英语试卷分类汇编英语阅读理解(及答案)
-
英语试卷分类汇编英语阅读理解
(
及答案
)
一、高中英语阅读理解
1
．
阅读理解
Daniella Wride was
brushing her daughter's long brown hair when she
noticed that with each
comb, masses of
the hair were coming out. That was January 1,
2017. Within 20 days, seven-year-
old
Gianessa Wride's hair was completely gone, and her
doctor said the hair would never grow
back.
Gianessa
had
become
one
of
the
6.
8
million
Americans
with
alopecia,
an
auto-immune
disease that
causes hair loss.
Alopecia isn't painful, but for kids who suffer
from it, the severe pain comes from standing out
from
the
crowd.
For
the
most
part,
the
students
in
Gianessa's
first-grade
class
in Salem,
Utah,
were understanding.
But the occasional jokes of
秃子
) made her feel like an
abandoned
child.
didn't
want
her
to
feel
that
she
wasn't
like
the
other
kids,
her
mother
said.
I
tried
covering her baldness, but the
artificial hair was uncomfortable.
Then comes the school's traditional
where
all
the
kids
and
their
parents
can
express
their
wild
sides
a
bit.
Daniella
and
Gianessa
decided that rather
than hide Gianessa's baldness under the artificial
hair, they would celebrate it.
Daniella
bought scrapbook-sticker
(
贴纸
) jewels and decorated
her head with flowered designs
and even
a deer.
On
the
morning
of
the
competition,
Gianessa
was
nervous.
Would
her
friends
think
it
was
funny?
However, with her mother's encouragement, she had
nothing to fear. Impressive Gianessa
was a hit and a winner of the crazy-
hair competition. Gianessa is now glad that she
dared to go
bare.
do things
to my head that other kids can't. I'm thinking now
it might be fun to decorate my head
with some colourful butterflies and
flowers.
（
1
）
Why
was Gianessa different from other kids?
was born bald.
suffered from hair loss.
was talented in hair
designing.
had her head
fully shaved.
（
2
）
How
did others react to Gianessa's disease?
doctor was quite
optimistic.
mother gave her
artificial hair.
classmates
were all considerate.
school offered her special help.
（
3
）
What
could Gianessa do on the
could tease others.
could
decorate her hair.
could
shop scrapbook-stickers.
could show her personality.
（
4
）
What is the
main idea of the text?
girl faced her disease in a most
beautiful way.
artificial
hair built up the girl's confidence.
competition served as a way to make a
change.
disease was cured
with mother's love and care.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（<
/p>
2
）
B
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
A
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，一个七岁的女孩
Gianessa
Wride
得了一种疾病，掉
光了头发还不可能再重新长出来，但是她终于在家人和同学
们的帮助下，勇敢地展现她的
个性，愉快地生活。
（
1
）考查
细节理解。根据第一段中的
“Within
20
days,
seven
-year-
old
Gianessa
Wride's
hair
was completely gone,
and her doctor said the hair would never grow back
.”
不到
20
天，
7
岁的
Gianessa
Wri
de
的头发就完全脱落了，医生说她的头发再也长不出来了，可知，
Gianessa
Wride
和其他孩子不一样，因为她
遭受脱发之苦。故选
B
。
（
2
）考查
细节理解。根据第二段中的
“I tried covering her
baldness, but the artificial hair was
u
ncomfortable.”
我试着盖住她的秃顶，但人造的头发不舒服
)
可知，她妈妈给
Gianessa
戴了
假发。故选
B
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“But now I love
being bald. I can do things to my head
that other kids can't. I'm thinking now
it might be fun to decorate my head with some
colourful
butterflies
and
flowers.”
但现在我喜欢秃顶。我可以做其他孩子做不到的
事情。我在想用彩
蝶和鲜花来装饰我的头可能会很有趣，可知，
Gianessa
在
“
疯狂发型日
”
能够正视自己，展
现她的个性。故选
D
。
（
4
）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的
“But now I love being bald. I can do
things to my head
that other kids
can't. I'm thinking now it might be fun to
decorate my head with some colourful
butterflies
and
f
lowers.”
但现在我喜欢秃顶。我可以做其他孩子做不到的事情。我在想用彩
蝶和鲜花来装饰我的头可能会很有趣，结合主要内容为记叙一个七岁的女孩得了一种疾
病，掉光了头发还不可能再重新长出来，但是她终于在家人和同学们的帮助下，展现她的
个性，愉快地生活。故选
A
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨
大意三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅
读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根
据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2
．
阅读理解
If
you're
a
book
lover
，
you
have
a
pile
of
books
on
your
bedside
，
or
a
bookshelf
in
your
library with a“to
read”sign on it
．
Yet you
can't stop yourself from adding to the
pile
．
This can
lead to feelings of guilt over your new
purchases
．
But I'm here to
tell you to stop worrying
．
What you have is an antilibrary
，
and it's a very good
thing
．
The term comes from
writer
Umberto
Eco
．
He
is
the
owner
of
a
large
personal
library
．
He
separates
visitors
into
two
groups
：
those who
react with“Wow! What a library you have! How many
of these books have
you read?”and the
others who get the point that a private library is
not something to show off
but a
research too1
．
Read books are
far less valuable than unread ones
．
Indeed
，
the more you
know
，
the larger
the rows of unread books
．
Let
us call this collection an
antilibrary
．
If you think you already know everything about a
subject
，
you're cutting
yourself off from a
stream
of
information
at
an
artificial
point
．
So
a
growing
library
of
books
you
haven't
read
means you're consistently curious about
the unknown
．
And that
attitude is a great foundation
for a
lifelong love of 1earning
．
So don't feel guilt over your
unread books
．
Those books
will be there for you when you do
want
them
，
and as you build your
library of read and unread
books
，
you can start using it
as
you
would
use
a
bigger
library
．
Certain
books
may
become
references
more
than
read-
through
s
．
Or
you
may
find
that
a
book
you
bought
five
years
ago
has
special
relevance
today
．
Letting the
role of books evolve in your life is a healthy
sign of curiosity
．
That's
good for
you and good for the world
around you
．
（
1
）
What does the
underlined word“antilibrary”in Paragraph 2 refer
to?
