英语元音字母与字组的发音规则

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2021年02月18日 20:57
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2021年2月18日发(作者:闪天下)




目录



字母在单词中的发音



.


............................................. .................................................. .......................


1



辅音字母在单词中不发音的规则



.< /p>


........................................ .................................................. ........


7



字母组合


......................................... .................................................. ................................................


8



元音字母组合及发音



.


............................................. .................................................. .....................


11





字母在单词中的发音



元音字母在单词中的发音



开音节



1


)以发音的元音字母结尾的单节。



例:


be



h e




2


)以辅音字母(


r


除外)


+


不发音的


e


结尾的音节。



例:


m ake



like


< br>


*


在重读的开音节中元音字母按字母名称读音。




闭音节



以一个或几个辅音字母(


r


除外)结尾而中间只有一个元音字母的音节,



称为闭音节。例:


map



d esk



is




*


在重读的闭音节中元音字母读做短元音。



Aa


[ei]



在单词中的发音



1.


在重读开音节中发字母音


[ei]



a


age


able


ache


bake


cake


snake


wake


lake


make


take


case


cable


age


save


base


tape


wav


e


date


race


face


name


same


game


frame


gate


hate


male


pale


sale


taste


shave


shade


race


plane


plate


place


page


space


safe


slave


state


table


stable


stage


skate


paste


trace


trade


wast


e

< p>
(


注意


have[


]


,ate


[


]




vase


的英国发音


)


2.


在重读闭音节中发


[æ]



at


act


ash


bag


bad


bat


cap


cat


can


dad


fact


hand


jam


black


thank


rabbit


glad


chat


van


v


at


sad



3.

在非重读音节中发


[


ә


]





a'go


a'wake


a'live


a'lone


a'long


a'side


a'board


a'broad


a'round


a'bout


a'bove


a'ccept


a'djust


a


'like


American


a'mount


a'sleep


a'ware


a'way


a'part


'panda


'cinema



4.

< p>
在重读


-r


音节中发


[α :]




car


star


start


far


arm


army


hard


farm


party


card


part


pardon


March


farther


farthest


garden



harvest


market


large


apart


parking


(


注意



,ar



[


ɔ


:


]



warm


war


toward


quarter


[


]


;


在 非重读


-r


音节中发


[


ә


]



'sugar)



5.



- re


音节中发


[e


]




care


hare


careful


parent


(


注意


are


[α:]




)



6.


在 重读闭音节中


,


字母组合中


,



[ei]



dange


dangerous


strange


stranger


change


exchange


(


注意


orange


[


7.


在重读闭音节中


,


a+st,


a+sp,


a+sk,


a+th,


a+f,


a+n


中的


a



[α:]



glass


class


classmate


grass


pass


passer-by


last


fast


past


grasp


ask


mask


basketb


all


rather


father


after


afternoon


dance


answer


France


plant


can't



8.


在重读闭音节中


,a

< p>
前是


w



,a

< p>
常发



[


]




want


wash


washer


watch


was



(


注意


water


[


]


)



]


)



Aa


的字母组合音节在单词中的发音




-


[


ɔ


:


]



all


call


ball


wall


walk



有时发



[



-



[


ɔ< /p>


:


]



saw


law


draw




-



[


ɔ


:


]



autumn


August


(


注意


laugh


[



-



[


ɔ


:


]



taught


daughter




-


[ei


]



train


tailor


(


注意


said


[


]


)



]


;


Monday


等词中,


ay


为非重读音节发


[


])



]


aunt


[


]


)



]


also


salt


always


almost…




-


[ei]



day


play


today


(


注意


says


[



-


[e



]



air


hair


chair



Ee


[i:]


在单词中的发音



1.


在重读开音节中,发字母音



[i:]




be


he


she


we


key


these


me



2.


在重读闭音节中发



[e]






bed


beg


bet


cell


send


rent


tent


debt


egg


ten


neck


let


desk


yes


yellow



3.


在重读


-r


音节中发


[


ә


:


]




her


hers


term


person


certain


certainly


prefer


perform


Germany


reserve


4.


在非重读


-r

< br>音节中发


[


ә


]



under


teacher


winter


summer


better


cover


water


sister


mother


father


supper


leader


ladder


Peter


wonder


player



5.


在重读


-re

< br>音节中发


[


ɪ


ə


]




here



[e


]



there


where


Ee


[i:]


的字母组合在单词中的发音





-



[i:]


]


tea


eat


read


team


meat


sea


jeans


pea


peach


wheat


reach



-


[e]



head


bread


health


dead


deaf


sweat


heavy


breath


heaven



-



[i:]




bee


see


meet


sheep


tree


three


jeep


feet


teeth


knee


fee




-



[i:]


]


receive


(


-


[i:]



piece


field


believe




[



-


[ju:]



new


few


sew



-


[u:]



blew


threw


flew


(r+ew,


l+ew)


-


[


ɪ

< br>ə


]



pioneer


volunteer


-


[


ɪ


ə


]



ear


near


hear


dear


clear


-


[e


]



pear


bear



-



[ei]



eight


weight



]


quiet


science)




Ii


[


a


ɪ


]



在单词中的发音



1.


