2020年外研版小学英语语法总复习知识点归纳
-
精品资料
小学英语语法总复习
一、时态
1
．一般现在时
（
1
）表示
经常发生的动作或事情，通常用
“usually
通常
,
often
常常
,
every…
每
…, sometimes
有时，
always
总是
,”
等词。
（
2
）基本结构：
肯定句
否定句
一般疑问句
(Yes/No)
特殊疑问句
1
一般情况
I / You / We
/ They
动词原形
don’t
+
动原
Do… ? Yes, I
do.
What do …?
+s
去
y +ies
+es
He / She / It
动词第三人称单数形式
doesn’t +
动原
Does…(
动词原形
)…?No,she
doesn’t.
How does
she…(
动词原形
)…?
如：
walk-walks
fly-
flies
watch-watches
(3)
动词第三人称单数形式（同名词单数变成复数方法相同）
2.
辅音字母
+y
< br>结尾
3.
结尾是
s,
x
，
sh, ch
4.
特殊的
do-does ,have-has, go-goes
2
．现在进行时
,
< br>（
1
）表示正在发生的动作，通常用
“now
现在
, look
看，<
/p>
linsen
听
”.
（
2
）基本形式：
be +
动词
ing
eg: I am(not) doing my homework.
You/We/They are(not) reading.
He/She/It is(not) eating.
What are you
doing?
Is he reading?
（
3
）动词的现在分词形式（动词
+ing
）
一般情况
结尾是不发音的
e
重读闭音节
+ing
-e + ing
walk
—
walking
come
—
coming
双
写
最
后
一
run-running
个字母
+ing
swim-
swimming
3.
一般过去时
（
1
）
表示过去已经发生的事情
,
通常用
“last
…
上一个
…, just
now
刚才
, a moment
ago
刚才，
yesterday<
/p>
昨天
”
等词。
（
2
）
be
动词的过去式
:
am/is
—
was
are
—
were
（
3
）过去式基本结构
肯定句（
Positive
）
否定句
(Negative)
一般疑问句
(Yes/No)
特殊疑问句
(wh-)
动词过去式
Didn’t +
动词原形
Did …+
动词原形
…?
What did…+
动词原形
…?
I went shopping last night.
I didn’t go shopping last
night.
Did you go shopping
last night?
What did you do last night?
（
4
）词过去式的变化：
规则动词的变化：
一般动词
+ed
planted,watered,climbed
精品资料
以不发音的
e
结尾
< br>辅音字母加
y
结尾
+d
-y+ ied
liked
study
—
studied,
cry- cried
重读闭音节单词，末尾只有一个辅音字
双写最后一个
stop
–
stopped
plan -
planned
母
字母
+ed
不规则动词的变化：
原形
过去式
原形
sweep
swept
teach
keep
kept
think
sleep
slept
buy
feel
felt
drink
read
read
give
put
put
sing
cut
cut
begin
let
let
ring
fly
flew
run
draw
drew
sit
grow
grew
learn
过去式
taught
thought
bought
drank
gave
sang
began
rang
ran
sat
learned/ learnt
原形
have
do
eat
is/am
are
drive
speak
write
ride
hear
get
过去式
had
did
ate
was
were
drove
spoke
wrote
rode
heard
got
原形
go
find
say
take
mean
meet
make
see
come
tell
know
过去式
went
found
said
took
meant
met
made
saw
came
told
knew
4
．一般将来时
一般将来时表示将来打算做的事或将要发生的事情。
常常与
tomorrow, next
Sunday
等时间状
语连用。
结构：
be going to
+
动词原形或
will
+
动词原形
例如：
I’m going to visit my
grandpa next week.
二、人称代词
主格
宾格
形容词性物主代词
名词性物主代词
I
me
my
mine
we
us
our
ours
you
you
your
yours
he
him
his
his
she
her
her
hers
it
it
its
its
they
them
their
theris
（注：介
词，动词后面跟宾格。后面没有名词时用名词性物主代词。
）
三、可数名词的复数形式
1.
一般名词：
+ s a book
–
books
2.
辅音字母加
y
结尾：
- y+ ies a
story
—
stories
3.
以
s,
x
，
sh, ch
，结尾：
+ es a glass
—
glasses
；
< br>a watch-watches
4.
以
f
或
fe
结尾：
- f
或
fe
变为
ves a knife
–
knives a shelf-shelves
5.
特殊的名词复数
man-men, woman-women, policeman-
policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice
child-children
foot-
feet,.tooth-teeth
fish-
fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-
Japanese
四、不可数名词
(
没有复数形式
)
bread, rice, water,
juice
，
milk
，
tea
，
coffee
五、缩略形式
I’m = I am
you’re = you are she’s = she is he’s = he is /he
has(got)
it’s = it is who’s
=who is can’t =can not isn’t=is not didn’t=did not
weren’t=were not wasn’t=was