A. Feelings
of guilt over new books
．
B. A pile of books on the
bookshelf
．
C. The
collection of unread books
．
D. A large personal library
．
（
2
）
Acc
ording to the author
，
more
unread books mean________
．
A. your wrong lifelong
learning attitude
B. you
limit yourself from the unknown
C. your have no interest in the new
world
D. your strong desire
about new information
（
3
）
What's the author's
attitude towards having an antilibrary?
A.
Favorable
．
B. Doubtful
．
C. Ambiguous
．
D. Contradictory
．
（
4
）
What can we
know from the last paragraph?
A. Curiosity is a sign of
high IQ
．
B. Books are the ladder in our
life
．
C. Unread
books
are
surely
relevant
to
the
present
．
D. We
should
read
through
every
book
．
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（
2
）
D
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇议论文
。本文主要讲了收集没有阅读的书这一行为是非常好
的，收集更多未经阅读的书意味着你
对新信息的强烈渴望。
(1)
词义猜测题。由第二段
Read
books
are
far
less
valuable
than
unread
ones<
/p>
．
Indeed
，
the
more
you
know
，
the
larger
the
rows
of
unread
books
．
Let
us
call
this
collection
an
ant
ilibrary
．可知
“antilibrary”
指的是收集没有阅读的书，选
C
。
(2)
细节理解题。由第三段
So
a
growing
library
of
books
you
haven't
read
means
you're
consistently curious about the unknown<
/p>
．可知更多未经阅读的书意味着你对新信息的强烈渴
望，选
D
。
(3)
推理判断题。由最后一段
Letting
the
role
of
books
evolve
in
your
life
is
a
healthy
sign
of
curiosity
．
That's
good for you and good for the world around you
．可推知作者对于收集没有
阅读的书这一行为，持赞成态度，选
A
。
(4)
推理判断题。由最后一段
Those books will be
there for you when you do want
them
，
and
as you
build your library of read and unread
books
，
you can start using it
as you would use a
bigger
library
．
Certain
books
may
become
references
more
than
read-
throughs
．
Or
you
may
find that a book you
bought five years ago has special relevance today<
/p>
．可推知书籍是我们生活
的阶梯，选
B<
/p>
。
Noise-cancelling audio
instruments have been around for a while
now
，
but one
Berlin-
based
designer
believes
that
blocking“visual
noise”is
as
important
，
if
not
more
so
，
as
cancelling out unwanted
sounds
．
To this end he has
created a simple accessory called the Focus
Cap
【点评】议论文解题方法：
1.
把握
文章的论点、论据和论证。此外，还要把握文章的结构
和语言。
2.
互推法：在议论之后，总会再列举一些具体的例子来支持
观点或在一些例子之后，总要
抒发一些议论。考生在理解议论时，可以借助文中所给的实
例，从而在形象的例子中推理
出抽象的议论；或从议论中推理理解具体例子的深刻含义，
相互推断。
3.
推理法：推理的结
论一定是原文有这层意思，但没有明确表达的。推理要根据文章的字
面意思，通过语篇、
段落和句子之间的逻辑关系，各个信息所暗示和隐含的意义，作者的
隐含意等对文章进行
推理判断。考生要由文字的表层信息挖掘出文章的深层含义，要能透
过现象看本质。
3
．
阅读理解
Some
of
the
best
research
on
daily
experience
is
rooted
in
rates
of
positive
and
negative
interactions,
which
has
proved
that
being
blindly
positive
or
negative
can
cause
others
to
be
frustrated or annoyed or
to simply tune out.
Over
the
last
two
decades,
scientists
have
made
remarkable
predictions
simply
by
watching
people
interact
with
one
another
and
then
scoring
the
conversations
based
on
the
rate
of
positive
and negative interactions. Researchers have used
the findings to predict everything from
the
likelihood
that
a
couple
will
divorce
to
the
chances
of
a
work
team
with
high
customer
satisfaction and
productivity levels.
More
recent
research
helps
explain
why
these
brief
exchanges
matter
so
much.
When
you
experience
negative
emotions
as
a
result
of
criticism
or
rejection,
for
example,
your
body
produces
higher
levels
of
the
stress
hormone,
which
shuts
down
much
of
your
thinking
and
activates
(
激活
) conflict and defense
mechanisms (
机制
). You assume
that situations are worse
than they
actually are.
When
you
experience
a
positive
interaction,
it
activates
a
very
different
response.
Positive
exchanges increase your body's
production of oxytocin, a feel-good that increases
your ability to
communicate with,
cooperate with and trust others. But the effects
of a positive occurrence are
less
dramatic and lasting than they are for a negative
one.
