2012年阅读真题解析
警惕小丑文化的泛滥-新年手抄报简单又漂亮
2012
年试题分析
Passage One
生词释义
1. be popular with sb:
在
sb
中很受欢迎
2.
to scorn:
（动词）轻视，蔑视
=look down upon
scornful:
(
形容词）轻视的
3. Los Angeles
Unified
：
洛杉矶联合校区
4. across
the country:
整个国家
=
throughout the country
5.
to revise:
修订，
修改
6.
ritual:
（名词）
1
）仪式，
*ancient religious rituals
古代的宗教仪式
*the
importance of religion and ritual in our lives
我们生活中宗教和仪式的重要性
*The lady of the house
performs
the sacred
ritual
of lighting two candles.
< br>女主人点
燃了两根蜡烛，
举行了神圣的仪式。
2
）
（文中含义）
惯例
*
the
daily ritual
of mealtimes
每天吃饭的惯例
*
He
went through the ritual
of lighting his
cigar.
他习惯性地点了一支烟。
7. flexible:
灵活的，
可改变的
inflexible:
不可改变的
8. to mandate:
（及物动词）
强制规定
* These
measures were mandated by the IMF.
国际货币组织强制规定了这些措施。
# mandate that
...
规定
.....;
要求
....
* Justice mandates that we
should treat all candidates equally.
正义要
求我们平等对
待所有的候选人。
9. exception:
例外
# with the
exception of sth:
除
….
之外
=
except
*
We all
laughed, with the exception of Maggie.
#without
exception
无一例外
*Each plant, without exception,
contains some kind of salt.
每一种植物都无一例外地含有某种
盐。
10. to count
（
for
）
:
有价值，
很重要
= be important
*
First
impressions really do count.
第一印象真的很重要。
*
His promises don't count for much.
他的承诺算不了什么。
* His
overseas results
count for
nothing
.
他在海外的经历不重要。
1
与
account for
something
进行比较
1
）
占
…
的比重
* Afro-
Americans account for 12% of the US population.
非裔美国人占美国人口的
12%.
2)
解释
…
.
的原因
* Recent pressure at work may account
for his behavior.
最近
在工作上的压力可
能可以解释他的行为。
* Can you account
for your movements on that night?
你能解释那天晚上的行为
吗？
11. academic:
学业的
academic
grade:
学业成绩
academy:
（名词）学术
*Homework
has never been terribly popular with students and
even many parents, but
in recently
years it has been particularly scorned. School
districts across the country
,
most recently Los Angeles Unified, are
revising their thinking on this educational
ritual.
Unfortunately, L.A. Unified has
produced an inflexible policy which
mandates that with the exception of
some advanced courses, homework may no
longer count for
more than
10% of a student‟s
academic grade.
家庭作业从来就没
有受到过学生、<
/p>
甚至是家长的特别欢迎，
而近些年来更是备受贬损。
美国各学
区，
特别是最近的洛杉矶联合校区，
正在矫正对这一教育惯例的看法。
不
幸
的是，
洛杉矶联校制定了一项硬性政策，
规定除了一些高级课程外，
家
庭作业
在学业成绩中所占比重不能再超过
10%
。
12. be meant to do:
应该做
….;
有责任做
…
=should
*Come on, Ellen, you're
meant to be helping me.
行了，
Ellen
，
你应该帮帮我。
*I
thought the police were meant to protect people.
我认为警察有责任保护大家。
13. impoverished:
贫穷的
= poor
14. chaos:
（名词）
混乱
chaotic:
混乱的
15. contradictory:
矛盾的
动
词
形式
：
to contradict
（注：
“
和
…
.
相矛盾
”
，
后面不加
with
* The
article
flatly contradicts
their claims.
这篇文章和他们所宣称的是完全矛盾
的。
* The witness
statements
contradict each
other
and the facts remain unclear.
