小学英语方位的表达方式

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2021年02月09日 09:45
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2021年2月9日发(作者:高考2017)


方位的表达方式



第一节




交通工具及




规则






一、介词规则





(一)


by


条款:骑车、乘


(



)


车、乘船、乘飞机可以使用介词


by






1



by


后 跟



光棍



名词, 即名词不加任何修饰。如:


by


bike/bus/car/ train/ship/boat/plane







如:


She is going to the Great Wall (


长城


) by car/ bus.




2



by ship


可用


by sea


表示


;by plane


可以用


by air


表示。如:





a. How long does it take by ship/sea? b. They often come back by plane/air.




(二)


i n/on


条款:步行、骑车、乘车、乘船、乘飞机可以使用介词


in/on






1.


步行只可用


on


foot



(


注意:步行不用


by


foot)


如:


Sometimes


I


go


to


school


on


foot.




2.


骑自行车须用介词


on



on a/ one's bike






3.


乘车、乘船、乘飞机可用


in


也可用


on



in/ on a bus/train/ship/boat/plane






4.


乘坐小汽车应使用


in a car


,不用


on a car






条款说明


(



)




1.


名词



短 语,多可以用


in/on


短语替换来表示


骑、乘



之意。如:





a. His father goes to work by bike.



→His father goes to work on a bike.





b.


They


go


to


the


railway


station


(


火车站


)


by


car.



→They


go


to


the


railway



station


in a car.




2. by sea



by air


是一种比较随便的口语结构,故不宜用


in

< br>短语和


on


短语进行改


写。即:





by sea


不可用


in/on the sea


替换;


by air


不可用


in/on the air


替换。





二、动词规则





以上出行活动皆可以选择性地用动词


walk, ride, take, drive


来表示。





1.


步行用


walk (to)


。如:


She walks home every day.




2.


骑车用


ride a bike


。如:


Can you ride a bike to go there?




3.


乘车用


take a bus/train


。如:


I will take a bus/train to go to Beijing.




4.


乘飞机用


fly


(to


)



take


a


plane


。如:


We


are


flying


to


England


next


week.




5.



(



)


小汽车用


drive a car


。如:


They will drive a car to go to the USA.



< br>条款说明


(



)




动词规则不能与介词规则相结合使用,尤其是动词


walk, fly


。如:





She walks home on foot every day. (×)





a. She goes home on foot every day. (√)





b. She walks home every day. (√)





He will soon fly to London by plane/air. (×)





a. He will soon fly to London. (√)





b. He will soon go


to London by plane/air. (√)



第二节



英语中方位的表达方式



一、


in, to, on



off


在方位名词前的区别



1. in


表示


A

地在


B


地范围之内。如:


Taiw an is in the southeast of China.


2.


to


表示


A


地在< /p>


B


地范围之外,即二者之间有距离间隔。如:

Japan


lies


to


the


east


of China.


3. on


表示


A< /p>


地与


B


地接壤、毗邻。如:


North Korea is on the east of China.


4.


off


表示“离„„一些距离或 离„„不远的海上”。如:


New


Zealand


lies


off


the


eastern coast of Australia.


二、



汉语里“东南西北”的先后顺序 到英语里就变成了


north



sou th



east


west



并由此有了下列中、英文表达上的差异。



东南方:


southeast


西南方:


southwest


西北方:


northwest


东北方:


northeast


如 :十三陵位于北京西北


50


公里处。


T he


Ming


Tombs


are


located


about


50


km


to


the


northwest


of


Beijing.


天津 位于北京东南


120


公里处。


Tiaj in is situated l20 km southeast of Beijing.


三、


near, by, beside, at


表示“在„„附近”时的区别



1. near


表示相对的近,实际距离可能还很远。如:


Suzhou is near Shanghai.


2. by

< br>和


beside


都表示靠近,实际距离不可能很远,但< /p>


beside



by

更具体地表示出


“在„„旁边”的意思。如:


He was sitting beside her.


3.


at


也有“在旁边”的意思,但多表示有目的的行为所处的位置,而


by



beside


表示位置关系。如:


The students are sitting at the desks listening to the teacher.


四、


at, in


< br>on


表示地点时的区别



1< /p>



at


表示地点:




1


)用于指较小的地方。如:


I shall wait for you at the station.



2


)用于门牌号码前。如:


He lives at 115 Zhongshan Road.

2



in


表示地点:




1


)用于指较大的地 方。如:


He lives in Shanghai.



2


)虽然是很小的地方,如果说话人住在那里,也可用


in


。商店、学校、机关等,若


看作一个地点 (


point


)用


at


,若看作一个场所(


place


)用

< br>in


。如:



I met him at the post-office.


I’m now working in the


post-office.


3



on


表示地点,一般指与面或线 接触,意为“在„„上;在„„旁”。如:


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