No. Ten Middle School, Lesson One
表示年代
in the 1890s
表示年、月、
On May 1st,2008
日
表示分数
分子是基数词，分母是序数词，当分子大于
1
时，分母用 复数形式。如：
one third, five sixths
表
整点
Tom often gets up at six in the morning.
示
与汉语
4:25four twenty-five
时
顺序相同
6:30six thirty
间
几点过几
at twenty past six, at a quarter past eleven
分
差几分到
at five to six, at twenty-nine to ten
几点
特例清单
1.
表示年、月、日时，年用基数词，日用序数词。
如：
July 5th,1989 1989
年
7
月
5
日
(
读为
July the fifth, nineteen,
eighty-nine)
August
1st,2005
2005
年
8
月
1
日
(
读为
August
the
first,
two
thousand and five)
2.
表示年代时，在年份 的阿拉伯数字后面加
-s
或’
s
。如：
1730
’
s /1730s the seventeen thirties
十八世纪三十年代
1960
’
s /1960s the nineteen sixties
二十世纪六十年代
the late nineties
九十年代末期
the early eighties
八十年代初期
the
mid
1960
’
s/1960s
the
mid
nineteen
sixties
二十世纪六十
年代中期
3.
表示某人约几十岁时，
在表示整十位的基数词后面加
-s
。
如：
Tom went to New York in his twenties.
汤姆在二十多岁时去了
纽约。
4.
分数作主语时，谓语动词由
of
后面的名词的数来确定。
of
后为可数名词复数时，谓语动词用复数形式
;of
后面的名词为
不
可数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式。如：
Two thirds of the work is hard to finish.
三分之二的工作很难完
成。
Two thirds of the students in our class are League members.
我们
班里三分之二的学生是团员。
【题组训练】
(
)11.(2014·
漳州
)In his______
，
Wilson returned to his hometown
and began to teach.
es
eth
(
)12.(2014·
襄阳
)
—
We
have
sixty
students
in
our
class.
____
of
them are boys. How many girls are there
，
do you know?
—
There are twenty girls.
third
thirds
quarter
D.A half
(
)13.(2014·
随州
)
—
What do you think of the environment here?
—
Wonderful!_____ of the land
_____covered with trees and grass.
fifths;is
fifth;is
filths;are
fifth;are
(
)14.(2014·
黄石
)There are _____ doctors in this hospital;_____of
them are women doctors.
hundred;two fifth
hundreds;two fifth
hundred;two fifths
hundreds;two fifths
(
)15.(2014·
广东
)It’s
never
too
old
to
learn.
Karl
Marx
began
to
learn English in his _______.
fiftieth
th
s
04
整合集训
反馈层级化
(
) in our city have raised about ______ yuan for
these poor children in the past six months.
n of
millions
millions of
million
(
)2.
—
Sandy,our son will be 9 years old tomorrow.
—
Oh, should have a party for his ______ birthday.
ninth
(
)3.
—
Excuse many students in your class want
to work as teachers in the future?
—
_________.
B .The twelve
h
twelfth
(
)4.
—
Is
this
your
______
visit
to
my
hometown,
A.3,170
B.3,117
C.300,170
D.30,170
(
)14._____
of Mary’s classmates have lunch at school.
en
enth
thirteen
thirteenth
(
) are _______ days in a year.
hundred sixty and five
hundred and sixty-five
hundreds and sixty- five
hundreds sixty-five
(
)
pass
me
______
book
on
the
left,
Zhou
Zhengzhou?
—No.I’ve been here for many times.
first
(
)5.
—
Which room are you staying in?
—
In _______ on the third floor.
303
B.303 Room
303
D.303 room
(
)_______
,she
still
works
hard
like
a
young
woman.
her sixties
her sixty
her sixties
her sixty
(
) our class, _________of the students are girls.
fourths
fifth
third
(
)8.
—I’ve cut the cake into
______ pieces. Which piece
do you want?
—
The ______ one.
;two
;two
;second
;second
(
) town is very beautiful and ______ visitors come
here for sightseeing every day.
nds
nd
nds of
nd of
(
)10.
—
Lily,how was your final exam?
—
Too ____ of the students in my class passed it.
fifths
five
fifths
five
(
)m
Lincoln
was
______
President
of
the
United States.
A.16
16
C.16th
16th
(
)12._______,my
grandfather
was
a
worker
in
a
shoe
factory.
1970’s
1970s
the 1970s’
the 1970s
(
)
hundred
thousand
one
hundred
and
seventy
means ______.
Meng.
third
three
(
) February,there are only _______ days.
eight
eighth
-eight
-eighth
(
)
of
the
two
rulers
are
broken.I
want
to
buy
_______ one.
C.a third
third
(
)19.
—
How long has he been here?
—
He has been here for______ .
and a half month
and a half months
month and a half
months and a half month
(
)20.
____of
the
students
in
our
class
_____
raised
money to the disabled people these days.
third;have
thirds;has
three;have
thirds;have
(
),everybody,please turn to Page _____ and look
at the ______ picture.
;five
;fifth
;fifth
;five
(
)
don’t
believe
that
this
_______
boy
can
paint
such a nice picture.
year old
-years-old
-year-old
-years old
(
)23.
—If
a=4,b=5,what’s
the
answer
to
the
question
“a
+2ab +1=?”
—
______.
-fifth
-five
-three
hundred and twenty one
(
)24.
_______of
the
land in
that
district
_____
covered
with trees and grass.
fifths;is
fifth;are
fifth;is
fifths;are
(
)25.
—What’s one fourth and a half,
can you tell me?
—
Yes,it is________.
