小升初英语 语法精讲 练习及答案

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2021年02月08日 15:26
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红虫有毒吗-

2021年2月8日发(作者:最后的晚餐)




第一章



第二章



第三章



第四章



第五章



第六章



第七章





名词(名词的数



名词的格


)


代词



(


人称代词



物主代词


)


冠词





数词



一般现在时态



现在进行时态



句型



(陈述句



疑问句



祈使句



There be


句型与


have has




总结考试



第一章



名词




Noun




名词的概念



在生活中,我们会接触到 各种各样的人和事物,用来表示这些人或事物名称的词就是名词。




一、名词的数


名词的数指名词的单数和复数形式。


可数名词表示



一个



时用单数,



两个以上



时用复数;


不可数名词表示


量时,通常用



数词


+


单位


+of+


物质名词



的形式,如



a piece of bread (


一片面包


)




变为复数时,只须将 单


位名词变为复数,



如:


two pieces of bread(


两片面包


)




*


名词复数的构成法则



1.


一般情况下在词尾加


s.















词尾读音



shop --- shops (


商店


)


















在清辅音后读



[ s ]


bag --- bags (


书包


)




















在浊辅音后读



[ z ]


window --- windows (


窗户


)













在元音后读



[ z ]


2.




s, x, sh, ch


结尾的单词在词尾加


es




class --- classes (


班级


)

















词尾读音


[ iz ]


box --- boxes (


盒子


)





match --- matches (


比赛


)


brush --- brushes (


刷子


)


3.




辅音字母



+y”


结尾的词,




y




i



es.



story --- stories (


故事


)










词尾读音


[ iz ]


4.




元音字母



+y”


结尾的词,在词尾直接加



s



key --- keys



















词尾读音


[ z ]



monkey --- monkeys


5.




“o”


结尾的名词,



复数一般在词尾加


“s”,


但个别加



“es”




tomato --- tomatoes (


西红柿


)






词尾读音


[ z ]


potato --- potatoes (


土豆


)




zoo --- zoos (


动物园


)



photo --- photos (


照片


)


*


(以



“o”


结尾,复数加



“es”


)口诀





黑人


(Negro)


英雄


(hero)


,左手拿着西红柿

< br>(tomato)


,右手拿着破土豆


(potato)< /p>




头顶一个大芒果(

< br>mango





6.




f




fe


结尾的词,多数变


f




fe




ves.




leaf --- leaves (


树叶


)











词尾读音


[ vz ]



knife --- knives (


小刀


)



*


(以


f



fe


结尾的单词,需把


f



fe



ves


的单词)口诀 :



妻子(


wife

< br>)持刀(


knife


)去宰狼(


wolf



,小偷(


thief


)吓得发了慌,躲在架下(


shelf


)保己 命,半


(half)


片树叶(


leaf


)遮目光。



*


(以


f



fe


结尾的单词,直接加



“s”


的单词 )口诀




长颈鹿

(giraffe)


站在屋檐


(roof)


下,左手拿着手绢


(handkerchief)


,右 手拿着高尔夫球


(golf)




例:



roof --- roofs (


屋顶


)


7.


不规则名词复数的变化



man --- men (


男人


)









tooth ---teeth (


牙齿


)


child --- children (


儿童


)





mouse --- mice(


老鼠


)


foot --- feet (



)












woman --- women (


女人


)


8.


名词单复数形式一样




sheep --- sheep (


绵羊


)









deer --- deer


(鹿)




English --- English


(英国人)



Chinese --- Chinese


(中国人)





*


(不规则名词变复数)口诀:



男人,女人


a



e




鹅,足,牙齿

oo



ee



其实老鼠也好记


ous



ic




孩子加上< /p>


ren


,鱼鹿绵羊不用记。



二、名词所有格的构成法




1.


主要是在词尾加


’ s


构成。如


:






This is Tom’s desk .




这是汤姆的书桌。







That


is Mike’s book.



那是迈克的书。




2.


如果原名词已经有复数词尾


s ,


则仅加一个


’ .



:


the teachers’ reading room




教师阅览室



the pupils’ pencil


-boxes







学生们的文具盒



3.