证人
的证词自相矛盾，
事实还不清楚。
2
16. on one‟s own:
独立地
= independently
17. to give a pass to sb:
让
sb
通过
,
让
sb
过关
18. complicated:
复杂的
= complex
19. to imply:
<
/p>
(
动词
)
暗指，
暗示
implication:
名词
* It is going
close to the implicatio
n that….
< br>差不多就是指
…..
，
This rule is meant to
address the difficulty that students from
impoverished or chaotic
homes might
have in completing their homework.
But
the policy is unclear and
contradictory. Certainly, no homework
should be assigned that students cannot
complete on their own or that they
cannot do without expensive equipment. But if the
district is essentially giving a pass
to students who do not do their homework because
of complicated family lives, it is
going riskily close to the implication that
standards
need to be lowered for poor
children.
该规定的目的是解决那些家境贫困或家庭状
况糟糕的学生在完成作业时可能存在的困难。
但是该政策不够清晰并自相矛盾。
当然，
若学生不能独立完成作业或者需要昂贵的设备才能完成，
这样的家庭作
业就不该布置。
但是如果学生因为家庭环境复杂未完成作业，
而学区却基本让
其过了关，
那么这就相当于明目张胆地说，
对贫穷孩子有必要降低考试标准。
20. administrator:
管理者
21. schooling:
（不可数名词）学业
*
children
in their
final
year of
compulsory
schooling
这些孩子是义务教育的最后
一年
* Al's dad had only a few years of
schooling
艾尔的爸爸只受过几年教育
22.
to assign:
布置
assignment:
(
名词）布置的作业和任务
23. to skip:
跳过，
略过，
不做
* I decided to skip the first chapter.
我决定跳过第一章。
* She
skipped lunch in order to go shopping.
为了去购物，
她没有吃午餐。
24. report card:
成绩报告单
25. rather
than: =instead of
不是
….
*
I think
you'd call
it a
lecture rather
than a talk.
我认为，你应该把它称之为讲座
,
而不是一次谈话。
*
Rather
than
go
straight
on
to
university
why
not
get
some
work
experience
first?
不直接去上大学，
何不先取得一些工作经验呢？
*
Bryson decided to quit rather than accept the new
rules.
布里森决定辞职，
而不是
接受新的规则。
26.
to empower sb to do :
授权
sb
做
sth
3
*
The President
is empowered
to appoint
judges
to the Supreme Court.
总统被授权
为最高法院任命法官。
27. to impose:
强加
# to impose
sth on sb:
把
sth
强加
在
sb
身上
* Some parents
impose their own moral values on their children. <
/p>
有些父母把自己的
道德观念强加在孩子身上。
28.
flat:
(
形容词）断然的
across-the-board:
统一的
*a flat, across-the board rule:
一个断然、统一的规则
District administrators say that
homework will still be a part of schooling;
teachers are
allowed to assign as much
of it as they want. But with homework counting for
no
more than 10% of their grades,
students can easily skip half their homework and
see
very little difference on their
report cards. Some students might do well on state
tests
without completing their
homework, but what about the students who
performed well
on the tests and did
their homework? It is quite possible that the
homework helped.
Y
et
rather
than
empowering teachers to find what
works best for their students, the
policy imposes a flat, across-the-board
rule.
学区管理层宣称家庭作业仍将是学业
的一部分；<
/p>
允许老师自主安排作业量。
但由于家庭作业在学业成绩中所占比重
不能超过
10%
，
学生就能轻易逃避一半的家庭作业，
而成绩报告单上也几乎看
不出差别。
有些学生不做家庭作业统考也能取得好成绩，
但是那些完成了家庭
作业并且取得好成绩的学生呢？
这很可能是由于写作业帮助了他们。
然而该规
定不是授权教师去探索什么样的作业最适合学生，
<
/p>
而是强制规定了一个死板、
统一的规则。
29.
to address:
(
动词
)
解决
(
重点词汇
)=
solve
* to
address the problem
：
解决问题
30
．
thorn:
（名词）刺
thorny:
多刺的；
（文中含义）
棘手的，
难处理的
31. academic
achievement:
学业成绩
32. to eliminate:
1
）
（文中含义）根除，
消除（不必要或不重要的东西）
*The credit card eliminates the need
for cash or checks.