We need at least
three to five positive interactions to outweigh
every one negative exchange.
Bad
moments
simply
outweigh
good
ones.
Whether
you're
having
a
conversation,
keep
this
simple short cut in
mind: At least 80 percent of your conversations
should be focused on what's
going
right.
Workplaces,
for
example,
often
see
this.
During
performance
reviews,
managers
routinely
spend 80 percent of their time on
weaknesses and “areas for improvement”. They spend
roughly
20 percent of the time on
strengths and positive aspects. Any time you have
discussions with a
person or group,
spend the vast majority of the time talking about
what is working, and use the
remaining
time to address weaknesses.
（
1
）
The
underlined phrase “tune out” in Paragraph 1
probably means
A. stop listening
B. change one's mind
C. sing aloud
D. be crazy
（
2
）
What will happen if
you experience negative emotions?
A. The situations are sure
to become worse.
B. Much of
your thinking will be prevented.
C. You
will
feel
an
urge
to
improve
and
become
better.
D. You'll
be
motivated
to
resolve
conflicts with
people.
（
3
）
From Paragraph 4, we can learn
that
A.
we
need
a
positive
feeling
to
beat
one
negative
feeling
B. positive
interactions
have
greater effects than
negative ones
C. our
conversation
should
center
on
what
needs
improvement
D. the
effect
of
negative
feelings lasts
longer than that of positive ones
（
4
）
What is
the best title for the passage?
A. Harmful Negatives
B. More Positive
Interactions
C. How to Be a
Productive Manager D. Less Time
on Strengths and Positive Aspects
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）
B
（
< br>3
）
D
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是说明文。主
要讲述通过一些关于日常经验的研究证明，当你因为
批评或遭到拒绝而经历负面情绪时，
你的身体会产生较高水平的应激激素，它关闭了你的
思维，激活冲突和防御的机制。而当
你体验到积极的互动时，积极的交流会增加你与他人
沟通、合作和信任的能力。但是积极
的影响不如消极的影响更持久，它需要三到五个积极
的互动才能去掉一个负面互动。这给
我们一个启示，在谈话时尽可能多的积极互动，才会
调动人的积极性。
< br>
（
1
）考查猜测词义题。根据
第一段中的内容可知，一些关于日常经验的最好研究是建立在
积极和消极互动率的基础上
的，这证明了盲目的积极或消极会使其他人感到沮丧或烦恼，
或者干脆把不理睬。分析选
项的内容可知
A
项符合题意。
（
2
）考查细节理解题。根据第三段中的中间
部分
“Whe
n
you
experience
negative
emotions
as a result of
criticism or rejection, for example, your body
produces higher levels of the stress
hormone, which shuts down much of your
thinking and activates
（激活）
conflict and defense
mechanisms
（机制）
.”
可知，你经历负面情绪
时，你的身体会产生较高水平的应激激素，
它关闭了你的思维机制和激活你的防御机制。
由此可判断
B
项是正确的。
（
3
）考查细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句<
/p>
“But the effects of a positive
occurrence are less
dramatic and
lasting than they are for a negative one.”
< br>可知，积极面事件的影响不如消极的影
响更持久。由此判断出
D
项正确。
（
< br>4
）考查主旨大意题。通读全文可知，一些关于日常经验的研究证明，当你因为批
评或遭
到拒绝而经历负面情绪时，你的身体会产生较高水平的应激激素，它关闭了你的思
维，激
活冲突和防御的机制。而当你体验到积极的互动时，
<
/p>
积极的交流会增加你与他人沟通、合
作和信任的能力。但是积极的
影响不如消极的影响更持久，它需要三到五个积极的互动才
能去掉一个负面互动。这给我
们一个启示，在谈话时尽可能多的积极互动，才会调动人的
积极性。分析选项可知
B
项正确。
【点评
】科普文客观题的解题方法
1.“
找
”
。读完材料，审完题干
(
题干不可不审
清
)
，可根据
题干确定选项的大致范围
，开始找与选项相对应的句子，然后再进行合理的想象、推理及
判断。有时候选项的语句
散见于文章的各处，也一定找准原句。
2.“
比
”
。比较时重在关注意
思、关注逻辑关系。有时需要统
观全篇，不能只盯住一处。
3.“
判断
”
。推断时，切不可只凭
主观臆断，一定要找到确切的根据，找
到合理的解释。
4
．
阅读理解
When a dog looks at you with big
puppy-dog eyes, it's hard for you to go away, and
you may
speak out “Awww” without
hesitation. However, there's a
reason
why you find a dogs stare so
attractive.
That
sweet
stare
actually
causes
the
release
of
a
particular
hormone,
or
chemical
messenger
in
the
body.
This
hormone
creates feelings of
affection
in
humans.
The
same
thing
happens to dogs when
people look back at them. Scientists believe this
helps people and their
four-legged
friends
bond,
or
feel
connected.
Scientists
have
wondered
what
causes
dogs
to
lovingly stare at their owners. To find
out, a team of researchers from Azabu University
in Japan
studied 30 owners and their
dogs.
The researchers
found that after the pets and their owners spent
half an hour together, both
showed a
rise in oxytocin (
催产素
). One
key role of this hormone in many animals is to
promote
bonding,
like
that
between
a
mother
and
newborn.
The
increase
of
oxytocin
didn't
happen,
though, when
scientists repeated the experiment with wolves and
the humans who had raised
them.