如果原词是复数形式,但不是以


s


结尾,



变为所有格形式需在后面加上


’ s


。如:






the children’s palace




少年宫






men’s room











男厕所



*


名词所有格口诀:



名词所有格,


s


前面加一撇



,复数


s


放在尾,后加一撇就完结,两 人共有算一个,后面只加一个撇。






名词练习题



一、写出下列名词的复数形式



er ____________



____________





______________


_____________




_____________ ______________


_____________ _____________








________


______________




_____________ ____________


_____________




____________




______________


______________ ______________




18. life ______________


19. story _____________



_____________




21. baby _____________


_____________ fly _____________24. deer _____________


_____________



_____________ _____________


28. English



____________ ____________30. man



_____________


二、汉译英



1



Tom


的足球



_________________






2.< /p>


教师节


_________________


3


.学生们的课桌



_________________




4.


哥哥的文具盒

< br>_________________


5


.姑姑的卡片



_________________






6.< /p>


儿童节


_______________


7


.蚂蚁们的早餐



_________________




8.


妈妈的包


_________________


9


.姐姐的连衣裙< /p>


_________________





10


女孩 们的苹果


_________________


三、把下列句子翻译成英文



1


.这些




Peter


的篮球吗?



___________ _____________________________


2


.这个是老师的钢笔吗?



___________________________________________


3


.有一些书在


Sam


的课桌上。


______________________________ __________


4


.有一些孩子们在教室里。


___________________________________________


四、改错



(圈出错处,在横线上改正过来)



are some butterflys on the table.



________________________


is Alice dress. ______________________


3.I like tomato very much. __________________


五、将下列句子变成复数形式。



1



This dog is brown.


________________________________ ___________________


2. There is a book and a pen on the table.


_______________ ____________________________________


woman is a teacher.


___________________ ________________________________






能力测试卷



(名词)



一、将下列名词变成复数形式。

















tree



















lesson


month















apple

















shirt


2. box
















bus



















brush




watch














class


















fox
















life




















leaf



Wife
















thief


















boy


















monkey


baby















country
















story
















radio


















piano



tomato














hero


6. child















tooth


















man





Sheep














English















Chinese


二、判断正误,并改正错句,正确的打




√ ‖



1



The house is my brother. ________________________


2. He has visited many country. ______________________


3. They are Englishs. ______________________________


4. This is Tom red bike. ____________________________


三、选择填空



1



There are two ______ in the room.



A. Chineses














B. Englishman


old man will have ___________ out.



A. two tooths













B. two teeth


3. ____________ are sold in this bookstore.



A. Children’s books







B. Children books



4. Some friends of _________ will come here.



A. John’s















B. John





5. Can you give me ______________?


A. some papers











B. a piece of paper


are



______________ on the floor.


A. some box














B. some boxes


四、将下列句子变成复数形式。



1



This sheep is white.


________________________________ ___________________


2. There is a desk and a chair in the room.


______________ _____________________________________


man is a doctor.


______________________ _____________________________



第二章



代词



一、人称代词



1

.人称代词即表示



你、我、他、你们、我们、他们



等的词,它的人称、数和格的变化


见下表:






人称



主格



宾格



单数



第一人称



I


me


第二人称



you


you


第三人称



he


him


she


her


it


it


复数



第一人称



We


us


第二人称



you


you


第三人称



they


them


主格与宾格:


< p>
人称代词有主格和宾格两种形式。主格主要用来做句子的主语;宾格主要用作宾语。



人称代词主格用在句首作主语。


She is sitting in a bus.


她正坐在公共汽车上。





人称代词宾格在动词后作宾语。


This pen is bad.I can’t write with it.


这支钢笔不好,我没法用它写字。



2.


人称代词的排列顺序



人称代词并列使用时,通常以下列顺序出现,请熟悉并记忆。



1




单数代词:


you and I; you and he he and I you ,he and I


2




复数代词:


we and they we and you you and they; we, you and they


3




第三人称单数代词:


he and she

< br>*


人称代词排序口诀:


人称代词并列观,注意顺序礼貌见 ;



单数人称二、三、一,复数人称一、二、三;



麻烦事情





站前,其他人称没意见;



两性并用为三单,男先女后是习惯。



二、物主代词



物主代词是表示所有关 系的代词,分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。









第一人称



第二人称



第三人称





单数



复数



单数



复数



单数



复数



类别







形容词性



my


our


your


your


his,her,its


their


名词性



mine


our


yours


yours


his,hers,its


theirs


名词性物主代词



=


形容词性物主代词



+


名词




例,


Whose coat is this?