参考答案：
(
四
)
数词
题组训练
1
—
5DBABB6
—
10BCDDB 11
—
15BBACD
整合集训
1
—
5DBA CA6
—
10ABDCA11
—
15DDCAB
16
—
20CCCBD21
—
25BCBAB
（五）介词
01
命题趋势
考标导向化
介词是各省市历年中考试题中的必考内 容之一。从命题内容
来看，表示时间的介词、表示地点的介词及介词的固定用法，尤
其是时间介 词
at,
on,
in
用法的区别，
between
和< br>among
用法的区
别，
某些介词的特殊用法等是今后的考查热点。
从 命题形式来看，
以单项选择、
完形填空为主，
分值一般在
1
～
3
分之间。
预计
2015
年中考对介词的考查极有可能是时间介词和介词短 语。
02
定义
概念清晰化
介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一，它是一种虚词，不能单独
使用 ，必须和名词、代词或相当于名词或代词的词语连用构成介
词短语，用来表明与它连用的词和句子中某个 词或某些词之间的
关系。
介词分为简单介词和短语介词两种。简单介词即单个介词，
如
in, under, on, for, after
等；
短语介词指多个单词构成的介词，
如
in front of, instead of, far from
等。
介词短语与 短语介词不同。介词短语指由“介词
+
名词
/
代
词等”构成的短语， 如
at school, by bus, on Sunday
等，在句中可
以作定语、状语、表语、宾语补足语等。
有些单 词，
既可以作介词，
也可以作连词
(
作连词时，
其后接
句子
)
，如
after,
before
等；而有些单词，既可以作介词 ，也可以
作副词，如
above, below
等。
03
知识归类
知识网络化
❶
常用介词分类
分类图解
sixths
fourths
three
sixths
分类
例词
表示
in,
at,
on,
between,
since,
for,
during,
until,
till,
by,
时间
from
…
to, behind, by, before, past
表示
in, at, on, around, before, in front of, between, behind,
方位
beside, near, under, above, below, next to, among, round
表示往返
to,
towards,
round,
around,
through,
across,
from
…
to,
的方向
into, out of, off, along
其他
by, to, like, unlike, of, except, about, against, with, but,
as, without
特例清单
通常用在世纪、年份、季节、月份、 上午、下午、晚上
等词前，
但后面接时间段，
意为
“在……之后”
，
用于将来时态；
而
after
意为“在……之后”
，要用于一般过去 时。如：
We are going to Beijing in two weeks.
两周后我们将要去北京。
He
went
to
America
in
2003,after
one
year,
he
came
back.
他在
2003
年去了美国，一年后，他就回来了。
和
since
在表示时间时，一般用于完成时，
for
与时间段
连用，
since
与时间点连用。如：
We haven
’
t seen each other for years.
我们已经有好多年没有
见面了。
His
father
has
taught
in
this
school
since
1985.
他的父亲自从
1985
年起就在这所学校教书。
3.
表示位置时，
in
表示某一小地点在另一大地点之内；
on
表
示两个地点相互接壤；
to
则表示两个地点互不接壤，并有一定的
距离。如：
Taiwan is in the southeast of China.
台湾位于中国的东南部。
Shandong is on the north of Henan.
山东位于河南的北部。
Japan lies to the east of China.
日本位于中国东部。
n
表示 “在两者之间”
，而
among
表示“在三者或三
者以上之中”
。但 当
between
用于三者或三者以上时，
强调
“两两
之间”
，
侧重指人或物各自独立；
而
among
强调彼此不分离。
如：< br>
We
have
too
many
desks
in
our
class.
There
is
hardly
any
room
to
move between them.
我们教室里有太多的课桌，
桌与桌之间几乎没
有可以走动 的空间了。
This village is among the hills.
这个村子被群山环绕。
5.
表示方位时，
on
表示一个物体的位置在另一个物体之上，
两者的表面相接触；
above
表示一个物 体比另一个物体所处的位
置高，
通常两个物体表面不接触；
over
表示“在……的正上方”
，
强调在垂直的上方。如：
There is a map on the wall.
墙上有一张地图。
The lights are above our heads.
灯在我们头顶上。
Some birds are flying over the sea.
有一些鸟在海上飞。
, in, by
三者都可以译为
“用”
，
但用法不同：
with
表示用某种工具，
所用的东西都是具体的物品；
in
表示用某种材料 、
语言、
声调等；
by
表示用某种方法或手段，多指使用某种交通工具。试比 较：
Please write with a pen.
请用钢笔书写。
She wrote a letter in a black ink.
她用黑色的墨水笔写了一封信。
(
)2.(2014·
宿迁
)The 2014 Summer Youth Olympic Games will be
held_______ August in Nanjing.
(
)3.(2014·
来宾
)
—When is Jay’s concert?
—It’s
______
three o’clock
______ the afternoon.
;in
;on
Can you say it in Japanese?
你能用日语说吗？
I go to school by bike.
我骑自行车去上学。
s
和
except
都可译 为“除……之外”
，但含义不同：
besides
表示“除……以外，还有”
，指在整体中加入一部分，含
义是肯定的；
except
表示
“从整体中除去 一部分”
，
含义是否定的。
如：
We all went besides him.
除他之外，我们大家也都去了。
(
他去
了
)
We all went except him.
除他之外，我们都去了。
(
他没有去
)
d
of
意为“代替”
，后面接名词、代词或动名词；而
instead
是副词，意为 “代替，顶替”
，在句子中作状语，后面不
能接任何成分。如：
He will go instead of me.
他将代替我去。
She
went
to school
instead
of staying
at
home.
她没有待在家里
而是上学去了。
Give me this instead.
换这个给我吧。
和
through
均可译为“从这一边到另一边”
，但用法
不同：
ac ross
的含义与
on
有关，
表示动作是在某一物体的表面进
行的； 而
through
的含义与
in
有关，表示动作是在三维空间进行
的 。如：
The dog ran across the grass.
这条狗跑过草地。
They walked through the forest.
他们步行穿过森林。
10.
在
this
，
that
，
these,
next,
last
等组成的时间状语前不用介
词。如
:
We are in Grade Two this year.
今年我们上二年级。
Tom
’
s trouble is very common to boys these days.
汤姆的问题这
些天在男孩们中间很常见。
When did you go to bed last night?