A
second experiment also found that if dogs were
given oxytocin, they looked at their owners
longer. Scientists aren't sure exactly
why, but this reaction occurred only with female
dogs. Their
owners oxytocin levels also
rose as a result.
The
result of these experiments might help answer an
age-old question: How did the fearsome
wolf ancestor of modern dogs turn into
man's best friend? Takefumi Kikusui, an animal
scientist
who worked on the study,
thinks that the change happened when dogs first
became domestic
(
驯
养的
).
According
to
Kikusui,
there
may
have
been
a
small
group
of
wild
dogs
that
were
naturally
friendlier.
“Humans are very sensitive to eye contact. By
using this special communication tool,
the dogs are able to win over our
hearts. If they are more likely to make eye
contact, it would be
easier for them to
bond with dog owners,” Kikusui said.
（
1
）
A
ccording to Paragraph 1, people say “Awww”
to
.
A. make the dog stare at them
B. express their love for the dogs
C. draw the dogs' attention away
D. warn the dogs not to approach
them
（
2
）
According to the passage, oxytocin
can .
A.
reduce animals pain of giving birth
B. motivate animals desires to protect
others
C. help
animals
to
develop
a
better
relationship
D.
enable
animals
to
survive
more
easily
from
dangers
（
3
）
The
underlined words the change in Paragraph 4 refer
to that .
A. dogs became friends with humans
B. wolves begin to bond with humans
C. dogs and wolves are best friends
D. dogs were domesticated by
humans
（
4
< br>）
What's the purpose of the passage?
A. To call on humans to be
friendly to dogs.
B. To give
advice on how to get along with dogs.
C. To introduce the evolution process
of wild dogs.
D. To explain
why humans and dogs are
connected.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
C
（
3
< br>）
A
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文为应用文。本
文主要叙述科学家解开了狗与人类的关系为何演变成
今日如此这般和谐的原因之谜。
（
1
）推理判断
题。第一段开头
When a dog looks at you with big
puppy-dog eyes, it's hard for
you to go
away, and you may speak out “Awww” without
hesitatio
n. However, there's a reason
why you find a dogs stare so attractive
.
当狗看着你，你毫不犹豫地说
“Awww”
< br>，不愿意离开。
这是因为你觉得狗的注意力很有吸引力，狗吸引了你，说明你爱狗
。故答案选
B
。
（
2
）细节理解题。根据第二段开头的
…after
the
pets
and
their
owners
spent
half
an
hour
together, both showed a
rise in oxytocin (
催产素
). One
key role of this hormone in many animals
is to promote bonding, …
宠物和主
人在一起半个小时，人与狗身上的催产素就会增加了。这
种激素在许多动物中的关键作用
就是促进关系。说明，催产系可以帮助动物加强联系，提
升关系。故答案选
C
。
（
< br>3
）推理判断题。第三、四两段给狗催产素，它们注视主人时间更长。但是只有母
狗会如
此，所以给狗催产素后，狗的反应不一样。这些实验的结果可能有助于解决一个古
老的问
题：现代狗的可怕狼祖先是如何变成人类最好的朋友的？从事这项研究的动物科学
家
Takefumi
Kikusui
认为，这种变化就是狗最初成为家畜时发生的变化。由此可推断出，这种
变化就是狗由令
人害怕的狼祖先变成人类最好的朋友。分析选项可知，故答案选
A
。
（
4
）
主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文解释了狗与人类的关系如何演变成今天的如此和谐
的朋
友关系的原因。分析选项可知
D
项（解释人类和狗连系的原因）
符合题意，故答案选
D
。
【点评】阅读理解题主旨大意及段落大意解题技巧：
位于段首：一般而言，以演绎法撰写的文章，主题句往往在文章的开头，即先点出主题，
然后围绕这一主题作具体的陈述。
位于段尾：有些文章会在开头列举事实
,
然后通过论证阐述作者的核心论点。
位于段中：有时段落是先介绍背景和细节，接着用一句综合或概括性的话概括前面所说的
内容或事例，然后再围绕主题展开对有关问题的深入讨论。
首
尾呼应：主题句在段落的开头和结尾两个位置上先后出现，形成前呼后应的格局。
5
．
阅读理解
Exhibitions in the British
Museum
Hokusai: beyond
the Great Wave
Katsushika
Hokusai
(1760-1849)
is
widely
regarded
as
one
of
Japan's
most
famous
and
influential produced works of
astonishing quality right up until his death at
the age of
new exhibition will lead
you on an artistic journey through the last 30
years of Hokusai's
life
—
a time when
he produced some of his most memorable
masterpieces.
25
May
—
13 August
2017
Room 35
Adults
￡
12,Members/under 16s
free
Places of the mind:
British watercolour landscapes
1850-1950
Drawn
from
the
British
Museum's
rich
collection,this
is
the
first
exhibition
devoted
to
landscape
drawings
and watercolours by
British
artists
in
the
Victorian
and
modern
eras
—
two
halves of very different
centuries.
23
February
—
27 August
2017
Room 90
Free, just drop in
Scythians: warriors of ancient
Siberia
This
major
exhibition
explores
the
story
of
the
Scythians
—
nomadic
tribes
and
masters
of
mounted warfare, who flourished between
900 and 200 BC. Their encounters with the Greeks,
Assyrians and Persians were written
into history but for centuries all trace of their
culture was
lost
—
buried
beneath the ice.