这是谁的上衣


?


It’s


hers.


是她的。




hers= her coat


*


关于物主代词的口诀:


< p>
物主代词很重要,译成汉语都有





,后面必须加上物,否则就要犯错误,



my



your



his



her



its



our



their


不放过。



形容词性是基础,除了我的



―min e‖


外,其他词尾


―s‖


< p>



形物代能力差,出门常把名词加;名物代能力 强,常来独去又独往。




三、反身代词



反身代词也叫



自身代词



,表示< /p>


―**


自己















人称



第一人称



第二人称



第三人称



单数



myself


yourself


himself, herself


复数



ourselves


yourselves


themselves


I can do it by myself.


我自己能做这件事。



*


反身代词的构成规律记忆口诀:


< /p>


反身代词有规律,第三人称宾格加,其余开头用物主,复数


-ve s



-f



四、指示代词



This (


这个


)------- these (


这些


)



指近处的事物



That (


那个


)------- these (


那些


)



指远处的事物



例,


This is a book.


这是本书。








These are some books.


这些是书。







That is a car.



那是辆小汽车。





Those are some cars.



那些是小汽车。





代词练习题



一、



根据题意,用所给词的适当形式填空。



1.



Mary is a friend of ______________. ( I )


2.



This is ________ ( she ) ruler. ________ ( I ) is in the bag.



3.



Her brother is too young to look after _________ ( he )


4.



This is _________ ( I ) book. This book is _________ ( I ).


5.



These pens are _________ ( we ).








二、填写下列表格。



人称代词





我们



你,你们









他们































形容词性物主代词










名词性物主代词










反身代词










三、改写下列句子



Eg, This is my book. ------ The book is mine.


1.



That is her ruler.






_________________________________


2.



These are their footballs.



__________________________________


3.



This is my backpack .




____________________________________


4.



Those are your boxes.



____________________________________


四、把下列句子改写成复数。



1. This is a butterfly. ____________________________________________


2. That is a bus. ________________________________________________


3. It is a mouse. ________________________________________________


五、改错。



is mine lamp. ___________________________________________


are ours books.____________________________________________


3. That are their teacher. ___________________________________________


house is my brother. ________________________


5. He has visited many country. ______________________


6. They are Chineses. ______________________________


7. This is Tom red bike. ____________________________




能力测试卷



(代词)



一、帮下面的好朋友团圆



(连线)




I





























its


























我们



her


























他(她,它)们



we




























they

























你的



their

























他(她,它)们



your

























她的



she


























它的



二、填空



1



She’s a teacher . This is _________ bag.



2. He’s a driver. This is ___________ taxi.



3. I am a boy . __________ name is Peter.


4. --


What’s __________ name?





-- My name is Tony.


5. It’s my puppy. ______ name is Mimi.



三、选择



(




) book is not so old as _________.








A. him





B. he





C. his




D. she


(




) 2. _____ book is it ? It’s ____


____.








A. Whose…her




B. Whose… hers





C. Who…hers




D. Whom… her



(




) 3. He is a friend of ________.


A. our





B. us





C. my




D. mine


四、改错



1. I, you and he are all teachers.





___________________________ ___________________________


2. This is mine teddy bear.





___________________________ ___________________________


3. These are ours bags.


________________________ ______________________________


4. These is their teachers.


____________________ __________________________________




第三章



数词和冠词



一、数词



表示数目和顺序的词叫数词 。数词又分基数词和序数词,基数词表示数量,序数词表示顺序。



1




最基本的基数词如下表所示:



1~10


11~19


20~100


1



one


11



eleven



2



two


12



twelve


20



twenty


3



three


13



thirteen


30



thirty


4



four


14



fourteen


40



forty


5



five


15



fifteen


50



fifty


6



six


16



sixteen


60



sixty


7



seven


17



seventeen


70



seventy


8



eight


18



eighteen


80



eighty


9



nine


19



nineteen


90



ninety


10



ten



100



one hundred


*


基数词的写法



21~99


的两位数,十位与个位之间用连字符



-





例:


21 twenty - one






32 thirty - two




99 ninety



nine


百位数:个位数基数词形式加


―hundred‖


,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上


and




例:


101



a hundred and one.




