主谓一致语法总结新选.
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主谓一致语法总结
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安顺一中曹方平供稿
一．
就近原则：
在
not only
…
but
also, not
…
but ,
neither
…
nor ,
either
…
or , there
be
…
句型中，
谓语动词由相邻的主语来确定。
例：
only they but
also I am going to collect money for the Hope
Project.
you or Jack is about to take the place
of the manager.
二．
集合名词做主语，指成员时，谓
语用复数；指团体，组织时，谓语用单数：如：
class ,
team, group, family,
audience(
听众
), government,
company, crowd, public, enemy,
committee(
委
员会
)
等。
例：
class are
busy working on the exercises at the moment .
team was an excellent one in the 25th Olympic
Games .
三．
当两个名词用
with,
together with, as well as, rather than, more than,
but, except, besides,
along with,
including, like
等连接起来做主语时，谓语动词与前面的主语一致。
例：
,
with his parents, intends to set out for Europe on
business next week.
son, rather than his
parents, is responsible for the fire accident.(
对火灾事故负责的是
儿子而不是父母
)
四．
当
each, neither,
either
以及由
every,
any, no, some
与
one, body, thing
构成的不定代词
做主语时，谓语动词用单数。
例：
of the girls
is fond of pop music in her class.
e is expecting
you at the school gate .
但
none
做主语时谓语用单复数都行。
例：
None of them
are / is interested in local music.
另外：当
every, each,
no
做定语时，即使用
and
连接两个主语，谓语也用单数。
例：
student is
preparing for the final examination now.
boy and every girl is proud of the result of the
experiment.
teacher and no student is admitted to
enter the place .
each have an English
dictionary .(
此句中
each
做同位语，谓语由主语
they
确定
< br>)
五
.
当主语表示时间，重量，距离，价格时，谓语动词用单数。
例：
hundred dollars is quite enough for the return
voyage
(
返航
)
。
kilometers was covered in two hours .
1
/
5word.
但算式做主语时，谓语用单数，复数都可以。
例：
times five is / are twenty. ( Four times five make
/makes twenty .)
六．
当主语是一个从句，不定式或动名词时，谓语一般用单数。但由
and
连接两个不定式
或动名词时，
动词则用复数，表示不同的两件事。
例：
r he succeeds
or fails doesn't concern me .
(
他成功或失败与我无关
)
ng in the
Yangtze River needs great courage.
say something
is one thing, to do it is another.
play
basketball and to go swimming are of great use for
character-training.
另外：当
what, all
(that)
或
such
引导的句
子做主语时，谓语用单数或复数应看后面的表语
来确定
.
例：
he wants is some advice on how to learn English,
while what he looks forward to are
some
English dictionaries.
that they ask for are
vegetables, fruits , quilts and clothes .
are the things I often do in a day.
is
my best friend Mary.
七．
当一个复数名词用做书名，人名
，学科名或报刊名时，谓语用单数。
例：
er's Travels
is a novel written by Jonathan Swift
.
（
格列佛游记
）
Times is a very helpful
newspaper for our studies .
（泰晤士报）
八．
定语从句的关系代词在从句中充
当主语时，从句的谓语应与先行词保持一致。
例：
is the only
one of the students who has passed the
examination.
told us something about the houses
which were built in the 1540's / 1540s.
九．
在强
调句中，强调主语时，后面的动词还是由被强调的主语来确定。
例：
1.I am in the search for my missing
gold ring .
其强调句为：
It is I who am in the search for my
missing gold ring .
十．几种较为特殊的主语与谓语的一致。
A.
当
and
与
both
…
and
< br>…连接两个主语时，
一般用复数的谓语。
但如果由
and
并列的两个
主语是指同一人时，此时后
面一个主语没有冠词，其谓语用单数，表示一
个人具有双重身
份。若后一个名词前有冠词，则表示两个人，谓语则用复数。
例：
teacher and writer is giving the boys a very
wonderful lecture .
teacher and the singer are
talking in the hall.
2
/
5word.