14
September 2017
—
14 January
2018
Room 30
Adults
￡
16.50,Members/under
16s free
Politics and
paradise: Indian popular prints from the
Moscatelli Gift
This
display is part of the Museum's contribution to
the India-UK Year of Culture looks
at
the popular print culture of India from the 1880s
until the 1950s.
19
July
—
3 September
2017
Room 90a
Free,just drop in
（
1
）
If
you are interested in drawings of natural scenery,
you will probably go to______.
A. Room 35
B. Room 90
C. Room 30
D. Room 90a
（
2
）
Which exhibition
can you attend in October 2017?
A. Hokusai: beyond the
Great Wave.
B.
Scythians: warriors of ancient Siberia.
C. Places
of
the
mind:
British
watercolour
landscapes
1850-1950.
D.
Politics
and
paradise:
Indian popular prints from the
Moscatelli Gift.
（
3
）
Where can we most
probably find the passage?
A. In a health report.
B. In a story book.
C. In a parenting magazine.
D. In a tour guide.
【答案】
（
1
）
B
（
2
）
< br>B
（
3
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇应用文
，介绍了四个不同的展览，分别是日本艺术家的杰
作，英国水彩风景，希腊历史探索和印
度印刷文化。
（
1
< br>）考查细节理解。根据
Places of the mind:
British watercolour landscapes 1850-1950
部分
中的
“this
is
the
first
exhibition
devoted
to
landscape
drawings
and
wate
rcolours”
以及下段的
“Room 90”
可知，这幅作品是关于自然风光的，在
90
房间。
故选
B
。
（
2
）考查细节理解。根据
Scythi
ans:
warriors
of
ancient
Siberia
部分中的
“14
September
2017
—14
January
2018”
，可知在
2017
年十月份可以去参观
“Scy
thians:
warriors
of
ancient
Siberia”
这
幅作品。故选
B
。
< br>（
3
）考查推理判断。根据短文是对博物馆里的艺术品的
介绍，可知这篇文章可能出现在导
游杂志里。故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两
个题型的考查，是一篇广告类阅读，考生需
要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下进行逻辑推
理，从而选出正确答案。
6
．
阅读理解
What Theresa Loe is doing proves
that a large farm isn't a prerequisite for a
modern grow-your-
own lifestyle. On a
mere 1
/10 of an acre in Los Angeles,
Loe and her family grow, can
(
装罐
) and
preserve
much of the food they consume.
Loe
is
a
master
food
preserver,
gardener
and
canning
expert.
She
also
operates
a
website,
where
she
shares
her
tips
and
recipes,
with
the
goal
of
demonstrating
that
everyone
has
the
ability to control
what's on their plate.
Loe initially went to school to become an
engineer, but she quickly learned that her
enthusiasm
was
mainly
about
growing
and
preparing
her
own
food
.
“
got
into
cooking
my
own
food
and
started growing my own
herbs(
香草
)and foods for that
fresh flavor,” she said. Engineer by day,
Loe
learned
cooking
at
night
school.
She
ultimately
purchased
a
small
piece
of
land
with
her
husband and began
growing their own foods.
“I
teach
people
how
to
live
farm
-
fresh
without
a
farm,”
Loe
said.
Through
her
website
Loe
emphasizes that ''anybody can do this
anywhere.” Got an apartment with a balcony
(
阳台
)? Plant
some
herbs.
A
window?
Perfect
spot
for
growing.
Start
with
herbs,
she
recommends,
because
“they're
very forgiving.” Just a little of the herbs “can
take your regular cooking to a whole new
level,” she added. “I think it's a
great place to start.” Then? Try growing something
from a seed,
she said, like a tomato or
some tea.
Canning is a
natural extension of the planting she does. With
every planted food, Loe noted,
there's
a
moment
when
it's
bursting
with
its
absolute
peak
flavor. “I
try
and
keep
it
in
a
time
capsule
in
a
canning
jar,”
Loe
said.
“Canning
for
me
is
about
knowing
what's
in
your
food,
knowing where it comes
from.”
In addition to
being more in touch with the food she's eating,
another joy comes from passing
this
knowledge and this desire for good food to her
children: “Influencing them and tellin
g
them
your opinion on not only being
careful what we eat but understanding the bigger
picture
,” she
said, “that if
we don't take care of the earth, no one
will.”
（
1
）
The
underlined word “prerequisite” (Para. 1) is
closest in meaning to“
”.
A.
recipe B. substitute
C. requirement D.
challenge
（
2
）
Why
does Loe suggest starting with herbs?
A. They are used daily.
B. They are easy to grow.
C. They can grow very tall.
D. They can be eaten uncooked.
< br>（
3
）
According
to Loe, what is the benefit of canning her planted
foods?
A. It can
preserve their best flavor.
B. It can promote her online
sales.
C. It can better her
cooking skills.
D. It can improve their
nutrition.
（
4
）
What is the “the bigger
picture” (Para. 6) that Loe wishes her children to
understand?
A.
The knowledge about good food.
B. The way to live a grow-our-own
life.
C. The joy of getting
in touch with foods.