信用卡免去了对现金或支
票的需求。
*The teacher should try to eliminate
the possibility that the child has a hearing
defect.
老师应该尽可能排除孩子有听力障碍的可能性。
2
）
消灭，
杀死（敌人
< br>/
对手）
4
33.
conversely:
相反地
= on the contrary
34. to
matter:
（动词）
很重要
=
to count
* Money was the only thing
that mattered to him.
金钱是唯一对他重要的东西。
35. a portion
of
：一部分
a significant portion
of….
很大部分
36.
appropriate:
适当的
37. to review:
（动词）
1
）回顾
2
）复习
3
）
（文中含义）
批阅，
审
核
At the same
time, the policy addresses none of the truly
thorny questions about
homework. If the
district finds homework to be unimportant to its
students‟
academic
achievement, it should move to reduce
or eliminate the assignments, not make them
count for almost nothing.
Conversely,
if homework
matters, it should account for a
significant portion of the grade.
Meanwhile, this policy does nothing to ensure that
the
homework students receive is
meaningful or appropriate to their age and the
subject,
or that teachers are not
assigning more than they are willing to review and
correct.
与
此同时，
该政策并未解决有关家庭作业真正棘手的问题。
假若学区发现家庭作
业对于提高学生的学业成绩作用不大，
< br>
那么它就该采取行动减少甚至取消家庭
作业，
而不是让它在成绩中的比重变得微乎其微。
相反，若家庭作业很重要，
那么就应在学业中占有重要比重。
与此同时，
学生接受的家庭作业是否
有意义、
是否适合他们的年龄和学科、
老师布置的作业是否超出
他们愿意批改的数量，
对
于这些问题该政策丝毫不能保证。
38. to put sth
on hold:
（动词短语）
暂停
sth=
to suspend
*
The plans are on hold
until after the election.
选举后，
计划被暂停了。
* Since
having the kids, my career has been
put
on hold
.
自从有了孩子，
我的职业
生涯开始暂停。
39. to look into the
matter:
调查这件事情
= to
investigate
40. to conduct:
（动词）举行，
进行
*to conduct an investigation/ survey/
an experiment:
进行调查
/
实验
41. public
hearing:
公众听证会
The homework rules should be put on
hold while the school board, which is
responsible for setting educational
policy
, looks into the matter and
conducts public
hearings. It is not too
late for L.A. Unified to do homework right.
学校董事会（负责
制定教育政策的机构）在调查此事并举行公众听证会的时候
，
有关家庭作业的
规定应该推迟实施。
对于洛杉矶联校来说，
正确处理这件事还不算太晚。
5
文章结构：
本文就一项关于学生家庭作业的教育政策展开论述。
第一段：提出了人们对家庭作业的一般观点，
并给出了话题，即洛杉矶校区关
于家庭作业方面的规定。
第二段：
提出论点，
即该规定不够明确并相互矛盾，
并具体就贫困学生的情况
指出弊病。
第三段
:
指出该规定没有考虑到家庭作业对学生学业成绩的作用
而是简单地
“
一刀切
”
。
第四段：指出该规定没有解决家庭作业的真正棘手问题，
也没有考虑到学生年
龄、科目和教师批改方面的具体情况。
第五段：提出解决方法，
即应该停止执行这种规定并征询大众意见。
试题分析：
21. It is
implied in paragraph 1 that nowadays homework____.
[A] is receiving more criticism
[B]is no longer an educational ritual
[C]is not required for advanced courses
[D]is gaining more preferences
根据信号词
nowadays
和
homework
，
回文定位到第
1
段第一句
..Homework has
never been terribly popular with
students and even many parents,
but
in recently years
it has
been particularly scorned,
注意到
but
后面的
particularly scorned,
是
receiving
more
criticism
的同义转述，
答案为（
A
）
22. d has made the rule about homework
mainly because poor
students_____.
