英语A级资料

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2021年02月21日 23:02
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2021年2月21日发(作者:校园言情小说推荐)


v1.0


可编辑可修改


英语


A


级复习资料



词组:




1. abide by



=be faithful to



obey


)忠于;遵守。



2. be absent from…。



缺席,不在



3. absence or mind



=being absent- minded




心不在焉



4. absorb



=take up the attention of


)吸引…的注意力



be absorbed i n


全神贯注于…近;


be engrossed in



be lost in



be



rapt in



be concentrated on



be focused on



be centered on


5.



be



abundant in



be rich in



be well supplied with




富于,富有



6. access



to




(不可数名词)



能接近,进入,了解



7. by accident



=by chance



accidentally


)偶然地,意外。



8. of one's own accord



=without being asked



willingly



freely


)自愿地



9. in accord with


与…一致


. out of one's accord with


同…不一致



10. with one accord



=with everybody agreeing


)一致地



11. in accordance with



=in agreement with




依照,根据



12. on one's own account


为了某人的缘故,



为了某人自己的利益



13. take…into account(


=consider


) 把……考虑进去



14. give sb. an account of


说明,



解释



(理由)



15. account for



=give an explanation or reason for




解释,



说明。



16. on account of



=because of




由于,因为。



17. on no account



=in no case



for no reason


)绝不要(放句首时句



子要倒装)



18. accuse…of…(=charge…with;


blame sb. for sth.




指控,控告



19. be accustomed to



=be in the habit of



be used to


)习惯于。



20. be acquainted with



=to have knowledge of




了解;




21. act on


奉行,按照…行动;


act as


扮演;


act for


代理



22. adapt oneself to



=adjust oneself to




使自己适应于



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23. adapt…(


for





=make sth. Suitable for a new need




改编,



改写



24. in addition



=besides




此外,



又,



加之



25. in addition to



=as well as



besides



other than


)除…外



26. adhere to



=abide by



conform to



comply with



cling to



insist on





persist in



observe



opinion



belief




粘附;



坚持,



遵循



27. adjacent



=next to



close to




毗邻的,



临近的



28. adjust……(


to





=change slightly


)调节;



适应;



29. admit of



=be capable of



leave room for




…的可能,留有…的余地。



30. in advance



before in time




预告,



事先。



31. to advantage


有利的,使优点更加突出地。



32. have an advantage over


胜过。


have the advantage of


由于…处于有利条件



33. take advantage of



=make the best of



utilize



make use of


)利用



34. agree with


赞同(某人意见)


agree to


同意



35. in agreement



with




同意,



一致



36. ahead of


在…之前,



超过…;


ahead of time


提前。



37. in the air 1


)不肯定,



不具体。


2


)在谣传中。



38. above all



=especially



most important of all




尤其是,



最重要的。



39. in all



=counting everyone or everything



altogether




总共,



总计



40. after all


毕竟,到底;




not



at all


一点也不;


all at once



=suddenly





然;




once


and


for


all


只此一次;


above


all


最重要的;


first


of


all


首先;


all


in


all




大体上说;


be all in


累极了;


all but


几乎。



41. allow for



=take into consideration



take into account




考虑到



42. amount to



=to be equal to




总计,



等于。



43. answer for



undertake responsibility for



be liable for




对…负责。



44. answer to



=conform to




适合,符合。



45. be anxious about


为…焦急不安;




anxious for


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46. apologize to sb. for sth.


为…向…道歉



47. appeal to sb. for sth.


为某事向某人呼吁。


appeal to sb.


对某人有吸引力



48. apply to sb. for sth.


为…向…申请




apply for


申请;


apply to


适用。



49. apply to


与…有关;适用



50.


approve of



=consent to



be


in favor


of



favor



agree to



consider good




right




赞成,


approve vt.


批准



51. arise from



=be caused by




由…引起。



52. arrange for . to do sth.


安排…做…



53. arrive on


到达;


arrive at


到达某地(小地方)



arrive in


到达某地(大地方)



54. be ashamed of



= guilt or sorrow because of sth. done




以… 为耻



55. assure sb of sth.



=try to cause to believe or trust in sth.