D. The
responsibility to protect our earth
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（
2
）
B
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
D
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文
，讲述了一个名叫
Loe
的女性的故事。
Loe
是
“
自己种
< br>植
”
现代生活方式的实践者，她热衷于自己种植香草和味
道新鲜的食物，并将食物装入密封
罐中保持以保持最佳的风味，更想通过自己的举动影响
孩子们，让他们意识到保护地球的
责任。
(1)
考查词义猜测。根据第一段中的
“On
a
mere
1
/10
of
an
acre
…
and
preserve
much
of
the
food they
consume”
可知面积并不是硬要求。
Loe
在那里所做的一切证明，一个大农场对
“
自
己种植
”
现代生活方式来说并不是一个硬要求。
故选
C
。
(
2)
考查细节理解。根据第四段中的
“Start with
herbs… Just a little of the herbs …”
可知香
草很
容易生长。故选
B
。
(3)
考查细节理解。根据第五段中的
“there is a moment when it's bursting with its absolute peak
flavor. 'I try to
keep it in a time capsule in a canning jar,'”
可知将种植的事物装入密封罐中保存
的好处是能够保持最佳的风味。故选<
/p>
A
。
(4)<
/p>
考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的
“that if we
don't take care of
the
earth, no one will”
可知
the
bigger picture
指的是保护地球的责任。故选
D
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和
词义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需
要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下
文进行推理归纳，从而选出正确答案。
7
．
阅读下
列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（
A
、
B
、
C
和
D<
/p>
）中，选出最佳选项。
On
January
13,
2016,
France
became
the
first
country
in
the
world
to
pass
a
law
requiring
supermarkets to donate food that is
approaching its expiration date
(
保质期
) instead of throwing
it away. The regulation that applies to
supermarkets over 4,000 square feet requires
stores to sign
official donation
agreements with local food banks.
The law also makes it illegal for
stores to pour water over nearly-expired food, or
store it inside
locked
warehouses
until
it
is
picked
up
by
the
garbage
trucks.
These
measures
are
often
undertaken by supermarkets to prevent
the hungry from searching for food through the
dustbins.
Though that
may appear cruel, the stores claim they do it to
avoid potential food poisoning
that
could occur if the product is on its way past its
expiry. Those who do not obey the new law
face the risk of heavy
fines.
Also, excess
goods like yogurt or milk that are likely to go
bad quickly are now allowed to be
donated directly to the food banks.
Though this has always been possible, the current
process is
long and complex, making it
difficult for producers to give away the food in a
timely manner.
France's
food banks are of course thrilled about the
possibility of receiving extra food. Jacques
Bailet, who heads a network of French
food banks called the Banques Alimentaires, says
that of
the 110,000 tons of goods
received annually, only 36,000 tons comes from
supermarkets. Bailet
estimates
(
估计
) that just a 15%
increase in supermarket donations would translate
to over 10
million additional meals to
feed the hungry each year.
Though this is a great first step, Arash
Dermabarsh, the activist responsible for the
grassroots
movement that led to the
ban, is not done. He now wants to extend the law
to other places like
restaurants
and
also
try
to
convince
other
countries
in
the
European
Union
to
pass
similar
regulations.
These
steps
are
necessary
because
of
the
over
9
million
tons
of
food
wasted
in
France;
an
astonishing
67%
is
thrown
away
by
consumers,
with
supermarkets
and
restaurants
making up the rest.
< br>（
1
）
What should
stores do with nearly-expired food?
A. Throw it away.
B. Send it to the hungry.
C. Store it in refrigerators.
D. Give it away to food
banks.
（
2
< br>）
What does the underlined word
A. Extra.
B. Cheap. C. Seasonal.
D. Returned.
（
3
）
What might Bailet agree with
about the French food banks?
A. They have a lot of
expired food.
B.
They will get much benefit from the
law.
C. Their
food
is
enough
for
the
people
in
need.
D. Their
food
mainly
comes
from
supermarkets.
（
4
）
What does
Dermabarsh plan to do?
A. Build more food banks in France.
B. Make the law take effect in more
places.
C. Organize
a
campaign
to
promote
this
law.
D. Raise
consumers
awareness
of
waste
reduction.
【答案】
（
1
）
D
（
2<
/p>
）
A
（
3
）
B
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报
道，讲述了法国成为世界上第一个通过法律要求超市
捐赠即将过期食品的国家。而即将过
期食品的捐赠对人们和社会都有积极的影响。
（
1
）考查推理判断。根据第一段可知，法国成为世界上第一个通过法律要求超
市捐赠即将
过期食品的国家，之后文章就此展开。故选
D
。
（
2
）考查词义猜测。根据第四段中的
“Also, excess
goods like yogurt or milk that are likely to
go bad quickly are now allowed to be
donated di
rectly to the food banks. ”
此外，像酸奶或牛奶
这样的过剩商品可能很快就会变质，现在可以直
接捐赠给食品银行。由此推知划线词的意
思是
“
额外的，过量的
”
，故选
A<
/p>
。
（
3
）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的
“Bailet
estimates (
估计
) that just a
15% increase in
supermarket donations
would translate to over 10 million additional
meals to feed the hungry
e
ach year.”
可知，
Bailet
认为他们将从法律中得到很多好处。故选
B
。
（
4
）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的
“Though
this is a great first step, Arash Dermabarsh,
the activist responsible for the
grassroots movement that led to the ban, is not
done. He now
wants to extend the law to
other places like restaurants and also try to
convince other countries
in the
European Union to pass similar regulations.”
可知，
Dermabarsh
计划让法律在更多的地
方生效。故选
B
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇新
闻报
道，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从
而选
出正确答案。
8
．
阅读理解
Home Laundry Automatic Dryer
Product
Full Two Year
Warranty
（保修）
Limited Five Year Warranty on
Cabinet
（机箱）
Warranty Provides for
：
FIRST TWO YEARS Amana will repair
or replace any faulty part free of
charge.