[A] tend to have moderate expectations
for their education
[B]have asked for a
different educational standard
[C]may
have problems finishing their homework
[D]have voiced their complaints about
homework
这是原因推断题。
根据信号词
d
和
made the rule
about homework
，
回
文定位到第
1
段尾句
.A. Unified
has produced an inflexible
policy
，
但没有提到原
因，
继续往第二段找，
发现首句
This rule
is
meant to address the difficulty that
students from impoverished or chaotic
homes might have in completing their
homework.
注意到代词
this,
后面
必定是题眼
,
because
是
be meant to
的同义
转述，
答案为（
C
）
6
23. According
to Paragraph 3‟one problem with the policy is that
it may____.
[A]discourage
students from doing homework
[B]result
in students‟ indifference to their report
cards
[C]undermine the
authority of state tests
[D]restrict
teachers‟ power in education
根据信号词
one problem with the
policy
，
回文定位到第
三段第二句，
注意到
是
But
with homework counting for no more than 10% of
their grades, students can
easily
skip half their homework
and
see very little difference on their report cards.
选项
[A]discourage
students from doing
homework
是划线部分的同义转述，
< br>答案
为（
A
）
< br>
24. As
mentioned in Paragraph 4 a key question unanswered
about homework
is_____.
[A]
it should be eliminated
[B] it counts
much in schooling
[C] it places extra
burdens on teachers
[D] it is important
for grades
根据信号词
a key
question unanswered about homework
，
回文定位到第
4
段首
句
the policy addresses none of the truly
thorny questions about
homework.
，
注意到
是信号词
unanswered about
homework= address none;
但题目询问的是具体的一
个未解决问题是什么，
在接下来的第三句话中，
第一句
f the district finds
homework to be
unimportant
to
its students‟ academic
achievement,
与第二句
If
homework
matters....
说的是同一个问题。
答案为（
D
）
25. A suitable
title for this Passage could be____.
[A] wrong Interpretations of an
Educational Policy
[B] A Welcomed
Policy for Poor Students
[C] Thorny
Questions about Homework
[D] A Faulty
Approach to Homework
篇章主旨题需要关注首尾段中心句或各段落首句，
从整体上把握文章。
手段
中心句
Unfortunately, L.A. Unified
has produced an inflexible policy which mandates <
/p>
that....
可知下文探讨的是
“<
/p>
一项有关应对家庭作业的错误政策
”
；<
/p>
在根据尾段中心
句
he
homework rules should be put on hold while the
shool board
”
可进一步确认本
文主要讲的是
“
一项关于家庭作业政策的错误
”
，
这种首尾段中心句的
呼应恰恰
说明它们是主旨题的
“
题眼<
/p>
”
，
正确答案为（
D
）
Passage Two
7
生词释义
women:
成年女性
2. be
obsessed with/by sth:
（略含贬义）
过度关注
;
一心想着
* A lot of
young girls are obsessed by their
weight.
很多女孩子对体重过度关注。
* Jody's been obsessed with some
lifeguard for months.
朱迪一个月来一直对某个警
卫耿耿于怀。
3.
pervasive
遍布的，
弥漫的
* the
pervasive influence of
television
电视无处不在的影响
* the
all-
pervasive
mood of
apathy
到处弥漫着漠不关心的情绪
动词原形：
to pervade:
(
感情，
想法或气味）弥漫着
*
A
spirit of hopelessness
pervaded the country.
一种无助的情绪弥漫着整个国家。
4. intrinsically
：
从本质上来讲
5. a tiny
slice of the rainbow
：一小抹彩虹
6. to celebrate:
1
）
庆祝
2
）
（
文中含义）
歌颂，
颂扬
to celebrate
girlhood
：
赞扬少女时代
7. in one
way:
在某方面
8. to
fuse:
融合
to fuse
girls‟ identity to appearance
把女孩的身份融合到外表中
9.
to present:
(
动词
)
呈现
* to present
that connection:
呈现那种关联
10. to despair at sth:
对
sth
很绝望
11.
singular
：
（
形容词）
1
）
单数的
* If the subject is
singular, use a singular
verb.