320 three hundred and twenty




648six hundred and forty-eight


2


.序数词的构成


< br>1


)一般来说,是由相应的基数词加词尾


th

< p>
构成。例,






four+ th--- fourth










six + th --- sixth




seven + th --- seventh






ten + th --- tenth


2

< br>)下面这些基数词在变为序数词时,有特殊的变化。例,






one --- first






two --- second





three --- third




five--- fifth




eight --- eighth




nine --- ninth






twelve --- twelfth

< br>3


)十位整数序数词的构成方法是将基数词的词


y


变成


i


,然后在加


eth.


例,





twenty --- twentieth










thirty --- thirtieth





forty --- fortieth













ninety --- ninetieth


4




两位或 两位以上的基数词变为序数词时,仅将个位数变成序数词。例,



twenty



one ------ twenty- first



thirty-five ------thirty-fifth


a hundred and fifty-three ------- a hundred and fifty- third



*


基数词变序数词的口诀:



基变序,有规律;词尾加上


th



fourth, sixth




一、二、三,单独记;结尾字母


t, d, d




first


< p>
second



third




八去


t,


九去


e,



eighth

< p>


ninth




ve


要用


f


替;



fifth



t welfth




整十基数变序数,< /p>


ty



y


变成< /p>


i th


前面有个


e




要是遇到几十几,前用基来后用序。



二、冠词






冠词分不定冠词和定冠词两种。


< /p>


a



an


是不定 冠词,


the


是定冠词。


a

< p>
用在辅音音素之前,




a desk,


a tree an


用在元音因素之前,如



an apple, an hour, an English book.


1.



不定冠词(

a,an


)指人或事物的某一种类,表示



一个



,但不强调数量。



She is a te


acher.









That’s an orange.



2.



定冠词



the


,是特指某(些)人、某(些)物,或指说话人与听话人 彼此知道的人或物,或者是在上


文提到过的人和事。



This is a bus.











The bus is big.


3.



不用冠词的情况:





1




专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词前一般不用冠词。如,








Chinese, English, Jim


等。



2




名词前已经有


this, that, my, your


等词时,就不再用冠词了。如,



that mouse (


那只老鼠


)






3)


一些固定词组前不用定冠词。如,








at home


在家





go to school



去上学



*


定冠词


the


的用法记忆口诀:



特指、重提和唯一,岛屿、海峡和海湾;



海洋、党派、最高级,沙漠、河流与群山;



方位、顺序和乐器,年代、团体与机关;



船名、建筑和组织,会议、条约与报刊;


姓氏复数、国全名,记住定冠


the


加在前。



*


零冠词用法口诀:



月份、星期、节假洲,呼语、头衔职务前;



三餐、球类、惯用语,学科、棋类名词前。




冠词和数词专项练习



一、在空白处填上适当的冠词,不需要的填


―/‖




1) at ____home










2) go to_____ bed






3) go to _____school




4) catch



______ bad cold



5) have _____ good time



6) ______red apple




7)_____ English book




8) ______ spoon



9)_____



orange




10) ______melon









11) _______ eraser


二、选择填空



is


_____ ―m‖ in the word ―primary‖



A.



an





B.a








D./


is ____ orange bike .


A.a














D/


always takes us half _____ hour to have ____ long walk after supper .


A.a,a







B,a ,the




, a





, the



h is ____ useful language in ____ world .


, the




B.a , the




, /





D./ , the



are going to _____ cinema this evening .









B./








C/a










’s standing on _____ other side of _____ river .



A.a , a







, the






, a




D.a , the



7._____ potato is a vegetable , not ____ fruit .


, an





, a





C.A, the




, /



was _____ first to come .






B.a










D./


you see ____ book on _____ table ?