你昨晚几点上床睡觉的？
The next day she got up early and went to school without breakfast.
第二天她起得很早，并且没吃早饭就去了学校。
11.
当
yesterday,
tomorrow
用作副词或构成短语时前面不用介
词。如
:
Can
you
be
here
at
eight
tomorrow
morning?
你明早八点能在这里
吗？
Were you at home yesterday evening
？你昨晚在家吗？
【题组训练】
时间介词
(
)1.(2014·
北京
)I
sometimes
help
my
mom
with
her
housework
_____ Saturdays.
;in
;in
(
)4.(2014·
南充
)
—
When were you born?
—
I was born______ a cold winter morning in 1994.
(
)5.(2014·
长沙
)Mothers’
Day
is
_______
the
second
Sunday
in
May in the United States.
方位介词
(
)6.(2014·
重庆
)Mr.
Green’s office is
_______ the 26th floor. Y
ou
can take the lift there.
(
)7.(2014·
烟台
)
—
Would you please tell me the way to the Pacific
Hotel?
—
Go _______ the post office
，
and you’ll find it on the left.
pass
(
)8.(2014·
益阳
)Uncle Tom lives ______ a farm _____ the country.
;at
;on
;in
(
)9.(2014·
天津
)Cambridge
is
a
small
city______
the
east
of
England.
n
(
)10.(2014·
东营
)On
May
10th
，
a
horse
was
found
running
happily_____ the busy street in Beijing.
表示往返的介词
(
)11.(2014·
河南
)A
conversation
____
a
wise
person
is
worth
ten
years’ study of books.
(
)12.(2014·
铜仁
)
—
How
can
we
protect
ourselves
_____
the
earthquake?
—
We should stay calm first.
(
)13.(2014·
苏州
)The castle stands in a quiet place _____ the main
road at the far end of the river.
(
)14.(2014·
连云港
)
—A
person’s
life
is
l
ike
a
road
____
lots
of
difficulties.
—
Yes
，
so we need positive energy.
(
)15.(2014·
无锡
)I hope the train will arrive on time
，
but it’s
_____
my control.
t
+
介词
be
excited
about
对
……
感
到< br>兴
奋
；
be
kind
to
对
……
和善；
be interested in
对
……
感兴趣
be
famous
for
因
……
而著名；
be
late
for
迟到；
be
popular with
受
……
欢迎
be
pleased
with
对
……
感
到
满
意
；
be
proud
of
对
……
感到骄傲；
be ready for
为
……
准备好
be
satisfied
with
对
……
满
意
；
be
worried
about
为
……
担心
动词
+
介词
agree with
同意；
ask for
请求；
begin with
以
……
开始；
come from
出生，来自；
call at
探访
die of
死于；
get on/off
上车
/
下车；
fill…with
用
……
装；
fall off
从
……
落下
hear from
收到
(
某人
)
的信；
hear of
听说；
look at
看；
go to bed
去睡觉；
go to school
去上学；
look
for
寻找；
look after
照顾
listen to
听
……
讲话；
pay for
付钱；
point to
指向；
point
at
指着；
send for
派人去叫；
run across
碰到；
talk about
谈论；
think about
考虑
;wait for
等候；
write
to
写信给
……
；
worry about
担心
laugh at
嘲笑；
fall behind
落在
……
后面
;knock at
敲
例子
at home
在家里；
at school
在学校；
at noon
在中午；
at night
在晚上；
at work
在工作；
at sea
在大海上；
at the
same time
同时；
at times
有时；
at breakfast
早餐时；
at midnight
在午夜；
at the moment
在此刻；
after a while
过了一会
by bus
乘公共汽车
;by the way
顺便说；
by the time
到
……
时候；
by turns
轮流；
by mistake
错误地；
by the
door
在门口
in hospital
住院；
in the hospital
在医院；
in the end
最后；
in order
整整齐齐；
in order to
以便；
in no time
很快就
……
；
in the daytime
在白天；
in turn
轮流；
in time
及时
;in front
在前方；
in English
用英语；
in the future
将来的某个时刻；
in future(
整个
)
将来；
in fact
事实上
on the way
在路上
;on Sunday
在星期天
；
on show
展出；
on display
陈列；
on fire
着火；
on duty
值日；
on the other hand
另一方面；
on foot
步行；
on business
出差；
on
board
在船
(
飞机
)
上；
on
holiday
在休假；
on the telephone
在接
(
打
)
电话；
on time
准时；
on the
left/right
在左边
/
右边；
on sale
在出售；
on watch
值
班；
on the earth
在地球上
with pleasure
很乐意；
with one’s help
在某人的帮
助下
be
+
形容词
be amazed at
对
……
感到惊讶；
be angry with
生
(
某人的
)
气；
be afraid of
害怕；
be busy with
忙于做
……
；
be good
at
擅长于；
be full of
充满
介词
+
名词
+
介词
at the foot of
在
……
脚下；
on the top of
在
……
顶端；
in
the
middle
of
在
……
中
间
；
in
the
front
of
在
……
前面；
in the east of
在
……
东部
by means of
借助；
at the beginning of
起初；
by the end of
到
……
为止
at
the
age
of
在
……
岁
时
；
at
the
head
of
在
……
前头
其他介词
(
)16.(2014·
杭州
)They usually go shopping ____ their lunch break.
t
n
(
)17.(2014·
潍坊
)
—
What can I do for you?
—
I hope I have a nice house ______ a big garden.
(
)18.(2014·
盐城
)Many cities in China
，
_____ Beijing
，
have been
deeply affected by dirty air.
ing
t
(
)19.(2014·
莱芜
)We
can
save
money
______
cooking
our
own
meals instead of eating outside.
(
)20.(2014·
绵阳
)
—
How long have you stayed in this hotel?
—
Not long
，
just________ this Monday.