如果主语是单数的，
使用单数动词
。
2
）
（文中含义）
显著的，
明显的
*
He showed a
singular lack
of
tact in the
way he handled the
situation.
在处理问题时候，他显得明显缺乏技巧。
* a singular
achievement
：
突出的成就
Pretty in pink: adult women do not
remember being so obsessed with the colour, yet it
is pervasive
in our young
girls‟ lives.
It is not
that
pink is intrinsically bad
, but it
is
such a tiny slice of the
rainbow and, though it may celebrate girlhood in
one way
, it
also repeatedly
and firmly
fuses girls‟ identity to
appearance
. Then it presents that
connection, even among two-year-olds,
between girls as not only innocent but as
evidence of innocence. Looking around,
I despaired at the singular lack of
imaginati
on about girls‟
lives and interests.
穿粉红色衣服漂亮：
成年女性已不记
得自己对这种颜色的迷恋，
但它在年轻女孩的生活中很盛行。
倒不是说粉红色
本身有什么不好，
而是它仅仅是五颜六色彩虹的一小部分。
尽管它能在某方面
8
烘托少女的特质，
但它也会反复强化女孩身份与外貌之间的联系。
粉红色可以
呈现出少女之间，
甚至是两岁女孩儿之间的共性：
纯真，
而粉红色自身即是
纯真的证明。
环顾四周，
我绝望地发现女孩的生活和兴趣格外缺乏想象力。
12.
unavoidable:
不可避免的
13.
to
encode
：
（及物动词）
把
….
编码
* Pink seems to be encoded in
girls
‟
DNA.
粉色似乎被
编码在女孩的
DNA
中。
14.
be color-coded:
有色标的，
有色码对应的
* Children
are not color-coded at all.
孩子是不标注对应色码的
。
（意思是指男女还
没有天生是和某种颜色联系在一起的。
）
15.
as a practical matter:
实际上
16.
gender-
neutral dress
：
不分性别的裙子
17.
to introduce:
引进
（重要词汇）
18.
masculine:
男性的，
男子汉气概的
masculinity (
名词
)
feminine:
女性的，
女性气质的
femininity (
名词
)
19.
pastel
：
（形容词）
柔和的，
淡的
20.
version:
式样，
版本
* Pink is a
pastel version of red.
粉色是红色的柔和版。
21.
intimation:
1
）暗示
*
the first
intimations of the approaching conflict
冲突来
临的第一次暗示
2
）宣告，
告知
*
Without early intimation of the dates of the
training sessions, enthusiasm for
training could
decrease.
没有早点告知培训课程的日期，
大家培训的热情可能会降
低。
22.
Virgin Mary:
圣母玛丽亚
23.
constancy:
恒久不变，
坚贞
24.
to amplify:
增强，
放大
25.
marketing strategy:
营销策略
26.
to come into
its own:
形成，
取得成功
27.
inherently:
天性地，
固有地
28.
to define:
（动词）
1
）
（文中含义）
定义
*
A
budget
is defined as
„
a plan of action expressed
in
money terms'.
预算被定义为
“
从金钱的角度表达一个行动计划
”
。
* Define
precisely what you mean by 'crime'.
准确地
定义你所指的
“
犯罪
”
。
2
）
描述
9
Girls‟
attraction to pink may seem
unavoidable, somehow encoded in their
DNA,
but
according to Jo
Paoletti, an associate professor of American
Studies,
it is not
. Children
were not colour-coded at all until the
early 20th century
, in the era before
domestic
washing machines all babies
wore white as a practical matter, since the only
way of
getting clothes clean was to
boil them. What‟s more, both boys and girls wore
what
were thought of as gender-neutral
dresses. When nursery colours were introduced,
pink was actually considered the more
masculine colour, a pastel version of red,
which was associated with strength.
Blue, with its intimations of the Virgin
Mary
,
constancy and
faithfulness, symbolized femininity
. It
was not until the
mid-1980s,when
amplifying
age and sex differences
became a dominant children‟s
marketing
strategy
, that pink fully came into its
own, when it began to seem
inherently
attractive to girls, part of what defined them as
female, at least for the first
few
critical years.