, a




B.a, an




, an




D.a , the



10.


Where’s _____ desk ? It’s in ____ middle of the room .



A./ , /






B./ , a



C.a , /




, the



is _____ friend of mine .







B./







D.a



is ____ university near the farm .


A.a



















D./


died in ____ autumn of 1989 .


A./









C.a






14.I have ____ book . I t’ s _____ interesting one . I like reading ____ books very much .



A.a, an ,/




B.a , / , the





, an , the





D./ , an , /



is _____ Children’s Day .



A.a



















D/



is _____ bag . That is ____ eraser .


A.a, a






B.a , an






, a





D. an , an



四、用代词填空


:




1._____ , _____ and ____ are all good friends .


, you , they



, they , we



, they , you



, you , we



2.____ classroom is big , but ____ is much bigger than _____ .


, they , us



, their , our



, theirs , ours



, theirs , we



lost ____ pen . Will you lend her ____ ?


, yours





, your





, you





, yourself



4. ―What are



you doing ?‖



―I am looking at _____ in the mirror ?‖



















f



5.____ , ____ and _____ all enjoy music .


, you , I





B.I , she , you





, she , I





D.I , you , she




能力测试卷(冠词和数词)



一、写出相邻的数词



1.












twenty
















2.












five














3.












twelve
















4.












fifty-eight














5.












ninety
















6.












seventy













7.












thirty-eight












8.












one hundred













9.












one thousand













10.












one














二、选择正确答案



are













days in a year.


A. three hundreds sixty-five






B. three hundreds and sixty-five


C. three hundred and sixty-five




D. three hundred and sixty five


are













students in this school.


A. eight hundreds and forty-six





B. eight hundred and forty six


C. eight hundred and forty-six






D. eight hundred forty-six


brother is in












.


A. Three Class, One Grade







B. Class Three, Grade One


C. Grade One, Class Three







D. class three, grade one


was doing some washing












.


A. at eight yesterday morning








B. yesterday morning eight


C. yesterday morning at eight








D. by eight yesterday morning


are














months in a year. December is the














month of the year.


A. twelve; twelve





B. twelve; twelfth




C. twelfth; twelve





D. twelve; twelveth


is the













day of the week.


A. seventh







B. first






C. second






D. third


is














season in a year.


A. the fourth






B. the third






C. a third






D. third


was













to get to school and I was












.


A. first; ninth





B. the first; the ninth




C. a first; a ninth




D. the second; the ninth


’s the date



today?



It’s












.


A. Friday






B. time to go






C. cloudy







D. June 4


th



is the second day, and












.


A. Tuesday is the fourth









B. Thursday is the fifth


C. the second is Tuesday








D. the second is Thursday





第四章




一般现在时态



一、一般现在时的定义



一般现在时是 表示现在经常反复发生的动作,存在的状态或习惯性的动作的时态。



二、一般现在时的结构



一般现在时用 行为动词的原形,


但第三人称单数作主语时,


动词的词尾要加< /p>


-s



- es



现在以连系动词


be


和行为动词


read


为例,对一般现在时的肯定 句、否定句、疑问句及其简略答语的构成以表格形式加


以说明:



动词



肯定句



否定句






be


read



I am …



You/We/They are …



He/She/It is ...


I/We/You/They read…



He/She/It reads …



I am not …



You/We/They are not …



He/She/It is not …



I/We/You/They/ do not read …



He/She/It does not read …



疑问句



简略答语(肯定)



简略答语(否定)



Am I …?



Yes , you are.


No, you are not.


Are you …?



Yes, I am/we are.


No, I am/we are not.


Are


we …?



Yes, we/you are.


No, we/ you are not.


Are they …?



Yes, they are.


No, they are not.


Is he…?



Yes, he is.


No, he is not.


Is she …?



Yes, she is.


No, she is not.


Is it …?



Yes, it is.


No, it is not.



Do


I


/


we


/


they



Yes, you


/ we / they


No,


you


/


we


/


they


do


read


read …?



do.


not.


Does


he


/


she


/


it


Yes,


he


/


she


/


it


No, he / she / it does not.


read … ?



does.