THIRD THRU FIFTH
YEARS Amana will provide a free replacement part
for any cabinet which
proves faulty due
to rust
（生锈）
.
Warranty
Limitations
：
Warranty begins at date of original
purchase.
Applies only
to product used within the United States or in
Canada if product is approved by
Canadian Standards Association when
shipped from factory.
Products used on a commercial or rental basis not
covered by this warranty.
Service must be performed by an Amana
servicer.
Adjustments
covered during first year only.
Warranty Does Not Cover It
If
：
Product
has
damage
due
to
product
change
，
connection
to
an
improper
electrical
supply>
shipping and handling, accident, fire,
floods, lightning or other conditions beyond the
control of
Amana.
Product is improperly
installed
（安装）
or
applied.
Owner's
Responsibilities
：
Provide sales receipt.
Normal care and repair.
Having the product reasonably
accessible for service.
Pay for service calls related to product
installation or usage instructions.
Pay
for
extra
service
costs,
over
normal
service
charges,
if
servicer
is
requested
to
perform
service outside
servicer^ normal business hours.
In no event shall Amana be
responsible for consequential
damages
（间接损坏）
.
This warranty gives you specific
legal rights, and you may have others which vary
from state to
state For example, some
states do not allow the
exclusion
（排除）
or limitation
of consequential
damages, so this
exclusion may not apply to you.
（
1
）
According
to Warranty Limitations, a product can be under
warranty if .
A. used in the U.S.A
B. rented for home use
C.
repaired by the user himself
D. shipped from a Canadian
factory
（
2
）
According to Owner's
Responsibilities, an owner has to pay for .
A. the product installation
B. a servicer's overtime
work
C. the loss of the
sales receipt D. a
mechanic's transportation
（<
/p>
3
）
Which of the
following is true according to the warranty?
A. Consequential damages
are excluded across America.
B.
A product damaged in a natural
disaster
is covered by the warranty.
C. A
faulty
cabinet
due
to
rust
can
be
replaced
free
in
the
second
year.
D. Free
repair
is
available for a product used improperly
in the first year.
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（
2
）
B
（
3
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文这是一张保修
单，属于说明文，对家用自动干洗机的保修时限、保
修服务范围、购买者所负的责任、不
属于保修服务内容以及对结果性损失不负任何责任诸
方面进行了详尽说明。
(1)
考查细节理解。根据
“Warranty
Limitations
：
•
Applies
only
to
product
used
within
the
United
States”
可知，根据保修限制，如果在美国使用，产品可以在保修期内。故选
A
。
(2)
考查细节理解。根据
“Owner's
R
e
sponsibilities
：
•
Pay
for
extra
service
costs,
over
normal
service
charges”
可
知，根据业主的责任，业主必须为服务人员的加班工作支付费用。故选
B
。
(3)
考查细节理解。根
据
“FIRST TWO YEARS Amana will repair or
replace any faulty part free of
charge.
”
可知，一个有缺陷的橱柜在第二年就可以被替换掉。故选
C<
/p>
。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型
的考查，是一篇生活类阅读，要求考生准确掌握细节
信息，结合题目要求，选出正确答案
。
9
．
阅读理解
The Hunan
Satellite
TV(HNTV)
show
are
we going,
Dad?
is
a
big
hit.
Many
famous
stars
brought their children to a strange village alone,
and they had to spend 72 hours with their
children there. The program fully
showed us a modern version of the
As
the young parents today are too busy to take care
of their children, this new form of
the
way
played
by
nanny
Daddy
and
cute
kids
triggered(
触发
)a
lot
of
people's
emotional
resonance(
共鸣
).
Both the kids and their parents will find that
their hearts are being drawn closer.
But this kind of feeling has just
proved that there is a big spiritual barrier
between the modern
parents and
children.
The TV shows
like
and
kids
are
becoming
more
and
more
popular.
All
of
these
show
the
new
parents'
confusion in children's education and
the appeal for the balance between career and
family.
In
real
life,
on
the
one
hand
the
young
parents
feel
helpless
because
they
are
too
busy
to
accompany their children under the
pressures of work and life; on the other hand they
continue
to do so. The data collected
by HNTV shows that nearly two-thirds of their
audience are female,
among whom 36% are
aged from 25 to can imagine such a scene that one
evening a young
mother
is
watching
the
show
with
her
young
children,
while
her
husband
is
still
at
work
or
trapped in socializing,
or maybe is just playing computer games in the
bedroom. The story of a
child without
the company of father is still going on. In fact,
it is sometimes the same to mothers.
In
a
modern
family,
it
is
often
the
old
who
take
the
responsibility
of
raising
a
child.
The
participation of mother
in the children's education is also very
low.
It is just this
kind of confusion where the parents have gone in
the modern family education,
and where
the parents will guide their children to go that
，
Dad?
If
a
child
wants
to
grow
up
healthily
and
safely
into
a
modern
citizen
with
independent
personality and free spirit, it is very
important for him or her to follow the parents who
serve as
their first teacher. Maybe
this is the real reason why such kind of TV
programs could get hot. The
truth is
that children will go where their parents go; and
society will go where the children go.
（
1
）
In
raising a child in modern society, parents should
________.
computer games with their children
their children at home to avoid
socializing
e well between
family and career
down the
barrier between children and teachers
<
/p>
（
2
）
Whic
h of the following can be inferred in the passage?
s shouldn't entirely leave
the education of children to the old.
