学术论文常用英语总结
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文常用句型
英语学术论文常用句型
Beginning
1. In this paper, we focus
on the need for
2. This paper proceeds as follow.
3. The
structure of the paper is as follows.
4. In this paper, we shall
first briefly introduce
fuzzy sets and
related concepts
5. To begin with we will provide a
brief
background on the
Introduction
1. This will
be followed by a description of the
fuzzy nature of the problem and a
detailed
presentation of how the
required membership
functions are
defined.
2.
Details on xx and xx are discussed in later
sections.
3. In the next section, after a
statement of the
basic problem, various
situations involving possibility
knowledge are investigated: first, an
entirely
possibility model is proposed;
then the cases of a
fuzzy service time
with stochastic arrivals and non
fuzzy
service rule is studied; lastly, fuzzy service
rule
are considered.
Review
1. This
review is followed by an introduction.
2. A brief summary of some
of the relevant
concepts in xxx and xxx
is presented in Section 2.
3. In the next section, a
brief review of the .... is
given.
4. In the
next section, a short review of ... is given
with special regard to ...
5. Section 2 reviews
relevant research related to
xx.
6. Section
1.1 briefly surveys the motivation for a
methodology of action, while 1.2 looks
at the
difficulties posed by the
complexity of systems and
outlines the
need for development of possibility
methods.
Body
1. Section 1 defines the
notion of robustness, and
argues for
its importance.
2. Section 1 devoted to the basic
aspects of the
FLC decision making
logic.
3.
Section 2 gives the background of the problem
which includes xxx
4. Section 2 discusses
some problems with and
approaches to,
natural language understanding.
5. Section 2 explains how
flexibility which often ...
can be
expressed in terms of fuzzy time window
6. Section 3
discusses the aspects of fuzzy set
theory that are used in the ...
7. Section 3
describes the system itself in a
general way, including the ….. and also
discusses how
to evaluate system
performance.
8. Section 3 describes a new measure of
xx.
9.
Section 3 demonstrates the use of fuzzy
possibility theory in the analysis of
xx.
10.
Section 3 is a fine description of fuzzy
formulation of human decision.
11. Section
3, is developed to the modeling and
processing of fuzzy decision rules
12. The main
idea of the FLC is described in
Section
3 while Section 4 describes the xx strategies.
13. Section 3
and 4 show experimental studies for
verifying the proposed model.
14. Section 4
discusses a previous fuzzy set based
approach to cost variance
investigation.
15. Section 4 gives a specific example
of xxx.
16.
Section 4 is the experimental study to make a
fuzzy model of memory process.
17. Section 4
contains a discussion of the
implication of the results of Section 2
and 3.
18.
Section 4 applies this fuzzy measure to the
analysis of xx and illustrate its use
on experimental
data.
19. Section 5 presents the
primary results of the
paper: a fuzzy
set model ..
20. Section 5 contains some conclusions
plus some
ideas for further work.
21. Section 6
illustrates the model with an
example.
22. Various
ways of justification and the reasons
for their choice are discussed very
briefly in Section 2.
23. In Section 2 are presented the
block diagram
expression of a whole
model of human DM system
24. In Section 2 we shall list a
collection of basic
assumptions which a
... scheme must satisfy.
25. In Section 2 of this paper, we
present
representation and uniqueness
theorems for the
fundamental
measurement of fuzziness when the
domain of discourse is order dense.
26. In
Section 3, we describe the preliminary
results of an empirical study currently
in progress to
verify the measurement
model and to construct
membership
functions.
27. In Section 5 is analyzed the
inference process
through the two kinds
of inference experiments...
This
Section
1. In
this section, the characteristics and
environment under which MRP is designed
are
described.
2. We will provide in this section
basic
terminologies and notations which
are necessary for
the understanding of
subsequent Section
2. The next section describes the
mathematics
that goes into the computer
implementation of such
fuzzy logic
statements.
3. However, it is cumbersome for this
purpose and
in practical applications
the formulae were rearranged
and
simplified as discussed in the next section.
4. The three
components will be described in the
next two section, and an example of xx
analysis of a
computer information
system will then illustrate their
use.
5. We can
interpret the results of Experiments I
and II as in the following sections.
6. The next
section summarizes the method in a
from
that is useful for arguments based on xx
Summary
1. This paper concludes with a
discussion of future
research
consideration in section 5.
2. Section 5 summarizes
the results of this
investigation.
3. Section 5
gives the conclusions and future
directions of research.
4. Section 7 provides a
summary and a discussion
of some
extensions of the paper.
5. Finally, conclusions and future work
are
summarized
6. The basic questions posed above are
then
discussed and conclusions are
drawn.
7.
Section 7 is the conclusion of the paper.
Chapter 0. Abstract
1. A basic problem in the
design of xx is presented
by the choice
of a xx rate for the measurement of
experimental variables.
2. This paper examines a
new measure of xx in xx
based on fuzzy
mathematics which overcomes the
difficulties found in other xx
measures.
3.
This paper describes a system for the analysis of
the xx.
4. The method involves the construction
of xx
from fuzzy relations.
5. The procedure is useful
in analyzing how groups
reach a
decision.
6.
The technique used is to employ a newly
developed and versatile xx algorithm.
7. The
usefulness of xx is also considered.
8. A brief methodology
used in xx is discussed.
9. The analysis is useful in xx and xx
problem.
10.
A model is developed for a xx analysis using
fuzzy matrices.
11. Algorithms to combine
these estimates and
produce a xx are
presented and justified.
12. The use of the method is discussed
and an
example is given.
13. Results of an
experimental applications of this
xx
analysis procedure are given to illustrate the
proposed technique.
14. This paper analyses
problems in
15. This paper outlines the functions
carried out
by ...
16. This paper includes an
illustration of the ...
17. This paper provides an overview and
information useful for approaching
18. Emphasis
is placed on the construction of a
criterion function by which the xx in
achieving a
hierarchical system of
objectives are evaluated.