连系动词


be


的各种形式常与代词或


not


缩写成一个词。助动词


do



does


一般只有与


not


缩写。联


系动词


be


缩写形式如下



肯定



缩写



否定



缩写



I am


I’m



I am not


I’m not



You are


You’re



You are not


You’re not /You aren’t



He is


He’s



He is not


He’s not /He isn’t



She is


She’s



She is not


She’s not /She isn’t



It is


It’s



It is not


It’s not / It isn’t



We are


We’re



We are not


We’re not / We aren’t



They are


They’re



They are not


They’re not / They aren’t







动词


do not


的缩写形式为


don’t


,< /p>


does not


的缩写形式为


doe sn’t




二、



动词加


-s



-es


(动词第三人称单数)



当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词需加


-s



-es


1




一般在词尾加




s


例:


w ork



works





leave --- leaves





swim --- swims


2




以字母


s



x



ch



sh


或< /p>


o


结尾的词加


-es


例:


pass--- passes





fix ---fixes




teach --- teaches



do--- does



3




以辅音字母加


y


结尾的词,先变

< p>
y



i


再加


-es


例:


study --- studies



carry --- carries



fly --- flies



cry --- cries


三、



一般现在时的用法



1




表示经 常或习惯性的动作。常与


often


(经常)

< br>, always


(总是)


, sometimes


(有时)


, every day


(每天)


, on Sundays/Mondays


等表示频度的时间状语连用。



一般现在时的时间状语有:


today, often, sometimes, always, usually, every day ( week, month,


year,…) , this year, once a week ( month, year,…)


一周(月,年)一次



例句:


I get up at 6 o’clock every day.









He often goes to school by bike.


2




表示客观事实,普遍真理。



例句:


Two and two are four.


二加二等于四。



The earth moves around the sun.


地球绕着太阳转。





一般现在时态专项练习




一、



写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式



post


like


ride


study


eat


visit


have


watch


stop


pass


give


fly



动词






be



jump


rise


write


teach


go


read


swim


do


二、



单项选择



(



)1._____ you have a book ?


A Do








B. Are









C. Is







D. Have


(



) Li Lei like to watch TV?







______________.







A. Y


es, he like.













B. No, he doesn’t.








C. Yes, he’d like.












D. No, he likes.




(



) doesn’t ______ her homework in the afternoon.









A. doing





B. to do






C. does







D. do



(



) ____ Mr. Smith ______ to England?








A. do, go





B. is , go






C. does, go





D. does , goes



(



)5. _____ she ______ home at six every day?








A. Is , leave




B. Does , leave



C. Is , leaves



D. Does , left


三、



用下列动词的适当形式填空



1.I ______ ( get ) up at 6 o’clock every day.



father ______ (have) a lovely dog.


______ (go ) to school on foot.


______ (do ) not like watching TV.


______ (play) football every Sunday afternoon.


四、



按要求完成下列各题



ow is Saturday.(


变成一般疑问句


)




_________ ________ Saturday ?


he play basketball every weekend? (


肯定回答


)




Yes, ______




_______.


looks like her sister.(


变一般疑问句


)


_____ she ______ like her sister ?


and Sam look the same.(


一般疑问句


)




______ they _____ the same ?


they always go to the movie (


电影院


) on Sundays ? (


否定回答


)




No, _______




_______.


五、英汉互译



1.



Tom


经常放学后(


after school


)踢足球。



__________________________________


2.



我喜欢唱歌。



__________________________________


3.



He often goes to school on foot.


__________________________________


4.



Children like to play this game.


__________________________________


5.



今天是星期日。



__________________________________




能力测试卷



(一般现在时)



一、



写出下列动词的第三人称单数形式



go


stop


write


buy


have


do


fly


give


swim


ride


play


watch


study


cry


read


work


rise


go


come


carry


二、



用动词的适当形式填空



1.



He _______ (go) to school on foot.


2.



She _______ not like watching TV. (do)


3.



My father _______ (have) a lovely dog.


红虫有毒吗-


红虫有毒吗-


红虫有毒吗-


红虫有毒吗-


红虫有毒吗-


红虫有毒吗-


红虫有毒吗-


红虫有毒吗-