❷
常用介词短语归纳
分类图解
分类
介词
+
名词
特例清单
front of
和
in the front of
只差一个定冠词
the
，但用法不
同：前者意为“在……的前面”
，前后所指的内容不存在包含关
系 ；而后者意为“在……的前面”
，前后所指的内容存在包含关
系。如：
Li Lei sits in front of me,but Wang Fang sits behind me.
李雷坐在我前面，而王芳坐在我的后面。
The desk is in the front of the classroom.
书桌在教室的前面。
the tree
和
on the tree
都可以译为
“在树上”
，
但用法不同：
前者
in the tree
一般指本身不是树上的事物，
而后者
on the tree
一
般指树上本身长的东西。如：
I can see some birds in the tree.
我能看到树上有一些小鸟。
There are some pears on the tree.
树上结了一些梨。
the wall
表示嵌在墙里，而
on the wall
表示在墙的表面。
如：
There is a hole in the wall.
墙上有个洞。
There is a map on the wall.
墙上有一幅地图。
4.
“在太阳下”
用
in the sun
，
“在某人的帮助下”
用
with one
’
s
help
或
with the help of sb.
如：
Don
’
t read in the sun.
别在太阳下看书。
With the teacher
’
s help
，
I got some progress.
在老师的帮助下，
我取得了一些进步
。
【题组训练】
(
)21.(2014·
徐州
)Healthy eating _____ regular exercise is the best
way to keep fit.
than
d of
as
er with
(
)22.(2014·
山西
)
—
The
ship
sinking
of
Korea
teaches
us
to
care
for ourselves and the people around us.
—
So it is. _____life is the most important to everyone.
example
last
all
(
)23.(2014·
鄂州
)
—
Everyone
must
____
the
security
check(
安
检
)before getting on the plane at the airport.
—
Yes.
It’s necessary to ensure the passengers’ safety.
through
across
through
across
(
)24.(2014·
遂
宁
)_____free
education
，
more
and
more
poor
children can go back to school in the mountain.
t
to
d of
(
)25.(2014·
金华
)
—
Daniel is a boy of few words.
—
But______
，
a hurry
fact
the end
all
04
整合集训
反馈层级化
(
) does your father go to work, ____foot or ____
car?
;with
;on
;on
;by
(
)2.
—
Why are you standing there, Maggie?
—I
can’t
see
the
blackboard
clearly.
Two
tall
boys
are
sitting _______ me.
front of
to
(
)3.
—
Is the tie made ______ silk?
—
Yes.
It’s made
_____ Italy.
;in
;in
;of
;from
(
) is a beautiful island and it’s
____ the east of
Fujian Province.
(
)
Smith
lives
____
that
building.
His
flat
is
____
the fifth floor.
;on
;to
;in
;at
(
)6.
—
What time shall we meet ____ Sunday?
—Let’s meet
____
10:00 o’clock.
;at
;on
;in
;at
(
)7.
—
All the clerks went home ____ Mr ?
—
Because he had to finish his work.
s
t
D .beside
(
) sunshine goes _____ the window and makes the
room bright and warm.
h
(
)
son
is
____
a
nice
new
coat.
I
paid
ten
pounds
_____it.
;by
;for
;by
;for
(
)10.
—We’ll have a hiking tr
ip, but when shall we meet?
—Let’s make it
_____ half past eight _____ the morning of
June 23.
;in
B./;on
C./;in
;by
(
)’s go
____ the road. The shop is ____ the other
side.
;on
;on
h;in
n;on
(
)
has
got
a
chair
to
sit____
,but
nobody
to
talk___ .
;to
B./;with
C .on;/
D./;to
(
)
you
get
on
well
____
your
classmates,
you’ll
enjoy your school life more.
(
) you were a little more careful,you could find the
key ____ the door ____ the corner of the room.
;of
;in
;in
;of
(
) food _____ my country is quite different ____
that here.
;like
;from
;to
;from
(
)16.___ the age of 13,Fu Mingxia was very
famous
in
China _____ the youngest Olympic champion.
;for
;as
;for
;as
(
) haven’t finished their they have
some trouble ______ it.
(
)18. ______ the help of his teacher, he became good at
English.
(
)’s very nice
____ you to give me the chance.
(
) plane will take off ____ an hour. I must go to
the airport right now.
(
)21.
—
When will the doctor arrive?
—
_____ two hours.
(
) had to sell the house even though it was ____
her own wishes.
t
(
)
little
elephant
is
afraid
to
go
always
walks ______ his mother.
s
参考答案：
(
五
)
介词
题组训练
1
—
5CAACA6
—
10CBCCC 11
—
15CDCBD
16
—
20DBAAB21
—
25DCCBB
整合集训
1
—
5DBBCA6
—
10DABBB 11
—
15AACBD
16
—
20BDDAA21
—
25DCCCB
(
)24.____
the
help
of
Tom,
I
made
great
progress
in
physics.
(
)25.
—
What
did
you
get
____
your
mother
____
Mother’s Day?
—
A beautiful card and a scarf.
;in
;on
;for
;at
and
but
or
so
both…and…
not only…
but
also…
either…or…
和，又，及
但是，可是
(
表转折
)
或者
(
表选择
)
因此，
所以
(
表
结果
)
两者都
不但
……
而且
……
或者
……
或者
……
neither…nor…
既不
……
也不
……
Neither
the
twins
nor
Li
Lei
has
been to Shanghai.
Would you like tea or coffee?
He
was
ill,
so
he
couldn’t
go
to
school yesterday.
Both you and she are right.
Not
only
you
but
also
everyone
here
likes
watching
football
match.
Either he or I am right.
He is laughing and talking.
He is poor, but honest.
（六）连词
01
命题趋势
考标导向化
< br>连词是历年中考试题中的必考内容之一。从命题内容来看，
涉
及
并
列< br>连
词
and,
or,
but,
so,
not
only
…
but
also,either
…
or,n either
…
nor
等，从属连词
when,while,since,a s
soon
as,until
等，
分值一般在
1
～3
分之间。从近年的中考试题来看，并列连词
and,but,or,so
，neither
…
nor,either
…
or,not
only
…
but
also
的区别，
when,while,as soon as,until
等引导的状语从句的用法区别是考查重
点。从命题形式来看，以单项选择、完形填空为主。
特例清单
1.