)向…保证



56. att ach



to





=to fix



fasten



join




缚,





,结



57. make an attempt at doing sth.



to do sth.




试图做…



58.


attend


to



=give


one's


attention



care


and


thought


< p>
注意,


照顾;


attend


on



upon







=wait upon



serve



look after




侍候,照料



59.


attitude to toward …对…的态度。看法



60. attribute…to…(=to believe sth. to be the result of…)把……归因于……,






为……是……的结果



61. on the average



=on average



on an average




平均



62.



be



aware of



=be conscious of


)意识到,知道。



63. at the back of



=behind

< br>)



在…后面



64. in the back of


在…后部(里面)



on the back of


在…后部(外面)




65. at one's back



=supporting or favoring sb.




支持,维护



66. turn one's back on sb.


不理睬(某人)


,背弃,抛弃



67. behind one's back


背着某人(说坏话)



68. be based on upon


基于



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69. on the basis of


根据…,



在…基础上



70. beat…at 在…运动项目上打赢



71. begin with


以…开始。


to begin with



=first of all




首先



72. on behalf of



=as the representative of




以…名义



73. believe in



=have faith or trust in




相信,依赖,信仰。



74. benefit



from




受益,得到好处。



75. for the benefit of


为了…的利益(好处)



76. for the better


好转



77. get the better of



=defeat sb.




打败,



胜过。



78. by birth


在出生上,按血统


at birth


在出生时;


give birth to


出生



79. blame sb. for sth.


因…责备某人


. blame sth. on sb.


把…推在某人身上



80. be in blossom


开花(强调状态)


come into blossom


开花(强调动作)



81. on board


到船上,



在船上,



上火车或飞机



82. boast of



or about




吹嘘



83. out of breath


喘不过气来



84. in brief



=in as few words as possible


)简言之



85. in bulk


成批地,不散装的



86. take the floor


起立发言



87. on business


出差办事。



88. be busy with sth.


于某事


. be busy doing sth.


忙于做某事



89. last but one


倒数第二。



90. but for



=without




要不是。



表示假设



语法:




形容词与副词的比较级



< p>
形容词常用于修饰名词,说明该词的性质、特征等。它在句中主


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要用作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语,如:




The primitive language of signs is not always very clear.


(定


语)原始语言手势的意思并非总是很清楚的。




Groups


of


new,


modern


buildings


have


sprung


up


along


the


river.< /p>


(定语)一群群新的现代建筑沿江拔地而起。



The football game was marvelous.


(表语)足球赛精彩极了。




I'm sorry that I'm late.


(表语)



对不起,我迟到了。




Don't leave the door open, please.


(宾补)



请不要将门敞着。




He spent three days in the snow, cold and hungry.


(状语)




他又冷又饿地在风雪中过了两天。




这里我们先讨论在使用形容词和副词时应注意什么,


以免犯那些 常见


的错误。




1.


有些形相似、义相别的词



如:



alone


(独自地)


lonely


(孤独的)



alive


(活的)


living


(活生生的)


lively


(活跃的)



blooming


(花正开的)


booming


(繁荣的)



credible


(可靠的)


creditable


(高贵的)




considerable


(应考虑的;相当多的)

< p>
considerate


(体贴人的)



desirous


(想望的)


desirable


(合意的)




efficient


(有效力的)


sufficient


(足够的)




exhaustive


(彻底的)


exhausting


(使人筋疲力尽的)




healthy


(健壮的)


healthful


(有益健康的)


healthily


(旺盛


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地;相当大地)




honorable


(荣誉的)


honorary


(名誉的)




historic


(历史性的)


historical


(历史上的)



imaginative



富于想象力的)

imaginable


可想象到的)


imaginary


(想象的)




industrial


(工业的)


industrious


(勤勉的)




legible


(易读的)


eligible


(合格的)




later


(较迟的)


latter


(后者的)




likely


(可能的)


likable


(可爱的)




respectful


(有礼貌的)


respective


(各自的)




respectable


(可尊敬的)


respecting


(说到、关于)





2. -ly


结尾的形容词



在英文里,有些形容词是以


-ly


结 尾的,不要误认为是副词。这


类词常见的有:



brotherly


(友爱的)


deadly


(致命的)


earthly


(世俗的)


friendly


(友好的)


likely


(可能的)


leisurely


(空闲的)


lovely


(可爱


的)


manly


(男子 气概的)


weekly


(每周一次的)


yearly


(每年一


次的)





3.