粉红色对女孩的诱惑似乎是不可避免的，
不知怎么着成了她
们
DNA
编码的
一部分，
但根据美国研究副教授
Jo
Paoletti
的观点，
事实并非
如此。
在
20
世纪初以前，
孩子的衣服是不标注对应色码的：
在家用洗衣机问
世之前的时代，
婴儿实际上都穿白色，
因为洗尽衣服的唯一方式是煮烫。
此
外，
不管男孩女孩都穿人们认为属中性颜色的衣服。
在托儿所引入色彩概念后，
粉红色实际上被认为是一种更具男性特征的颜色，
比红色更柔和，
让人联想到
力量。
蓝色会让人想到圣母玛丽亚，
代表着坚贞和忠贞，
是女性的标志。
20
世纪
80
年代中期，
强调年龄与性别差异开始成为儿童服装市场的主导策略，
直
到这时粉红色才盛行起来，
开始对女孩产生一种看似固有的吸引力，
这让粉红
色成为了定义女性特征的一个元素，
至少在最初的关键几年里是这样。
29.
profound:
(
形容词）深刻的
profoundly:
深刻地
30. to dictate:
1
）
口授
*
She's dictating a letter to
her secretary right now.
刚才她
向
她秘书口授了一封信。
2
）
（文中含义）支配
,
决定
=to determine
*
Funds dictate what we can
do.
资金决定着我们能做的事情。
# dictate that
*The laws of physics dictate that what
goes up must come down.
物理学原理决定着
< br>向上的东西必然会向下去。
10
* The massive
publicity dictated a response from the city
government.
很高的透明
度决定着市政府的反应。
3
）发号施令；
规定
*Islamic
custom
dictates
that
women
should
be
fully
covered.
伊斯兰习俗规定妇女
必须全部遮盖起来。
*The US government attempted
to
dictate the terms
of the
agreement.
美国政府企
图规定协议的条款。
30.
perception:
(
名词）
看法
= idea
to
perceive:
（动词）理解，
感觉，
看待
= regard, think
# to perceive sth as:
* Even
as a young woman she had been perceived as a
future chief executive.
当她很
年轻的时候，
就被人看作是未来的总裁。
# to
perceive sth to be:
*Children who do
badly in school tests often perceive themselves to
be failures.
那些
在学校考试中表现很差的孩子把
自己看成是失败者。
31.
to take sth:
以
sth
为例
* To take the
toddler
：以蹒跚学步的孩子为例
32.
turns out:
结果竟然是（有点出人意外的）
.......= as a
result
*
It was a difficult time, but eventually
things turned out all right.
那是艰难的时刻，
但最后结
果还不错。
* To my surprise,
it turned out that
I was
wrong.
让我吃惊的是，
我最后竟然错了。
* As it turned
out
, he passed the exam quite easily.
最后他竟然轻松通过了考试
*
That guy turned out to be Maria's ex-husband..
那家伙竟然是玛丽亚的前夫。
33.
a marketing
trick:
营销策略
= a
marketing strategy
I had
not realized how profoundly marketing trends
dictated our perception of
what is
natural to kids, including our core beliefs about
their psychological
development. Take
the toddler. I assumed that phase was something
experts
developed after years of
research into children‟s behavior: wrong.
Turns out,
according to
Daniel Cook, a historian of childhood
consumerism
, it was popularized
as a marketing trick by clothing
manufacturers in the 1930s.
我原来没有意识到，
市
场营销的潮流对我们有关儿童天性的理解，
包括我们对儿童心理发育的核心观
念，
都产生着巨大影响。
以蹒跚学步的小孩为例。
我曾认为该阶段是专家们
11
经过多年研究儿童行为特征后发展出来的
:
错。
根据儿童消费史学家
Daniel
Cook
的观点，
它事实上是
20
世纪
30
年代才开始流行，
源自制衣商的一个营销
花招。
34.
publication:
出版物
35.
to counsel: =
to advise
建议
#
counsel somebody to do
something
建议
sb
做
sth
* She
counselled them not to accept this settlement.