“祈使句
+or+
结果句”
与
“
If you don
’
t
…
,you
’
ll
…”
同义，
其中
or
意为“否则”
。如：
Hurry up, or you will be late.
快点，否则你就会迟到了
!
=If you hurry up, you won
’
t be late.
如果快点，你就不会迟到
了。
=If you don
’
t hurry up, you will be late.
如果不快点，
你就会迟
到了。
意为“但是”< br>，用来表示转折关系，注意它不能与
though,although
连用。如：
I want to help you,but I really don
’
t know what to do.
我想帮你，
可是我真的不知道该做什么。
He tried hard to catch up with others,but he failed.
他竭力想赶上
别人，但失败了。
意为“所以，因此 ”用来表示因果关系，注意它不能与
because,since,as
连用。如：
It was rather late,so we decided to go home.
已经很晚了，
所以我
们决定回家。
The rain began to fall,so we had to find a place to stay in.
雨开始
下起来，所以我们不得不找个避雨的地方。
意为“因 为”
，表示原因，主要用来进行补充说明，没
有因果关系。如：
02
定义
概念清晰化
< br>连词是连接单词、短语或句子的一种虚词，起辅助作用，在
句子中不单独作成分。根据在句子中所 起的作用不同，连词通常
分为并列连词和从属连词。并列连词用来连接属于同一层次并具
有同等 句法功能的词、短语或句子；而从属连词用来连接不同层
次，带有主从关系的词、短语或句子。
03
知识归类
知识网络化
❶
并列连词
分类图解
并列连词
词义
例句
I must be off now,for it
’
s rather cold outside.
我得走了，
因为外
面相当冷。
I soon fell asleep,for I was tired.
我很快就睡着了，因为我太累
了。
only
…
but
also,neither
…
nor< br>…和
either
…
or
…连接两个
主语时，
谓语动 词与最近的主语保持一致；
both
…
and
…连接两个
主语时，谓 语动词要用复数形式；而
as
well
as
连接两个主语时，
谓语动词同前面的主语在人称和数上要保持一致。如：
Not only I but also my mother is going to the museum.
不仅我而
且我的母亲也要去博物馆。
Neither you nor I am right.
你和我都不对。
Either you or he is right.
要么你对，要么他对。
Both Li Ping and her
father take
exercise
every morning.
李萍和
她的父亲每天早晨都进行锻炼。
表示
原因
because
since
as
表示
目的
in
order
为了
that
表示
结果
such…
that
表示
让步
though/
although
so…that
如此
……
以
至
于
……
如此
……
以
虽然
至
于
……
He
would
be
happy
though
he
should have to live alone.
He
often
helps
others
although
he is not rich.
表示
比较
as
像
……
一
样
as…as…
和
……
一
样
not
as…as
词义
当
……
时
当
……
时
在
……
之
后
before
till,until
在
……
之
前
直到
……
例句
The
students
were
talking
when
the teacher came in.
while
after
I
was
doing
my
homework
while
my father was watching TV
.
I
’
ll
go
to
play
football
after
I
finish my homework.
Please turn off the light before you
leave the room.
I
’
ll wait till/until he arrives.
than
比
……
She jumped higher than Rose.
不及
……
It isn
’
t as easy as you think.
He ran as fast as Mike.
Do as you like.
It is such a heavy box that nobody
can move it away.
so that
表示
条件
unless
除非，如
果不
因为
既然
因为
以便于
as
since
if
自从
……
如果
为止
不到
……
不
as
soon
一
……
就
She
won
’
t
get
home
till/until
it
gets dark.
I
’
ll
call
you
as
soon
as
I
get
to
Beijing.
He has lived here since 1980.
We
’
ll
go
for
a
picnic
if
it
doesn
’
t
rain.
They
will
have
a
picnic
unless
it
rains next Sunday.
He didn
’
t come because he was ill.
Since
we
have
got
ready
for
it,
let
’
s set off.
As I
’
m not at home, please leave a
message.
He
got
up
early
so
that
he
could
get there in time.
He works hard in order that he can
go to a good college.
The box is so heavy that we can
’
t
carry it.
【题组训练】
(
)1.(2014·
曲靖
)
—
Would you like to hang out with me?
—I’d love to,
_____ I have to study for the test.
(
)2.(2014·
遂宁
)
—
Lucy
，
save water
，
_____ we will have no water
to drink in the future.
—
OK
，
you are quite right.
(
)3.(2014·
云南
)
—
To
achieve
a
bright
future
，
we
should
_____
study hard _____ keep in good health.
—
I agree with you.
;but
only;but also
r;nor
;or
(
)4.(2014·
滨州
)
—
How do you like the two pairs of shorts?
—They don’t fit me are
___ too long ___ too short.
only;but also
;and
r;nor
;or
(
)5.(2014·
重庆
)Practice more
，
_____
you’ll do better in playing
chess.
❷
从属连词
分类图解
分类
表示
时间
连词
when
特例清单
意为“是否”时，引导宾语从句；意为“如果”时，引
导条件状语从句。如：
Could you tell me if they’ll come tomorrow?
你能告诉我他们
明天会来吗？
You can go out to play if your homework is finished.
如果你的作
业做完了，你就可以出去玩了。
2.
从属连词
so…that…和
such…that…都表示“如此……以至
于……”，但用法不同：so…that…结构中的
so
为副词，后面跟< br>形容词或副词；such…that…中的
such
为形容词，后面接名词
(< br>名
词前可以有形容词或副词修饰
)
。试比较：
He
was
such
a
clever
boy
that
he
thought
out
a
very
good
idea.=He was so clever a boy that he thought out a very good idea.
这个
男孩很聪明，想出了一个非常好的办法。
【题组训练】
(
)6.(2014·
南宁
)The bell rang _____ the teacher was explaining the
—
Yes. ______ it rains.