行 为动词作系动词用时,


后面要接行容词作表语。


在英语动词中,


有一部分行为动词可用作连系动词,


后面应接形容词作表语,< /p>


不要误


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用副词。这类常用作系动词的行为动词有下面几种情况:



A.


表示



变 成某种状态



的动词:


become


,


come


,


fall


,


get


,


grow


,


make , prove , run ,turn , turn out


例如:



Our country becomes stronger and stronger.


我们的国家越


来越强大。



Milk is liable to turn bad in summer .


夏天,牛奶容易变质。




The child fell asleep .


孩子睡着了。




Our holidays come near .


我们的假期临近。




B.


表示



保 持某种状态



的动词:


continue , hold , keep , lie ,


remain , rest , sit , stand , stay


如:



The weather continued cold .


天气持续寒冷。



Hold still .


不要动。




Keep still while I photograph you .


我给你照相时,请不要


乱动。




They remained quiet when they listened to the story .



们听故事时一直很安静。




C.


表示



感觉



的动词:


appear


,


feel


,


look


,


seem


,


smell


,


sound


,


taste


例如:




She appeared happy at the good news.


她听到这好消息时显


得很高兴。




Silk feels soft.


绸子摸起来很软。




He looks unwell today .


他今天看上去相似身体不适。




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I am sure that the soup tastes good.




形容词与副词的比较等级



同级比较往 往由



形容词


/


副词的原形


+ as


的句式表达;< /p>


当然也要注意它的否定形式、以及在第一个


as

< br>前加倍数或程度副词


的情况。




比较级


+


than


引导不同级的比较。



比较级< /p>



前同样可以加倍


数或程度副词。另外




B


一样不……< /p>



形容词的最高级前一般必须有定冠词


t he


;但是也有不加定冠词


the


的几 种情况。



要注意几种比较级的特殊句型,如:



+


比较级…,


the


+



较级……



越……越……< /p>



比较级


+


and


+


比较级

< br>


意思是



越来越…



英文中的形容词和副词一般都有三种级的形式即:原级(


The


Positive


Degree


)< /p>



比较级



Th e


Comparative


Degree

< br>)


和最高级



The


Superlative Degree







同级比较中有两种情况:



1


)表示双方情况



一模一样



,用


as +


原级


+ as


的结构;



表示双方情况



不(那么)一样



,用< /p>


not so / as +


原级


+ as


的结构。


在这两种结构中,


第一个


as


是副词,


而第二个


as


是连词;


在第二个


as< /p>


的后面接名词、句子或代词的主格(一般不要接代词


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的宾格)


。例如:



My parcel is as heavy as yours .


我的包裹与他的一样沉。



Arther calculates as accurately as a ca lculator.


阿瑟象计


算器一样计算精确。




His bedroom is not as neat as his sister's.


他的寝室没有


他姐姐的整洁。



It is not so hot as yesterday.


今天不象昨天那么热。



I can't speak English as fast as a native speaker.



我说英文没有以英语为母语的人说得快。






2


)另外,在


as … as 的结构 中,第一个


as


的前面可以加上表示倍


数的词、


或是某些副词修饰语:


twice


,


(


three


)


times


,


nearly


,


almost , just , exactly , not nearly



(根本不)


, by no means


(绝不)


, quite


等等。例如:



Asia is four tomes as large as Europe.


亚洲有欧洲的四倍 大


(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)




James is not nearly as tall as Robert.


詹姆斯根本没有罗伯


特高。



Cast iron is almost as useful as steel.


铸铁差不多与钢一


样有作用。



She hasn't been quite so unlucky as she pretends.



她还没有象她常装出的那样不幸。



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3





as



as 的结构中,我们还常见这样两种句型:


as


much


+



可数名词


+ as



as many +


复数可数名词


+ as


。例如:



She


spread


as


much


butter


on


her


bread


as


Jane


usually


does.