B.36% of the audience of the program
are female aged from 25-34.
program shows us the confusion where the parents
and children will go to play.
a modern family it is often mothers
who are responsible for raising a
child.
（
3
< br>）
Which one is the best title of the
passage?
ion
Behind “Where are we going, dad?”
Education is Important
Daddy and Cute Kids
problems in Modern Children's
Education
（
4
）
What
attitude
towards
modern
family
education
does
the
author
express
in
the
second
paragraph?
.
d.
stic.
erent.
【答案】
（
1
）
C
（<
/p>
2
）
A
（
3
）
A
（
4
）
B
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，通过讲述热门节目
“
爸爸去哪儿
”<
/p>
展示了现代家庭教
育中存在的问题。
（
1
）考查
细节理解。根据第二段中的
“All
of
these
show
the
new
parents'
confusion
in
children's education and
the
appeal for the balance between career and family.”
可知父母必须处
理好事业与家庭之间的冲突，故选
C
。
< br>（
2
）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的
< br>“In
a
modern
family,
it
is
often
the
old
who
take
the
responsibility
of
raising
a
child.”
可知父母把养育孩子的责任交给了自己的父母，也就是爷爷
奶奶
，故选
A
。
（
3
）考查主旨大意。本文讲述爸爸去
哪儿，这个电视节目取得了巨大的成功，得到大家
的关注，从而如何教育孩子也就成为当
前重要的话题，故选
A
。
（
4
）考查
推理判断。第二段提到孩子很难养，辣妈，潮童，这些流行词汇，所有的这些
节目反应家
长在平衡家庭与事业之间的矛盾，故作者的态度是很担忧的，所以选
B
< br>。
【点评】本题考点涉及细
节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇教育类阅
读，要求考生在捕捉细节
信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推
理，概括和归纳，从而选出
正确答案。
10
< br>．
阅读理解
For top students from low-income
families, the challenge of applying to colleges is
particularly
difficult. 1 in 4 deal
with all of that
—
the
writing, the studying, the researching and
applying
—
completely on their
own. One approach to make this whole process
easier? Pair students up with
an
adviser.
That's
the
idea
behind
CollegePoint,
an
initiative
to
help
gifted
students
go
to
schools
that
match their
intellectual(
智力的
)ability.
When a high school student takes a standardized
test
—
the
PSAT,
SAT
or
ACT
——
and
they
score
in
the
90th
percentile,
and
their
families
make
less
than$$80,
000
a
year,
they
get
an
email
from
the
program
offering
them
a
free
adviser.
The
advisers listen, guide and answer
students'questions.
Connor Rechtzigel, an adviser in Minnesota, sees
the importance of his role, for research shows
that low-income students are far more
likely to undermatch because they don't think they
have
what it takes to get in and
because many don't even know what schools are out
there. He helped
high school senior
Justice Benjamin, the first in his family to apply
to college, think about what his
ideal
learning
experience
was.
Finally,
Justice
narrowed
in
on
smaller
schools
where
he
could
study environmental
science and made his final
choice
：
Skidmore College in
New York. He felt
empowered by the
process.
Figuring out
how to pay for college is a major part of what,
CollegePoint advisers do. Nakhle, an
adviser in North Carolina, is working
with Hensley, an Ohio high school senior who can't
get extra
financial help from her
family. They spent a lot of time comparing and
analyzing her financial-aid
award
letters, which made her decision much clearer.
Finally, the Ohio State University offered an
option where she would pay nothing.
Staying in-state wasn't her first choice, but it
was the best
option for her.
（
1
）
Wha
t is the second paragraph mainly about?
CollegePoint
works.
goal of
CollegePoint.
to apply for
a free adviser.
challenge
of choosing colleges.
（
2
）
What prevents low-
income students from attending proper colleges?
timating their
abilities.
g little about
colleges.
of enough
learning experience.
e to
get support from their families.
（
3
）
Why
did Hensley finally choose the Ohio State
University?
didn't want to stay far from home.
favorite major was provided
there.
would show her
talents to the full.
university met her financial needs.
（
4
）
What
is the best title for the text?
to Be a Financial
Adviser
for Top Students to
Select Ideal Colleges
rs
Help Poor Students Apply to Suitable
Colleges
ePoint
—
a Program
Helping Students Score High
【答案】
（
1
）
A
（<
/p>
2
）
B
（
3
）
D
（
4
）
C
【解析】
【分析】本文是一篇说明文
，介绍了一款帮助贫困家庭的优秀生申请合适大学的
虚拟建议程序。
（
1
）考查段落大意。根据第二段
“That's
the
idea
behind
Colle
geP
oint
，
an
initiative
to
help
gifted
students
go
to
schools
that
match
their
intel
lectual(
智力的
)ability.
When
a
high
school
student
takes
a
standardized
test
—
the
PSAT
，
SAT
or
ACT
——
and
they
score
in
the
90th
percentile
，
and
their
families
make
less
than$$80
，
000
a
year
，
they
get
an
email
from
the
program
offering
them
a
free
adviser.
The
advisers
listen
，
guide
and
answer
students'questions.
”
可知本段讲述了
CollegePoint
的建议者们
对那些大学考试分数过关，但
是年收入不到
8
< br>万美元的家庭提供免费的选择大学方面的指导。可以得知讲述了