(
)7.
—
What do you think of this skirt?
—It’s
bea
utiful
and
it
fits
me
well,
______
I
like
it
very
much.
(
)
than
five
million
people
have
visited
Disneyland
parks
around
the
world
_____
American
experiment to the students.
(
)7.(2014·
河南
)
He’s not a perfect child.
He sometimes talks back
____
his parents talk with him.
(
)8.(2014·
山西
)
—
Mrs Li
，
will you be angry _____ your students
don’t obey the rules in class?
—
A I will stop them in a friendly way.
(
)9.(2014·
黄石
)The
students
can’t
go
home
____
they
finish
cleaning the classroom
，
for it’s their duty.
(
)10.(2014·
鄂州
)
—
We
will
certainly
enter
a
good
high
school
_____
we work hard.
—
dream will come true by working hard.
soon as
long as
far as
if
04
整合集训
反馈层级化
(
)l
tried
his
best,____
he
caught
up
with
the
others at last.
e
(
)
world’s
population
will
still
increase
_____
we
do something to control it.
(
)3.
—
Li
Bin,please
turn
down
the
music,
____Mom
_____ Dad are reading the newspaper.
—
Sorry,
I’ll do it right away.
r;nor
;or
;and
only;but also
(
) man drank a big bottle of water, ______ he said
he wasn’t thirsty.
e
(
)l was playing basketball with his friends ____
his brother was listening to music.
e
(
)6.
—
Will
you
play
basketball
against
Class
3
tomorrow?
Disneyland opened in July, 1955.
(
) rushed into the house _______ his mother was
cooking.
(
)10.
—
_____ the soldiers are very tired, ____they keep
on working.
—
They are great. We must learn from them.
e;/
;/
e;so
;but
(
)11.
—
Where will Tom
wait for her,at home
______ at
the library?
—
At the library.
(
)12.
—
Did you give the comic book to me?
—
Yes.I
brought
it
to
you
_____
you
were
in
the
reading
room yesterday.
e
(
)
storybooks
for
children
are
awfully
written.
They are ____ interesting _____ exciting.
;or
r;nor
;and
only;but also
(
)14.
—
You will be late _____
you don’t hurry up.
—Don’t worry.I’ll go to school as quickly as possible.
(
)15.
—
What did Jim say in the letter?
—
He said _______Paris was a good place.
(
) work hard, _____your dream will come true.
(
) was playing under an apple tree _____ an
apple fell onto his head.
(
)18. _____he was sleeping,a thief stole his clothes.
(
)19.
—
What do you think of the movie?
—
It is not ______ interesting ______ I expected.
;so
B .so;as
;that
;than
(
)20. _____you do,
don’t miss this exhibition,
for it’s so
hard for me to get the tickets.
er
r
er
r
(
)21.I’ll leave him a note
_______
he’ll know where we
are.
that
(
) you know ______ or not they will come to the
party?
r
参考答案：
(
六
)
连词
题组训练
1
—
5CABDB6
—
10CCADB
整合集训
1
—
5CBCBA6
—
10DBCCB11
—
15 DABDA
16
—
20BACBA21
—
25ADADA
(
)
don’t
understand
the
passage,
______there
are
few new words in it.
e
(
)24.
—
Mom,shall we have supper now?
—Oh,we won’t have it
____ your dad comes back.
(
) didn’t go to school yesterday
______ he was ill.
e
e of
时
以
-able,
-ible
结尾的形容词可置
于有最高级或
only
修饰的名词之
后
alive,
alike,
awake,
aware,
asleep
等可以后置
表示长、宽、高、深及年龄的形
容词
形容词短语一般后置
else
修饰疑问词和不定代词时
a man difficult to get on with
what else
，
something else
a bridge 50 meters long
the only person awake
the
best
book
available,
the
only solution possible
特例清单
1.
有些形容词只能作定语。如：
littl e(
小
的
),only(
唯
一
的
),wooden (
木
质
的
),elder(
年
长
的
),w oolen(
羊
毛
质
的
)
等
及
复
合
形
容
词
man- made(
人
造
的
),kind- hearted(
好心的
),English- speaking(
说英语的
),take- away(
可以
带走的
)
等。
2.
有些形容词只能作表语。如：
alone(
孤
独的
),asleep(
睡
着
的
),awake(
醒着
的
),alive(
活
着
的
),well(
健康的
),ill(
病的
),frightened(
害怕的
)等。
3.
有些形容词貌似副词。如：
friendly(< br>友好的
),lively(
生动的
),lonely(
孤独的
)
等。
4.
有些形容词与定冠词
the
连用，表示一类人或物。如：
We
should
respect
the
old
and
love
the
young.
我们应该尊老爱
幼。
It’s not polite to laugh at the blind
or the deaf.
取笑盲人或聋人
是不礼貌的。
修饰名词时既可以放在名 词的前面，也可以放在其
后面；然而，
enough
作状语修饰形容词或副词时，应该 放在形容
词或副词之后。如：
We have enough time(=time enough)to finish the work.
我们有足
够的时间来完成这项工作。
He ran fast enough to catch the bus.
他跑得很快，
足够赶上公共
汽车了。
This hall is big enough to hold 1,000 people.
这个大厅够大的，
可
（七）形容词和副词
01
命题趋势
考标导向化
在历年各地中考中，形容词 和副词是必考的知识点，
分值通常在
3
～
5
分之间。从命题形式来看 ，一般有单
项选择、完形填空、词语运用等；其中对形容词和副词
的句法功能、比较等级的用法 及易混形容词和副词的辨
析的考查又是重中之重。
预计
2015
年中考热点仍 将集中
在形容词和副词的词义辨析和比较等级的用法上。
02
定义
概念清晰化
< br>形容词是用来修饰名词或不定代词，说明事物和人
的性质和特征的一类词，在句子中用作定语、表 语、宾
语补足语；而副词用以修饰动词、形容词或其他副词，
在句子中作状语、表语、补语和定 语。英语中的形容词
和副词都有等级的变化。
03
知识归类
知识网络化
❶
形容词的位置
分类图解
形容词作定语通常前置，但在下列情况后置：
修饰
some, any, every, no
和
body,
nobody absent, everything
thing,
one
等构成的复合不定代词
possible
以容纳
1000
人。
6.