在开音节中发字母音


[ai]


I


hi


bike


time


rice


tidy


die


lie


tie

< p>
(


元音字母加不发音字母


e


视为开音节)


注意



give


live



2.


在闭音节中



[


]



is


it


milk


fish


pig


ship


big



3.



-nd


-ld



gh



[ai]



find


child


light


high



4.



-r


音节中



[


]






bird


girl


shirt


skirt


first


dirty


thirsty


firm


third


thirty


birthday


birth


5.



-re


音节中



[


tire


fire


hire


]



Ii


[


a


ɪ


]


的字母组合音节在单词中的发音




-


[



-


[



-


[



-


[


]


sign


]


light


night


bright


right


fight


flight


(gh


不发音)



]


diary


dialogue



]


quiet


science


-


[i:]


piece


field


believe




-


[


]


toilet


Oo


[


]


在单词中的发音



]



1


、在开音节中发字母本音


[


no


toe


zero


hero


potato


tomato


photo


piano


kilo


tobacco


hello


home


note


h


ope


whole


role


nose


rose


vote


pole


mode


bone


zone


tone


code


joke


Rome


c


ope


sole


owe


own


(注意:


[u:]


do


to


who


shoe


move


;


[


2.


在重读闭音节中发


[

< p>
ɔ


]



not


nod


rob


hot


cost


off


lot


job


stop


doctor


honest


Tom


dot


got


shop


box


l


ost


most


from



3.

< br>在非重读音节中发


[


ә


]



to'day


o'clock


'pilot


com'puter


o'ccur


o'btain


'opposite



4.


在重读


-r


音节发



[


:


]




]


come


done


)



or


for


morning


forty


born


horse


sport


report


north


northern


nor


order


fork


pork


corner


record


report


normal


important


cord


force


(注意:


[w]+or,


or



[


:


]


word


work


worse


worst


world


workplace


)





5.


在 非重读


-r


音节中发



[


]




for'get


'doctor


'color


'actor



6.


在重读


-re

< br>音节中发



[


ɔ


:


]



more


before


score



7.


在重读闭音节中,


o+st




o+ld



o



[


]



most


post


(


注意


[


]


cost


lost


)



old


cold


hold


told



8.


在重读音节中,


o+m,


o+n,


o+v,


o+th


时,


o




[


]




come


some


become


sometimes



son


one


front


month


monkey


among


none


ton


done


once


won


done


Monday



wonder


wonderful


(


注意


only


[


'


love


above


cover



(


注意


over


[


nl



]


gone


[


g


n]


)



]



]



mother


brother


other


another



(


注意


both


[


Oo


字母组合音节在单词中的发音




-


[



-


[



[


]



how


now


cow


crowd


brown


town


flower


down


]



door


floor


(

< p>
注意


poor[


]



bought


brought


thought


]



your


four


]


)



]



boat


coat


(


注意


broad[


]



know


row


slow


throw


snow



]


board


[


]


)




-


[



-


[



-


[


[


]



our


hour



[


]



colour


neighbour



-


[


]



about


count



[



]


young


country


touch


trouble


southern




[u:]



group


rout


you






[


]



famous


favourite


nervous


dangerous



字母


u


在单 词中发哪些音?



1.


在重读开音节中


[ju:]




student


excuse


duty


Tuesday


true


rule


blue


glue


June



2.

在开音节中,元音字母


u


在辅音字母


j l r s


后面时读


[u:]




June blue ruler super



3.


在重读闭音节中,多数读


[Λ]



us


must


trust


sun


bus



busy

< br>特例)



4.



在重读闭音节中


p


后读


[u]



put


pull


push


(full


bull)



5.



在非重读音节中一般发


[


]



'autumn


su'pply


su'pport


su'ppose


su'ppress


'August




元音字母在重读音节中的特殊读音



a



f n sk ph sp ss st th




[α:] after plant graph ask grasp glass fast father



i



-nd -ld



gh




[ai] find child light high



o



-st -ld




[ou] most postcard old cold



o



m n v th




[



] come monkey love mother




字母组合


er, ir, ur, or,


的发音规律



er


, ir


, ur


,


通常读长音


/


ə

< p>
:/


。例如:


term, her


, girl, bird, nurse, hurt



or



/ w/


之后也读


/


ə

:/



在其他情况下读


/:/


例如:


word, worker


, world, worm



afford, corn, horse



er


, ir


, ur


, or


在非重读音节里 读短元音


/


ə


/,

如:


river


, farmer


, teacher


, doctor



元音字母


:a e i/y o u


元音字组


:ar er ir or ur are ere ire ore ure ai/ay air al au/aw ea ear ee eer ei/ey


eu/ew ie oa oar/oor oi/oy oo ou/ow our ui


辅音字母


:b c d f g h j k l m n p q r s t v w- x y- z


辅音字组


:ch -ck -dge dr- -ds gh gu- kn- -mn


-ng ph qu- sh -tch th tr- -ts wh- wr-



-


-


-


-


-


-


-


-