(译林版)小学英语语法知识大全

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2021年02月20日 23:47
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2021年2月20日发(作者:简述葛朗台的发家史)


(译林版)小学英语语法知识大全




小学阶段必备的英语语法知识点,时态,句型,常用词大全,你需要的都在这儿了,多

< p>
读几遍,记在脑子里哦!



1


现在进行时



表示正在发生的事情或进行的动作,


常与


now,liste n,look


等词连用,


结构是主语


+ be


动词


(am,


is, are)+


动词


ing.



如:


It is raining now.







外面正在下雨



It is six o



clock now.







现在


6


点了



My parents are reading newspapers in the sitting room.



我父母正在客厅看报纸



Look! The children are having a running race now.



看!孩子们正在赛跑



问句将


be


动词移前,否定句在

< p>
be


动词后


+not.



2


一般现在时



表示经常反复发生的事情或动作,常与


often, usually, sometimes, always, every day(week


year



) on Sundays


等词连用。



结构是主 语


+


动词原形;当主语为第三人称单数即


he,she, it, Tom, my mother, the boy


等词< /p>


时,动词后加


s



es.



如:


We have an English lesson every day.



我们每天都要上英语课



Do the boys run faster than the girls? Yes, they do.



男孩比女孩跑的快吗?是的



问句借助于


do, does


否定句借 助于


don



t, doesn



t


,后面动词一定要还原。



3


一般过去时


< p>
表示发生在过去的事情或存在的状态,


常与


jus t now; a moment ago;




ago; yesterday; last


( week; month; year; Monday; weekend); this morning


等词连用。



结构是主 语


+be


动词的过去式(


was; w ere


)或主语


+


动词的过去式。



注意:


be


动词 与动词过去式不可同时使用。



如:


My earphones were on the ground just now.



我的耳机刚刚还在呢。



Where were you last week? I was at a camp.



你上个星期去哪了?我去野营了



What did you do yesterday? I visited a farm



你昨天去干嘛了?我去参观农场了。



问句有


be


动词将


be


动词移前,没有


be


动词借助于


did


,后面动词还原;



否定句有


be


动词在后面加


not


,没有借助于


didn't


后面动词还原。



4


一般将来时



表示将要打算发生的事情或动作,常与


tomorrow, next week(year; Tuesday



), this


week( weekend evening; afternoon;



)today


等词连用。

< p>
结构是主语


+be(am, is, are) going


to +


动原或主语


+will +


动原。



如:


What are you going to do tomorrow? I am going to have a picnic.



你明天要去干嘛?我要去野餐。



The childre are going to have a sports meeting next week.



孩子们下个星期将参加运动会。



Tom will/is going to see a play with his father this evening.



Tom


今晚将和父母去看演出。



问句将


be


动词或


will


移前;否定句在


be


动词或< /p>


will


后加


not.

< br>


5


情态动词



can; can



t; should; shouldn



t; must; may


后一定加动词原形。



如:


The girl can



t swim, but she can skate.



女孩不会游泳,但是会滑冰



Don



t talk in class, you should listen to the teacher carefully.



不要再课上说话,你应该认真听老师讲。



6


祈使句



肯 定祈使句以动词原形开头;否定祈使句以


don



t


加动词原形开头。



如:


Open the box for me ,please.



请为我打开盒子。



Liu Tao! Please get up earlier tomorrow.



刘涛,明天请早点起床!



Don



t walk on the grass!



不要在草地上走!



Helen! Don



t climb the tree,please.



海伦!不要爬树。



7. go


的用法



去干嘛用


go +


动词


ing




: go swimming; go fishing;



go skating;



go camping;



go running;



go skiing;



go rowing




8


比较



than


前用比较级;


as



as


之间用原级。



如:


My mother is two years younger than my father.



我妈比我爸年轻两岁。



Liu Tao jumps as far as Ben.



刘涛跳得和本一样远。



9


喜欢做某事




like +


动词

< br>ing



like+ to +


动原。



如:



Su Yang likes growing flowers.



苏阳喜欢种花。



The children like to play with lanterns at Spring Festival.



孩子们喜欢在春节去玩花灯。



10


想要做某事





would like +to+


动原或


want + to +


动原。



例:


I



d like to visit the History Museum.=I want to visit the History Museum



11some



用于肯定句中,在否定 句和问句中改为


any,


但当表示委婉语气时仍用



如:


Can I have some writing paper? Would you like some orange juice?



12


代词



人称代词主格做主语用一般放在句首或动词前,主格分别是



I you he she it we you they




宾格做宾语用,一般放在动词或介词后



如:


Open them for me.


Let us



, join me


等。



宾格分别是


me you him her it us you them




形容词性物主代词放在名词前,不能单独使用,分别是


my your his her its our your their



名词性物主代词相当于形物加名词,它只能单独使用后面不好加名词,分别是


m ine yours his


hers its ours yours theirs




13


介词



介 词后要么不加动词,加动词只能加动词


ing


形式



如:


be good at running;



do well in jumping;



14


时间介词



季节前,月份前用介词


in



如:


in summer



in March


< /p>


具体的哪一天如星期几,几月几日用介词


on


如:


on Saturday; on the second of April; on Wednesday morning



在几点钟前用介词


at



如:



at a quarter to four;



只在上下午晚上用


in



如:


in the morning/ afternoon/ evening;



但在夜间用


at night




另:季节,月份和星期 前不好加


the.



15


名词复数构成的方法



有规则的有:



(1)


直接在名词后加


s




orange



oranges; photo



photos;



(2)



x, s, sh, ch


结尾的加


es



如:


box



boxes; glass



glasses; waitress



waitresses; watch



watches;peach-- peaches



(3)


以辅音字母 加


y


结尾的改


y



i



es



如:


study


studies



library



libraries; hobby



hobbies; family



families;



(4)



f, fe


结尾的改


f, fe



v



es


如:


knife



knives; thief



thieves


(注

:



o


结尾的我们学


过的只有


mango



es , mango



mangoes


其余 加


s,




不规则的有:



man



men; woman



women; people



people; child



children



16


动词第三人称单数的构成



(1)


直接在动词后加


s


如:


run


< br>runs; dance



dances



(2)



s,sh,ch,o

< br>结尾的加


es



如:

< p>
do



does;go



goes;wash



washes; catch



catches



(3)


以辅音字母加


y


结尾的改


y



i


es



如:

study



studies; carry



carries;



17


现在分词的构成



(1)


直接在动词后加


ing


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