多个形容词作定语时，通常按“ 性质→大小
(
长短、高低、
形状等)→年龄
/
新旧→颜色→国籍(
地区、
出处等)→材料”的顺序
排列。如：
a beautiful tall building
一座漂亮而高大的建筑物
a large yellow Chinese coat
一件黄色的中国式大衣
副词的作用及位置
(
)6.(2014·
曲靖
)David doesn
’
t like rice noodles
，
his son doesn
’
t
，
________.
(
)7.(2014·
随州
)
—
How is Lucy
’
s English?
—
She
always
does
very
well
in
her
English
exams.
But
she
can_______
understand English radio programs.
y
(
)8.(2014·
宿迁
)Sandy likes travelling. She_______ stays at home
during holidays.
y
(
)9.(2014·
绵阳
)
—
Alex
，
did you find our old school last week?
—
Yes
，
but with much difficulty
，
for it has ________changed over
these years.
tely
(
)10.(2014·
昆明
)Teenagers
should
be
encouraged
to
go______
and be close to nature.
e
【题组训练】
形容词的作用及位置
(
)1.(2014·
绥化
)Keep all the windows _______
，
it’s too hot in the
room.
(
)2.(2014·
荆州
)
—I’ll not be Jack’s friend any more.
—Don’t be ’s just so
______
，
but in fact he’s good to us
，
you know.
l
(
)3.(2014·
河北
)How
_____
Cindy
grows
!she’s
almost
as
tall
as
her mother now.
ht
(
)4.(2014·
来宾
)After the earthquake
，
we heard of lots of ______
stories
，
and all of us were deeply .
;moved
;moving
;moving
;moved
(
)5.(2014·
东
营
)Overseas
experience
may
help
make
our
life______ .So why not try to study abroad?
sful
ional
❸
规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
分类图解
构成方法
一般单音节词末尾
加
-
er,
-
est
。
原级
small
fast
quick
以不发音的
e
结尾
的单
音
节
词
加
-
r,
-
st
。
nice
fine
比较级
smaller
faster
quicker
nicer
finer
earlier
happier
最高级
smallest
fastest
quickest
nicest
finest
earliest
happiest
❷
副词的分类
分类图解
时间
副词
soon, now, early,
finally,once,
recently
地点
副词
方式
副词
程度
副词
注意：
地点副词、时间副词和方式副词放在句尾，它们同时 出现时
的顺序是：方式副词→地点副词→时间副词。如：
The students are doing the experiments carefully in the lab now.
同
学们现在正在实验室里认真地做实验。
Many people take exercise happily on the square every morning.
很
多人每天早晨在广场上高兴地进行锻炼。
here,nearby,outside,
upwards,above
hard,well,fast,slowl
y,excitedly,really
almost,nearly,very,f
airly,quite,rather
疑问
副词
连接
副词
关系
副词
how,when,where,why,whether,however,meanwhile
when,where,why
how,where,when,why
频度
副词
always,often,frequently,
seldom,never
early
happy
以辅音字母
+y
结
尾的双音节单 词，
先把
y
变为
i
，
再加
-
er,
-
est
。
以一个辅音字母结
尾的重读闭音节的
单词， 双写末尾的
字母再加
-
er,
-
est
。
部分双音节词或多
音节词在原级前加
more,most
。
red
big
thin
interesting
important
redder
bigger
thinner
more
interesting
more
important
reddest
biggest
thinnest
most
interesting
most
important
特例清单
1.
使用比较级时，在对比中应该是同类进行对比。如：
“我的英语不如你的好”应译成“My
English
is
not
as(so)good
as
yours.”，
而不能译成“My English is not as good as you.”。
因为此
【题组训练】
句中比较的对象是
English
，而不是
you
，所以要把
you
改成yours(=your English)
。
2.
使用比较级时，切忌一方包含另一方，从而造成自身与自
身的比较。如：
“她比她班上任何同学学习都努力”应译成“She
studies
harder
than
any
other
student
in
her
class.”，而不能译成“She
studies
harder than any student in her class.”。
any student in her class
包括
she
，使用了
other
才能将其排除。
(
)18.(2014·
咸宁
)
—
What do you think of her teaching English?
—
Great! No one teaches_______ in our school.
(
)19.(2013·
大庆
)If
you
want
to
be
thinner
and
healthier
，
you
should eat _____ food and take ______ exercise.
;fewer
;less
;more
;more
(
)20.(2013·
南宁
)We held a concert in the hall sang
______
among the singers.
【题组训练】
(
)11.(2014·
山西
)
—
Have you watched A Bite of China recently?
—
Of course.I do believe Chinese food is ____ in the world.
most delicious
delicious
ous
(
)12.(2014·
襄阳
)With
the
development
of
modern
science
，
it
’
s______
for us to get information from all over the world.
(
)13.(2014·
呼和浩特
)The
box
was
_____
than
I
had
expected.I
was out of breath when I got home.
heavier
heavier
heavier
heavier
(
)14.(2014·
嘉兴
)
—
Do you like eating fish
，
Wang Han?
—
Of g can be_______
，
I think.
ous
ful
delicious
beautiful
(
)15.(2014·
白银
)
—
He
is
the
only
one
who
failed
in
the
math
exam.
—
Really?You mean he studies________.
most careful
least careful
most carefully
least carefully
❺
形容词、副词的比较级和最高级的用法
分类图解
句型
as
＋形
容
词
/
副
词
原
级
＋
as
意义
< br>两者比较，程度
相同。
“as…as”
结
构前可以带表示
程< br>度
的
状
语
,
像
quite,
等。
如果形容词修饰
单数可数名词，
应用
as
＋形容词
/
副
词
原
级
＋
a(n)
＋可数名词单数
形式＋as
。
如果指同一个人
或物，应译为
“
不
但
……
而
且
……”
。
Tom is as good a person as his
uncle.