她在面包上涂的黄油与琼通常涂的一样多。



He


has


learned


as


many


English


words


as


his


brother


(has


)


.



他已学了和他哥哥一样多的英文单字。





4




不同级 的比较主要用表示于人与人、


事物与事物之间不同之处的


比较, 其意义为




B


更(怎么样)一些



。常用的结构是比较



+ than


。例如:



They worked even harder than they promised.


他们工作得比


他们答应的还要卖力。



This street is narrower than that one.


这条街比那条街窄


一些。





5)


在比较级


+ than


的结构前可以 加上某些副词类和表示倍数的词,


以对其进行修饰,如:


far


(远)



even

(甚至)



much


(许多)



still


(更,还)

< br>,


a lot


(许多)



a little / bit



(一点)



rather


(相当地)



slightly


(略微)



not any


(不再)



three time


s …(三倍、……)


,等等。例如:



This book is far more interesting than that one.



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这本书比那一本有趣多了。



You've been working much harder than I have.



你一直比我工作得努力多了。




She came even earlier than I asked (him to).



她来得甚至比我叫她来的时间还要早。





6)


比较级中的两个特殊作用的结构是:


The


+


比较级


+


句子,


the


+


比较级


+


句子



。和



比较级


+ and +


比较级



。前一个句型结构

< p>
表示的意义是



越(怎么样就)越(怎么样)



,在这个结构中的


两个



比较级



不要求一定词性相同,它们各 自的词性要依句子的


需要而定;后一个句型结构表示的意义是


< /p>


越来越(怎么样)



在这个结构中的两个



比较级



则要求词性相同。例如:



The


harder


you


work


at


your


study,


the


better


academic


records


you will have.


你学习越努力,你的成绩就越好。



The more we have, the more we want.


人欲无穷。



When winter is coming , it gets colder and colder .


冬天来


临之际,天越来越冷了。



He became less and less satisfied with the football team's


performance.




他对足球队的表现越来越不满意了。





7)


没有比较对象的比较结构。所 谓没有比较对象的比较结构不是指


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省略而言,而是指并非真正的比较。例如:




The car runs faster than 110 miles.


那辆车时速为


110

< br>多英


里。



There is more than one solution to the problem.


这个问题


的解决办法不止一个。



The daily cost in an average hospital in the United States


can run as high as $$250 .


在美国普通医院的每天的费用可高达


250


美元。





8)


用比较级的形式表达最高级的意思。在这种情况下,往往 是将一


个人或是一件事与其他所有的人或事相比较。做这种句子时有一

< br>点要特别注意


--


别忘了常在比较状语中


any ,other , else


类的


字眼,以将 比较主体排除在比较对象以外,因为自己不可以与自


己相比较。



例如:




He is taller than anyone else in our class.


他在我们班比


其他任何都高。



Iron is more useful than any other metals.


铁比其他任何


金属更有作用。





9) no +


比较级


+ than


的结构表示




B


一样不……< /p>



She runs no faster than her sister.


她与她妹妹一样跑不快。



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Tom is no wiser than John.


汤姆和约翰一样没有聪明才智。



He is no richer than his brother.


他与他弟弟一样不富有。





10)


比较和倍数的表达方法:




在表达一方是另一方的若干倍时,


常 用如下表达方式:



1



“……


倍数+


as



adj




adv< /p>



(原级)




as……”,在两个


as


之间可用


many


(修饰可数名词)



much


(修饰不可数名词)和其它相应的词。


(< /p>


2



“……倍数+


adj




adv

< br>.


(比较级)


+than……”



3



“……


倍数+


the size



heig ht



length



weight



width

/depth……+


of



the


+名词”。





1



There are more than twice ______ five years ago.



A. as many books as



B. many books as





在下句中


twice as many...as


前后要一致,


more than


修饰


twice.



2



We are eating _______ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910





A



more than twice



B



as twice as many



C



twice as many as



D



more than twice as many





3



After the new technique was introduced



the factory produced


__


tractors in


1988 as the year before




A



as twice many



B



as many twice



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