她建议他们不要接受这个解决
方案。
36.
department
store:
百货公司
37.
stepping
stone:
垫脚石
38.
infant wear:
婴儿装
39. to evolve
into:
发展成
40. a
broadly accepted developmental stage:
普遍被接受的发展阶段
41. to
split into:
分成
42. ever-tinier category:
更加细化的类别
43. sure-
fire way
：
一定能成功的方法
44. to
boost profit:
促进
/
提高利润
segment:
分割，划分
46. to
magnify:
放大，
扩大
= to amplify
47. previously:
从前，
之前
Trade publications counseled department
stores that, in order to increase sales, they
should create a “third
stepping stone
” between
infant wea
r and older kids‟
clothes. It
was only after “toddler”
became a common shoppers‟ term that it
evolved into a
broadly
accepted developmental stage. Splitting kids, or
adults, into ever-tinier
categories has
proved a sure-fire way to boost profits. And one
of the easiest ways to
segment a market
is to magnify gender differences----or invent them
where they did
not previously exist.
当时商业刊物给百货商场建议：
要增加销售额，
就应在婴
儿装与大童装之间创造一个
“
第三块踏脚石
”
。
所以是在
Tod
dler
成为购物者的常
用术语后，
它才逐渐成为一个被广泛接受的孩子成长阶段。
事实证明，
把孩
子或成人群体做更加细致的分类是提高利润万无一失的手段。
对市场进行细分
最简单的方法之一，
就是凸显性别差异
------
或者创
造出原来没有的差异。
文章结构：
本文是一片关于商业文化如何影响人们颜色观念的文章。
第一段：提出了粉红色深受女孩喜爱这一观点。
第二段：具体阐述了为什么粉红色会与女孩如此密不可分，
从历史的演变和粉
12
红色本身的象征意义方面进行分析。
第三段：从制造商的市场策略对人们观念的影响方面论述了粉红色流行的原因。
第四段：
进一步就市场策略方面提出建议，
要
想赢得市场就要凸显性别差异或
创造差异。
试题分析：
saying “it is … the
rainbow” (Line3, Para.1), the author means
pink____.
[A]should not be
the sole representation of girlhood
[B]should not be ass
ociated
with girls‟ innocence
[C]cannot explain girls‟ lack of
imagination
[D]cannot
influence girls‟ lives and interests
根据信号词
it is
such....the rainbow
，
回文定位到第
1
段第
2
句
It is
not that
pink is
intrinsically bad, but it is such a tiny slice of
the rainbow and, though it may
celebrate girlhood in one
way
,
，
注意到逻辑性表达词
not that
和
though
更引起关
注，
因为这是题眼，
答案为（
A
）
27. According
to paragraph 2, which of the following is true of
colors?
[A] Colors are encoded in
girls‟ DNA.
[B] Blue used to
be regarded as the color for girls.
[C]
Pink used to be a neutral color in symbolizing
genders.
[D] White is preferred by
babies.
回文定位到第二段第五句，
发现
（
B
）
< br>
项
the color for girls
是
symbolized
feminity
的同义转述，
答案为（
B
）
28. The author suggests
that our perception of children‟s psychological
de
velopment
was much
influenced by_____.
[A]the marketing of
products for children
[B]the
observation of children‟s nature
[C]researches into children‟s
behaviour
[D]studies of
childhood consumption
回文定位到第三段首句
I had not realized
how profoundly marketing trends dictated
our perception of what is natural to
kids, including our core beliefs about their
psychological
development
，
注意到
had not realized
是
the author
suggests
的同
义转述，
dictated= influenced,
our core beliefs about= our perception
of...
答案为
（
A
）
29. We may learn from paragraph 4 that
department stores were advised to____.
[A]focus on infant wear and older kids‟
clothes
[B]attach equal
importance to different genders
13