汤姆和他叔叔一样是
好人。
This
is
just
as
good
an
example as the other one.
这个
例子和另外那个一样好。
Li Mei is as beautiful as she is
clever.
李梅不但漂亮而且聪
明。
half,
twice,
nearly
例句
This
book
is
almost/nearly
as
thick
as
that
one.
这本书几乎
同那本一样厚。
His
ability
is
not
half
as
high
一半。
almost,
as
yours.
他的能力不及你的
❹
不规则变化的形容词和副词的比较级和最高级
分类图解
原级
good/well
bad/ill/badly
little
many/much
far
old
【题组训练】
(
)16.(2014·
绵阳
)
—
Rosa
，
can
I
wear
jeans
and
T-shirt
to
the
evening party?
—
a dress might be______ .
(
)17.(2014·
长沙
)
—
Oh
，
it was fantastic! Lily danced so well.
—
Well
，
I think Kate danced_______ than Lily.
比较级＋
and
＋比较级
比较级
better
worse
less
more
farther
older/elder
最高级
best
worst
least
most
farthest
oldest/eldest
not
as
/so
＋
形容词
/
副词
原级＋
as
两者相比，一方
不及另一方。
This
village
isn’t
as/so
big
as
that
one.
这个村子没有那个
村子大。
I
didn’t
do
my
homework
as
carefully
as
you.
我做作业不
如你仔细。
形容词
/
副词
比较级
+than
两者进行比较。
The
sun
is
bigger
than
the
earth.
太阳比地球大。
She
usually
gets
up
earlier
than
others.
她通常比别人起
得早。
“
越来越
……”
，
多
and
more
＋形
容
She
is
growing
fatter
and
Our country is becoming more
音
节
的
用
more
fatter.
她越来越胖了。
词或副词原级。
and
more
beautiful.
我们的国
家越来越美了。
the
＋
比
较
“
越
……
，
The
busier
the
old
man
is,the
级，
越
……”
，
如
果
happier
he
feels.
那位老人越
the
＋比较级
“the
＋比较级
”
修
忙越高兴。
饰名词作定语，
The
more,the
better.
越
多
越
名词要紧跟在比
好。
较级之后。
The
more
money
he
gets,the
more
he
wants.
他得到的钱越
多越想要。
具体数字
(
如
是
……
的
……
The city is two times as big as
倍
数
)+as…
倍。
my
hometown.
这个城市有我
as …
的家乡的
2
倍大。
具体数字、
实
形容词与具体倍
He is a head taller than I.
他比
物、倍数等
+
数等的比较。
我高一个头。
比较级
+than
This
city
is
three
times
larger
than
that
one.
这座城市比那
座城市大三倍。
形容
词
最
高
(
三
者
或
三
者以
He
is
the
tallest
boy
in
our
级
+
介词短语
上
)
最
……
的。
class.
他是我们班里最高的男
(
比较范围
)
孩。
副词最高级
+
(
三
者
或
三
者
以
He works hardest in his class.
介词 短语
(
比
上
)
最
……
的。
他< br>是
班
上
学
习
最
用
功
的
一< br>较范围
)
个。
特例清单
1.
“
A+
谓语动词
+the+
比较级
+of the two +
…”
，表
示“两者中较……的”
。如：
Wang Fei is the taller one of the two brothers.
王飞是他
们兄弟两人中较高的一个。
2.
“
A+
谓语动词
+one
of
the+
最高级
+
复数名词
+in/of
短语”表示
“……是最……的之一”
。如：
Miss
Li
is
one
of
the
most
popular
teachers
in
our
school.
李老师是我们学校最受欢迎的老师之一。
The
Yangtze
River
is
one
of
the
longest
rivers
in
the
world.
长江是世界上最长的河流之一。
3.
“
A+
谓语动词
+the+
序数词
+
最高级
+in/of
短语”
表示“……是第……最……的”
。如：
The Yellow River is the second longest river in China.
黄
河是中国第二长河。
【题组训练】
(
)21.(2014·
铜仁
)The Yangtze River is one of ____ in the world.
longest rivers
longest river
rivers
river
(
)22.(2014·
南充
)
—
I think English is as ______ as maths.
—
I agree with you.
interesting
interesting
most interesting
sting
(
)23.(2014·
阜康
)Of the two sisters
，
Lucy is ______ one
，
and she is
also the one who loves to be quiet.
A.a younger
B.a youngest
younger
youngest
(
)24.(2014·
兰州
)The weather is becoming________ .
and hotter
hot and hot
and hoter
and more hot
(
)25.(2014·
昆明
)
—It’s
smoggy these days.
That’s terrible!
—
Yes.I hope to plant trees.______ trees
，
______ air pollution.
more
，
the fewer
less
，
the more
less
，
the fewer
more
，
the less
04
整合集训
反馈层级化
(
) took up a cup to drink some water, but he found
it was_____ .
(
) is _____ for us to bring our umbrellas because the
weather report says it will rain this afternoon.
sting
ary
(
)3.
—
How about the movie,Jack?
—It’s a little I was too
______ to watch the end
of it.
ng
(
)4.
—
Uncle
Wang
feels
very
_____
after
finishing
the
____work.
—
He really needs to have a good rest.
;tiring
;tired
;tired
;tiring
(
)
of
you
should
be
careful
enough
to
keep
yourself _____ when doing this chemistry experiment.
y
(
)6.
—
Hurry up!The concert will begin soon.
—
Take it have ______ time left.
(
)7.
—
Why
do
you
like
living
in
the
countryside,Uncle
Wang?
—
Because the air there is _______ and clean.
(
)’d better not eat to
o much ____
food because it’s
not only bad for our teeth,but also makes us fat easily.
ous
(
)9.
—
These days I have always felt stressed.